英语高考英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析及解析.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析及解析.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析及解析
【英语】高考英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
ASongofIceandFireisaseven-partseriesoffantasywrittenforadults.GeorgeR.R.Martinwriteseachchapterfromtheperspectiveofaspecificcharacter,providingalimitedpointofviewforeachsection.Thereaderisabletounderstandtheinnerworkingsoftheindividual,butthereaderisbarredfromawholeunderstandingofthetext.Theworldhehascreatedhasmagic,butthereismuchmorethanthat.Whilemagicexists,itexistsontheedge,andtheinnerunrestofthecharactersismuchmoreimportant.
Hisworkalsohasalevelofrealnessthatisastonishinginaworkoffantasy.Charactersareimperfect,andmanymakequestionablemoralchoices.Intheend,however,Martinshowsthatbothgoodandbadhappentoboththepeopleofhighmoralstandardandthecorrupt.Hehasmadeitclearthatanycharactercandieatanypoint,whichhasledtoalotofheartbreakfromreaders.
In2011,ASongofIceandFirebecameatelevisionseriestitledGameofThrones.Martinhasbeencloselyinvolvedwiththeproduction.Ithascurrentlyrunforsevenseasons,andviewersanxiouslyawaittheeighthseasontoanswertheirquestionsfromtheseasonsevenfinale.
HisfansarealsowaitingforTheWindsofWinterandADreamofSpring,thenextbooksintheseries,toanswerthequestionsMartinandthetelevisionshowhavenotyetaddressed.Martin,however,hasnoplanstorush.Hehasmadeitclearthathewillcontinuetowritethebookswhileworkingonthetelevisionshowandwritingothernovels.
Buthowwillthestorycontinue?
WhatisgoingtohappeninWesteros,andmoreimportantly:
whenarewegoingtofindout?
Martinisskillasawriterhaskeptreadersandviewersspellbound.Manyhopehewillfinishthenextbookbeforethenextseasonoftheshowbegins,butnooneknowswithMartin.Healwayskeepshisreadersguessing.
(1)OneofthecharacteristicsofASongofIceandFireis________.
A. eachchapteriswrittenfromalimitedpointofview
B. magicisthecenterofthestory
C. Martinhasmadeimperfectcharactersdieatanypoint
D. manycharactersmakeastonishingchoices
(2)WhatisGeorgeR.R.Martin'sASongofIceandFireconsideredtobe?
A. Oneofhismasterworksoffantasy.
B. Anunsuccessfulscreenadaptation.
C. AnartisticcreationfortheTV.
D. OneofthebestTVprogrammes.
(3)Whatdoestheword“address”inthefourthparagraphmean?
A. written
B. spoken
C. solved
D. directed
(4)Howwilltheendingofthestorybe?
A. Interesting. B. Confusing. C. Novel. D. Unknown.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)A
(3)C
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文,介绍了GeorgeR.R.Martin为成人写的奇幻小说《冰与火之歌》。
作者Martin从一个特定的角色的角度来写每一章,为每一节提供一个有限的观点。
这人们正期待作者继续写作,把故事延续下去。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段中的“GeorgeR.R.Martinwriteseachchapterfromtheperspectiveofaspecificcharacter,providingalimitedpointofviewforeachsection.”可知,ASongofIceandFire的一个特点是每一章都是用有限的视角写的。
故选A。
(2)K考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Hisworkalsohasalevelofrealnessthatisastonishinginaworkoffantasy.”可知,GeorgeR.R.Martin的ASongofIceandFire被认为这是他的杰作之一。
故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第四段中的“HisfansarealsowaitingforTheWindsofWinterandADreamofSpring,thenextbooksintheseries,toanswerthequestionsMartinandthetelevisionshowhavenotyetaddressed.Martin,however,hasnoplanstorush.”可知,他的书迷们也正在等着TheWindsofWinterandADreamofSpring——本系列的下一本书,这本书是为了解答马丁和电视剧尚未解决的问题。
由此可知选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Healwayskeepshisreadersguessing.”可知,这个故事的结尾将是未知的。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇介绍类阅读,要求考生准确捕捉细节信息,根据上下文进行逻辑推理,选出正确答案。
2.Directions:
Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
Takingyourpulseduringphysicalactivityallowsyoutomeasurehowhardyouareexercising.Youshouldexercisetostaywithinyourtargetheartrange.
Increasingyourheartrateisakeypartofexercisebutitisimportantthatyourheartrateisnottoohighortoolow.Ifyouareabeginner,youshouldalsobeabletobreathecomfortablywhileexercising.Thiswillensurethatyouareexercisingatalevelthatissafeandeffectiveforyourbody.
Thechartbelowillustratestargetheartraterangesforexercisebasedonthemaximalheartrateforselectedages.Herearethestepsforusingthechart:
(1)WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Exerciseintensitycanbereflectedbyaperson'sheartrate.
B.Thefasteryourheartrateis,themoreeffectivetheexerciseis.
C.Vigorousexercisewilldefinitelypresentathreattopeople'ssafety.
D.Thetargetexerciseheartraterangefora45-year-oldis90–149BPM.
