报关实务2.pptx
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报关实务2.pptx
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UnitTwo,CustomsControlofImportandExportGoods,LessonOne,TheGeneralIntroductionofForeignTradeControls,WhatisforeigntradecontrolofPRC?
对外贸易管制制度,Aadministrativesystemon:
foreigntradeoperator,importandexportlicensesystem,theentry-exitinspectionandquarantinesystem,theforeignexchangemanagementsystem,thetraderemedymeasures,.,1.2MajorSourcesofForeignTradeLaw,中华人民共和国对外贸易法,1.2.1TheLawsRelatedtoForeignTradeManagement,中华人民共和国进出口关税条例中华人民共和国知识产权海关保护条例中华人民共和国进出境动植物检疫法中华人民共和国野生植物保护条例中华人民共和国外汇管理条例中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法,1.2.3InternationalTreaties:
蒙特利尔议定书/伦敦修正案:
呼吁保护臭氧层、淘汰臭氧层消耗物质(ODS)的议定书巴塞尔公约/控制危险废料越境转移及其处置巴塞尔公约,1.3FramesofForeignTradeControl,Fivemajorsystems:
1.Businessqualification2.Inspectionandquarantinesystem3.Licensesystem4.Foreignexchangesystem5.Remedymeasures,LessonTwo,ForeignTradeOperatorManagementSystem,Foreigntradeoperator,Outlawedacts:
1.Forging,distortingortradingcertificatesofcountryoforiginandimportorexportlicenses;2.InfringementonIP;3.Squeezingoutcompetitorswithunduecompetition;4.Defraudingthestatesrefundofexporttax;.,Howcanaforeigntradeoperatorwidenthescopeofforeigntradingrights?
automaticregistrationsystem,SEZS,Freeeconomiczones(FEZ)orfreezones(FZ)areaclassofspecialeconomiczone(SEZ)designatedbythetradeandcommerceadministrationsofvariouscountries.Thetermisusedtodesignateareasinwhichcompaniesaretaxedverylightlyornotatalltoencourageeconomicactivity.Freeports,FreeEconomicZones:
China:
HongKongPearlRiverDelta,FIEs,Wholly-ownedforeigninvested外商独资Equityjointventures中外合资Contractualjointventures中外合作经营,LessonThree,ImportandExportLicenseSystem,Whatareusedtocontrolexportingandimportinggoodsinlicensesystem?
ImportandexportcertificateQuota,3.2.1QuotaAdministrationDefined,Quota:
aprotectionisttraderestrictiononthequantityofimportedgoods.,绝对配额,关税配额,QuotaAdministration,absolutequota:
绝对配额Importquotathatallowsalimitedquantityofspecifiedmerchandiseintoacountry(orwithdrawalofalreadyimportedmerchandisefromabondedwarehouse)forconsumption-atnormaldutyrates-duringaspecifiedperiod.tariffratequota:
关税配额Whenquantitiesinsideaquotaarechargedlowerimportdutyrates,thanthoseoutside(whichcanbehigher).,Case1,Inacommunicationdated9September1975(L/4222)theGovernmentoftheUnitedStatesrequestthatameetingoftheCouncilofRepresentativesbeheldattheearliestpossibledatetodiscusstheestablishmentofaworkingpartytomakeanadvisoryrulingontheconsistencyofCanadasimportquotasoneggswithArticleXIoftheGATT.,Case2,WhentheautomobileindustryintheUnitedStateswasthreatenedbythepopularityofcheapermorefuelefficientJapanesecars,a1981voluntaryrestraintagreementlimitedtheJapanesetoexporting1.68millioncarstotheU.S.annuallyasstipulatedbyU.SGovernment.,Voluntaryexportrestraint,Avoluntaryexportrestraint(VER)orvoluntaryexportrestrictionisagovernmentimposedlimitonthequantityofgoodsthatcanbeexportedoutofacountryduringaspecifiedperiodoftime.Voluntaryexportquota自愿出口限制/自动出口配额,3.2.2LicenseAdministrationDefined,Forindustrialproducts:
