仁爱版英语七年级上册知识点归纳总结(整理版).pdf
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仁爱版英语七年级上册知识点归纳总结(整理版).pdf
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仁爱版英语上学期知识点汇总(七年级上册)(包括重点句型、短语、知识点详解和重点语法)Unit1MakingNewFriendsUnit1MakingNewFriends【重点短语】1.goodmorning/afternoon/evening早上/下午/晚上好2.glad/nicetomeet/seeyou见到你很高兴3.welcometo+地点欢迎来到4.lets+v让我们做5.standup起立6.sitdown坐下7.thisis.这是8.thanks=thankyou谢谢9.seeyou=seeyoulater=goodbye再见10.IDnumber身份证号码11.befrom=comefrom来自12.inEnglish用英语【重要句型】1.-Whatsyourname?
-MynameisSally.2.-Whereareyoufrom?
-ImfromChina.-Wheredoyoucomefrom?
-IcomefromChina.3.-Whereishe/shefrom?
-He/SheisfromJapan.4.-Whatsthis/thatinEnglish?
-Itsa/an5.-Whatrethese/thoseinEnglish?
-Theyre6.-Howdoyouspellit?
-E-R-A-S-E-R,eraser.7.-Canyouspellit?
-Yes,M-A-P,map.8.Howoldareyou/ishe/arethey?
Im/Heis/Theyareeleven.9.Whatsyourtelephonenumber?
Its4567967.10.Whatclass/gradeareyouin?
IminClassTen,GradeSeven.(注意大小写)11.Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.12.Hello!
/Hi!
Hello!
/Hi!
13.Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou,too.14.WelcometoChina/myhome.Thanks.15.Howdoyoudo?
Howdoyoudo?
16.Howareyou?
Fine,thankyou.Andyou?
ImOK.17.Seeyouthen/later.Seeyou.18.Goodbye.Bye.19.Thankyou.Yourewelcome./ThatsOK./Notatall.【重点语法】1.1.元音字母:
AaEeIiOoUuAaEeIiOoUu包含有以下元音的字母:
eAaHhJjKki:
EeBbCcDdGgPpTtVvaIIiYyju:
UuQqWweFfLlMmNnSsXxZz2.2.大小写句首字母,人名,地名,称呼语,专有名词,星期的首字母要大写,引人注意。
Look!
IsthatJane?
HecomesfromHubei,China.Mr.Wang,thisismymom.Whatclassareyouin?
IminClassTen,GradeSeven.OnSunday,wegototheWestHillforapicnic.3.3.BeBe动词的用法我用am,你用are,is用于他、她、它,单数用is,复数就用are。
含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not,变一般疑问句将be提前。
一般疑问句的肯定回答:
Yes,人称代词+be;否定回答:
No,人称代词+be+not。
如:
-Theyareteachers.-Theyarenotteachers.-Aretheyteachers?
-Yes,theyare./No,theyarent.4.4.不定冠词、定冠词和andand的用法
(1)
(1)不定冠词a,ana,an的用法a/an都表示“一,一个”,a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如:
abook;adesk;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前,如:
anapple/anorange/anEnglishbook;/anEnglishboy/anoldman;/anactor/anEnglishteacher/anofficeworker.
(2)the
(2)the是定冠词,表特指,单复数前面都可用Weareinthesameclass.ThegirlinapinkskirtisJane.Whereisthebook?
Thisisntmybike.Theblueoneismine.(3)and(3)and的用法数字相加看做单数:
Twoandthreeisfive.颜色相加也是单数:
Blackandwhiteisgray.人和事物相加是复数:
LucyandLilyaresisters.ThepenandtheeraserareJanes.5.5.可数名词单数变复数
(1)规则变化一般在名词词尾加-s,如:
car-cars;photo-photos;toy-toys;boy-boys以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词,在词尾加-es,如:
box-boxes;bus-buses以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i再加es,如:
baby-babies;family-families4)以fe结尾,变fe为v再加es,如:
knife-knives
(2)不规则变化如:
foot-feet;man-men;woman-women;snowman-snowmen;(3)集体名词:
people,clothes,police,family(4)成双出现的名词:
shoes,pants(trousers),gloves,eyes,ears九.一词多义:
Anorange(桔子)isorange(橙色的).Unit2LookingDifferentUnit2LookingDifferent【重点短语】1.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物给某人Pleasegiveittoher.2.lookthesame长相相同lookdifferent长相不同,看起来不一样3.looklike看起来像Helookslikehisfather.=Heandhisfatherlookthesame.4.nextto在旁边Theboynexttomeismygoodfriend.5.in+颜色穿着颜色的衣服in+a/an+颜色+衣服穿着颜色的TheboyinayellowT-shirtandgraypantsismygoodfriend.6.
(1)both两者都(be动词之后,实义动词之前)Theybothhavebrownhairandblackeyes.Theyarebothofficeworkers.
(2)all三者或三者以上都Theyareallkindtome.7.数字+(形状、大小)+颜色+n.twobigredapplesShehasshortblondhair.【重点句型】1.Whoisyourfavoriteactor?