Onelicenseforonebatch;Onelicenseforonedeclaration.,3.3ScopeofImportandExportLicenseManagementSystem,GoodsandTechnologies,3.3.1GoodsandTechnologiesProhibitedfromImportationandExportation,ArticlesProhibitedfromImportation
(1)列入禁止进口货物目录的商品。
(有6批,已公布5批)禁止进口货物目录第一批,根据我国是所缔结或者参加的国际条约、协定,需要禁止进口的货物名称。
例如:
四氯化碳、犀牛角和虎骨等。
禁止进口货物目录第二批:
旧机电产品类禁止进口货物目录第三、第四、第五批,所涉及的是对环境有污染的固体废物类。
(2)国家有关法律法规明令禁止进口的商品(废旧金属,疫区动物及其产品,旧服装,右置方向盘的汽车,国产手表复进口,V因子血液制品,黑人牙膏(DARKLE,DARLIE),ArticlesProhibitedfromExportation
(1)列入禁止出口货物目录的商品。
禁止出口货物目录(第一、三批),根据我国是所缔结或者参加的国际条约、协定,需要禁止出口的货物名称。
是为了保护我国自然生态环境和生态资源,禁止出口的商品。
如:
四氯化碳、犀牛角、虎骨等、有防风固沙作用的发菜和麻黄草等植物禁止出口货物目录第二批:
主要是为了保护我国的森林资源,例如说禁止出口木炭。
(2)国家有关法律法规明令禁止进口的商品(3)其他(例如劳改产品),News-HangzhouCustomsReturnsImported“ForeignWastes”,Recently,underthecontrolofHangzhouCustoms,twobatchesofforeignwasteswhichwerebannedfromimport,wererespectivelyreturnedfromWenzhouportandTaizhouport,ZhejiangProvince.OnSeptember3,atWenzhouport,Customsofficersmonitoredthereturnof1,075tons“electrolyticaluminumanodeblockscraps”(铝电解阳极块碎片);onSeptember6,atTaizhouport,theofficersmonitoredthetotalreturnofwastemetalscontaining80kilograms“compressorswithinsulatingoil”whichwereimportedfromJapan.,3.3.2GoodsandTechnologiesRestrictedfromImportationandExportation,ArticlesRestrictedfromImportation濒危物种进口、可利用废物进口、进口药品、进口音像制品、黄金及其制品进口管理。
ArticlesRestrictedfromExportation金银等贵重金属及其制品;国家货币;外币及其有价证券;无线电收发信机、通信保密机;贵重中药材;一般文物;海关限制出境的其他物品。
1.GoodsRestrictedfromImportationandexportation,Forimportation:
QuotaLicenseForexportation:
QuotaLicense,限制进出口货物,限制进口管理,限制出口管理,关税配额(相对数量控制),配额税率管理,非配额限制(其他限制),许可证件管理,配额限制(总量控制),配额许可证管理(配额分配)(绝对数量管理),配额招标-实行许可证管理,非配额限制(其他限制),实行各类许可证件管理,29,Someimportandexportlicenses,进口许可证出口许可证自动进口许可证废物进口许可证技术进口许可证,2.TechnologiesRestrictedfromImportationandExportation,Alltechnologiesrestrictedfromimportaresubjecttothelicenseadministration;anytechnologyforwhichnolicenseisgrantedcannotbeimported.技术许可规则,-Theadministrationonimportandexportlicensefordual-useitemsandtechnologiesDual-useitems:
军民两用项目ControllingList两用物项和技术进出口许可证-StatecryptographyadministrationCryptography:
密码技术CoCom:
CoordinatingCommittee东西方贸易统筹委员会(亦称巴黎统筹委员会)CoComceasedtofunctiononMarch31,1994AndthentheWassenaarArrangementwasestablished.,Similarrestriction,3.4TheAdministrationofAutomaticImportLicense,QuotaLicenseAffairsofficesMinistryofCommerce,3.4.2TheApplicationScopefortheAdministrationofAutomaticImportLicense,-Generalproductormechanicalandelectricalproducts-Onelicenseforonebatch-6months,LessonFour,TheEntry-exitInspectionandQuarantineSystem,Guidedreading:
Whatisthedefinitionofentry-exitinspectionandquarantinesystem?
chargeoftheworkofthefollowings:
qualitymetrology计量commodityinspectionsanitaryquarantine卫生检疫animalandplantquarantine,foodsafetycertificationandaccreditation认证认可standardizationlaw-enforcement,4.1TheFunctionsofEntry-exitInspectionandQuarantine,1.Todraftthelaws,rulesandregulations;2.Toconducttheworkofsanitaryquarantine;3.Toimplementtheanimalandplantquarantine;4.Toimplementtheinspectionandquarantineworkonfoodandcosmetics;5.Toimplementtheworkofstatutoryinspection;6.Toadministratetheinternationalcooperationandexchange;,AQSIQ中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局TheGeneralAdministrationofQualitySupervision,InspectionandQuarantineisaministerial-leveldepartmentthatisinchargeofnationalquality,metrology,entry-exitcommodityinspection,entry-exithealthquarantine,entry-exitanimalandplantquarantine,import-exportfoodsafety,certificationandaccreditation,standardization,aswellasadministrativelawenforcement.,GSP:
GeneralizedSystemofPreference普惠制GSPexemptsWTOmembercountriesfromMFNforthepurposeofloweringtariffsfortheleastdevelopedcountries,withoutalsoloweringtariffsforrichcountries.MFN:
mostfavorednationtreatment最惠国待遇MFNrequiresWTOmembercountriestotreatimportscomingfromallotherWTOmembercountriesequally,thatis,byimposingequaltariffsonthem,etc.,Officialnews:
ImportRiskAlert:
JointAnnouncementNo.99,2012ofAQSIQandMOAonPreventingtheHPAIHappenedinMexicoFromEnteringintoChina.BusinessesinViolationofFoodSafetyRegulationsBlacklistforfoodimportenterprise(updatedatJanuary24,2008)RelatedStandardsandSpecsGeneralstandardfortheLabelingofPrepackagedFoodMOA:
MinistryofAgriculture,SupervisiononHealthQuarantineRegulationsonAdministrationofMedicalWastesManagementofMetrologyLAWONMETROLOGYOFTHEPEOPLESREPUBLICOFCHINASupervisionandManagementofCertificationandAccreditationCCCImplementationRules(Electrical),GMO:
GeneticallyModifiedOrganism转基因组织,ThereiscontroversyoverGMOs,especiallywithregardtotheiruseinproducingfood.WTOattitudetoGMOs:
“SANITARYANDPHYTOSANITARYMEASURESCONSTITUTINGDISGUISEDTRADEBARRIERS”“soundscience”“theEUbiotechnologydisputeappearstobemoreofapoliticalthanascientificissue.”“Non-Science-BasedNationalStandardsandRegulationsCanConstituteDisguisedTradeBarriers”,4.2TheElementsofEntry-exitInspectionandQuarantine,中华人民共和国进出口商品检验法中华人民共和国食品安全法中华人民共和国进出境动植物检疫法中华人民共和国国境卫生检疫法中华人民共和国认证认可条例,4.2.1ImportandExportCommodityInspection,Announcement94ofAQSIQonSuspendingtheQualificationofPoTatMetalLimitedasOverseasSupplierofSolidWastesforRawMaterials,The“RegulationontheManagementofImportedSolidWastesforRawMaterials”jointlydevelopedbytheMinistryofEnvironmentProtectionalongwithother4ministriesenteredintoforceonAugust1,2011.Theregulationmakesexplicitspecificationonthereturnofwastematerialsthatcannotmeettherequirementofenvironmentprotection.PoTatMetalLimited(RegistrationNo.A344040797)reshippedthesubstandardwastematerials,whichhadbeenreturned,tothemainlandofChinaagaininJune2011.Inordertoprotecttheenvironment,preventtheimportationofoverseastoxicandhazardouswastes,andsafeguardthewastematerialstradeorder,inaccordancewithArticle47oftheRulesGoverningtheInspectionandQuarantineSupervisionofSolidWastesforRawMaterials(Decree19ofAQSIQ),theannouncementisherebypromulgatedasfollows:
4.2.2Entry-exitAnimalandPlantQuarantine,News:
ChongqingCustomsSeizesCriticallyEndangeredPlantsinMail09/23/2017Recently,ChongqingCustoms,togetherwithChongqingEntry-ExitInspectionandQuarantineBureau,seizedabatchofendangeredplantseedlingsmailedfromGermany.Therein,threeseedlingswereidentified“Euphorbiacapsaintemariensis”,“Aloesp.”and“Aloeplicat
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