2.Weareinthesameschool,butweareindifferentgrades.3.Whatdo/does+主语+looklike?
长得怎么样?
-Whatdoeshelooklike?
-Heisnotverytallbutverystrong.4.Wedontlookthesame,butwearegoodfriends.Welookthesame,butweareindifferentclothes.5.-Whatcoloris/are+主语?
-Its/Theyre+颜色.-Whatcolorisherhair?
-Itsblond.6.Thisismycap.=Thiscapismine.Isthisyourcap?
=Isthiscapyours?
-Whosecapisthis?
=Whoseisthiscap?
-ItsSallys.-Whosearethesebananas?
-Theyretheirbananas/theirs.7.Hispantsareblueandminearewhite.(mine=mypants)MyT-shirtisgreenandhisisbrown.(his=hisT-shirt)8.Ihavesmalleyes,buthehasbigones.(ones指代eyes)Myjacketisblueandwhite.Thatoneisblue.(one指代jacket)【重点语法】1.1.动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式
(1)主语是第三人称单数形式(he、she、it;单一的人;单一的名字;单一的事物),动词要用单三形式。
实义动词变第三人称单数的规则:
一般情况直接加“s”,如:
come-comes,meet-meets动词以o,s,sh,ch,x结尾,加“es”,如:
do-does;go-goes;teach-teaches以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,再加es,如:
study-studies,fly-flies,try-tries特殊情况:
have-has
(2)句型转换当主语为第三人称单数:
变否定句时,在动词前加doesnt,动词现原形;变一般疑问句时,在句首加does,动词现原形。
一般疑问句的肯定回答:
Yes,人称代词+does;否定回答:
No,人称代词+doesnt.如:
Shehassmalleyes.-Shedoesnthavesmalleyes.-Doesshehavesmalleyes?
-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.当主语为第一、第二人称变否定句,在动词前加dont,变一般疑问句,在句首加do,肯定回答:
Yes,人称代词+do;否定回答:
No,人称代词+dont.Theyhavesmalleyes.-Theydonthavesmalleyes.-Dotheyhavesmalleyes?
-Yes,theydo./No,theydont.2.2.表示所属关系(11)名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词形容词性物主代词myyourhisherourtheirits名词性物主代词mineyourshishersourstheirsits-Whoseisthispen?
Isityours?
-No,itsnotmine.Mypenisblue.(22)名词所有格用于人或其他表示有生命的名词后:
单数或不以s结尾的复数+s,如:
Janesbook;WomensDay以s结尾的复数+如:
TeachersDayLucysandLilysbags分有LucyandLilysroom共有ThoseareJanesshoes.=ThoseshoesareJanes.of表示所属关系,用于没有生命的物体,如:
amapofChina;aphotoofmyfamilyUnit3GettingTogetherUnit3GettingTogether【重点短语和句型】1.Couldyouplease+动词原形?
用来表示委婉的请求-Couldyoupleasetellmeyourname?
-Sure/Noproblem.MynameisSally.-Sorry.2.tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告诉某人某事tellsb.aboutsth.告诉某人关于某事Pleasetellmeyourname.=Pleasetellyournametome.PleasetellMariaaboutit.请把这件事告诉玛丽亚吧。
3.helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人,帮助某人做某事Pleasehelpusfindhim.CouldyoupleasehelpmewithEnglish?
=CouldyoupleasehelpmestudyEnglish?
4.wanttodosth.=wouldliketodosth.想要做某事wantsth.=wouldlikesth.想要某物wantsb.todosth.想要某人做HewantstovisitBeijing.=HewouldliketovisitBeijing.Iwant/wouldlikeanorange.JanewantsKangkangtosingsomesongswithher.5.showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.把某物展示给某人看MariashowsaphotoofherfamilytoKangkang.6.MyEnglishisverygood.=IcanspeakEnglishverywell.7.livein+地点居住在某地livewith+sb.和某人住HeliveinChinawithhisparents.8.knowalotabout知道许多关于的事HeknowsalotaboutChina.9.say表示说话的内容,speak表示说某种语言的能力Whatdoeshesayintheletter?
HecanspeaksomeEnglish.10.对事物的喜欢程度likeverymuch/alot非常喜欢likealittle有点喜欢dontlikeatall一点都不喜欢ManystudentsinourclasslikeEnglishalot,butIlikeitalittle.Hedoesntlikechocolateatall.11.alotof+可数名词复数/不可数名词IhavealotofEnglishbooks.12.everyday每天eachother相互someofthem他们中的一些eatout下馆子,到外面吃饭13.playwithsb.和某人一块玩耍liketodo/doingsth.喜欢(做)某事ShelikestoplaywithKitty.14.Helpyourself/yourselvestosth.随便吃(喝)15.bekindtosb.对某人很友好Theyareallkindtome.他们对我很友好。
Itsverykindofyou.你真好。
16.begladtodosth.很高兴(乐意)做Iamverygladtobehere.我很乐意在这里。
Gladtomeetyou.很高兴见到你。
17.letsb.dosth.让某人做某事Letmesee.让我想一想。
Letushelpyoufindhim.让我们帮助你找到他。
18.Iamhome.我到家了。
Mariaisntathome/innow.玛丽亚现在不在家。
Welcometomyhome.欢迎来我家。
Itstimetogohome.该回家了。
【单元知识点详解】1.实义动词变一般疑问句及其回答-DoeshespeakEnglish?
-Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesnt.2.询问职业及工作地点-Whatdoesyourmotherdo?
(书面)/Whatisyourmother?
(口语)-SheisanEnglishteacher.-Wheredoesshework?
-Sheworks/teaches/studiesinaschool/hospital/restaurant/onafarm/inanoffice.3.介绍家人Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.Theyoungwomaninredismymother.Istheyoungwomaninredyourmother?
(变一般疑问句)Whoistheyoungwomaninred?
(对划线部分提问)Mygrandparents,mycousinandIareonthesofa.Ihaveabigfamily.我有一个大家庭。
Ilovemyfamily.我爱我的家。
4.就餐表达语1)-Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?
想不想喝些东西?
-Yes,aglassofapplejuice,please./No,thanks.somethingtodrink一些喝的东西somethingtoeat一些吃的东西2)-Whatwouldyouliketohave/eat/drink?
你想吃(喝)些什么?
-Idlikesomericeandchicken./Letmesee.我想想看。
3)Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?
想和我共进晚餐吗?
-Yes,Idloveto./Yes,Idliketo.-Imsorry,Ihaveto4)-Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?
你通常早餐吃什么?
-Iusuallyhavemilkandbreadforbreakfast.haveforbreakfast/lunch/dinner早/午/晚餐吃.5)-MayItakeyourorder,sir?
请问,要点菜了吗?
-Fishwithvegetablesandrice,please.6)MayIhelpyou?
=CanIhelpyou?
=WhatcanIdoforyou?
请问要吃/喝/买些什么?
5.委婉地请求、提建议的五种表达Wouldyoulikesth./todo你愿意/?
想?
What/Howaboutsth./doing?
怎么样?
Whynotdo?
为什么不?
Letsdo!
让我们干吧!
Whydontyoudo?
为什么不?
肯定回答:
Yes,Idlike/loveto./Goodidea./OK./Allright./Idlovethat.否定回答:
No,thanks./ImsorryIcant,Ihavetodo/Idlikethat,butImsorryIhavenotime.【重点语法】1.1.人称代词的主格与宾格点拨:
主格在句子中充当主语,放在动词之前;宾格放在动词之后构成动宾短语,放在介词之后构成介宾短语。
主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem-Doyouknowthem?
-Yes.Theyaremynewclassmates.2.2.可数名词与不可数名词
(1)可数名词:
可以用数目来计数的名词,有单数和复数之分。
如:
banana,egg,apple,orange,noodles,vegetable,hamburger等。
(2)不可数名词:
不能用具体的数目来表示,前面不能加a/an,没有复数形式。
如:
milk,chicken,bread,Coke,coffee,rice,juice,fish,tea,water,chocolate等。
(3)不可数名词若要表示数量,可用:
数词+量词+of+不可数名词。
如:
aglassofmilk一杯牛奶;tenbottlesofapplejuice十瓶橙汁;tenloavesofbread十条面包(4)some/alotof+可数名词的复数/不可数名词many+可数名词的复数much+不可数名词【书信的格式】1.称呼:
顶格写,常用Dear开头,表示亲切、客套,后面用逗号。
2.正文:
从称呼的下一行开始写,开头空两格。
3.结束语:
正文下面的客套话,写在右下角,首字母大写,末尾用逗号,常用Yours。
4.签名:
指写信人的签名,写在结束语的下面。
Unit4HavingfunUnit4Havingfun【重点短语和句型】1.buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.为某人买Lindawantstobuyatoycarforhercousin.=Lindawantstobuyhercousinatoycar.2.tryonsth.=trysth.on试穿tryit/themon(固定搭配)Mariatriesonthecoatinaclothesshop.3.Thecoatlooksveryniceonyou.你穿上这件外套真漂亮。
4.Thatsfine.Welltakeit.好的,我们就买它了。
5.Iamjustlooking.我只是随便看看。
6.“Areyoukidding?
你在开”玩笑吗?
7.think想,认为thinkabout考虑thinkof认为KangkangthinksitsLiMings.Iltlhinkaboutit.我要考虑一下。
thinkaboutaplan考虑一项计划Whatdoyouthinkofthisyellowskirt?
8.Thankyouallthesame.仍然感谢你。
9.getsomewate取水flyakite/kites放风筝singsomesongs唱歌meetfriendsathome在家和朋友见面haveapicnic=go(out)forapicnic去野餐getup起床gohome回家gofishing去钓鱼goshopping=dosomeshopping购物gotothezoo去动物园gototheWestHill去西山visitafriend拜访朋友callback回电话dooneshomework做作业takeonesorder点菜takesomebread带一些面包sb.todosth.请/要某人做某事Couldyouaskhertocallmebackthisevening?
你能让她今晚给我回个电话吗?
11.needsth./todosth
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