(2)A34-year-oldmanisrunningandthenumberofpulseshetakesfor15secondsis40.
Hisfitnesscoachhadbettertellhim_____________.
A."Youaredoingfine."
B."Youcanrunfaster."
C."Youshouldslowdownabit."
D."Youshoulddrinksomewater."
(3)Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?
A.Toadvisepeopletoformahabitoftakingtheirpulseswhileexercising.
B.Toinformpeopleofthetargetheartratezoneforthoseaged60andunder.
C.Totellpeopletheimportanceofmaintainingmoderateamountofexercise.
D.Toshowpeoplehowtomeasureheartratetokeepproperexerciseintensity.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第一段“Takingyourpulseduringphysicalactivityallowsyoutomeasurehowhardyouareexercising.Youshouldexercisetostaywithinyourtargetheartrange.”及表格上的数据可知,一个人的心率可以反映运动强度。
故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据表格中给的测量心率的方法可知,此人的每分钟的心率是40*4=160,结合数据表格,年龄34从35岁那一栏可知,大于百分之85,根据图表说明可知,属于剧烈运动,因此他的健康教练应该告诉他放慢一点。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。
可知,文章的目的是向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇健康类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.Directions:
Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
Whenshewastenyearsold,IsadoraDuncandroppedoutofschooltoteachpeopledance.Ifthatjobwaslefttoanyotherten-year-old,itwouldhaveturnedoutfrustrating,difficult,andalittlediscouraging.
ButDuncanwasdifferent.Notonlywasshealreadytalentedenoughtoearnmoneyevenatthatage,butshealsohadararekindofconfidencethathelpedhertreattroublesasfuel—somethingtoelevatethefirethatisalreadyburninginsideofher.
It'snosurprise,then,thatwhenshemovedtoNewYorktojoinatheatrecompany,shefoundherselfrestricted.Theexistingdancingstyle,theirwayofoperating—allofthisseemedtohertheworkofamisguidedpast.Duncanwasverydirectaboutwhatshewanted,confidentlytellingpeopleshehadadifferentvisionofdancethatshewasgoingtospreadintheworld.This,naturally,ledtoridiculeandlaughsearlyon,butasshebuiltupherwork,theseinstancesbecamelessfrequent.Today,sheisrememberedas"TheMotherofDance,"withmuchofthemodernartowingitsexpressivestyletoherinfluence.InspiredbytheancientGreeks,shebroughtthestyletolife.
Inherautobiography(自传),oneofthethingsDuncanfrequentlyreferstoasthebasisofherexpressivespiritisthefactthatshehadachildhoodwhereshewasn'tconstantlywatched.Theexpectationsofhermother(whoraisedher)wereopen-ended.Itwasthefreedomofthislifestylethatdrovehertoseewhatshecoulddo.
Growingup,beforesheleftschool,shewastoldoneoftwothings:
thatshewaseithercompletelyuselessorthatshewasagenius.Therewasnothinginbetween.Evenwhenshestartedworking,peopleeitherbowedtoherortheybasicallyignoredher.Buttherewasn'tonemomentDuncandoubtedherowngenius.
Thereisanoldquotation"ifyoujudgeafishbyitsabilitytoclimbatree,itwillliveitswholelifebelievingthatitisstupid."Anditcapturesanimportanttruth.Atschool,IsadoraDuncanwasafailure.Inthedancehall,shegaveformtobrilliance.
(1)Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"treattroublesasfuel"mean?
A.Duncanusedtroublestopushherforwardtowardsherdream.
B.Duncanwasgoodatburningawayeverydaytroubles.
C.TroublesturnedDuncanintoaconfidentgirl.
D.TroubleslitthefireofdancinginDuncan.
(2)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDuncan?
A.HerexperienceinNewYorkwasthefoundationofhercareer.
B.Herteachingjobwhenshewaslittledestroyedherconfidence.
C.Herdancingstylewasnotverywellreceivedatthebeginning.
D.Hermothersethigherexpectationonherthanshecouldbear.
(3)Whatdoestheauthortrytotellthereadersinthelastparagraph?
A.Itisuselessclimbingatreetocatchfish.
B.Everybodyisageniusinhisownway.
C.Miseriescomefromhumanstupidity.
D.Teacherscanimpactstudentsgreatly.
(4)Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?
A.IsadoraDuncan'schildhoodandherachievementstoday.
B.Duncan'scareerdevelopmentandotherdancers'opinionsofher.
C.IsadoraDuncan'searlyexperiencesandthereasonsforhersuccess.
D.Duncan'shighstatusinthedancingworldandheruniqueexpressivestyle.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)B
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,伊莎多拉·邓肯十岁时辍学去教别人跳舞,作者讲述了她的早期的经历以及其取得成功的原因。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“Notonlywasshealreadytalentedenoughtoearnmoneyevenatthatage,butshealsohadararekindofconfidence”即使在那个年龄,她也有足够的天赋去挣钱,而且她还有一种罕见的自信;以及“somethingtoelevatethefirethatisalreadyburninginsideofher”能让她心中燃烧的火焰更旺,可推测出划线部分的意思应为“用困难推动她向梦想前进”。
故选A。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Duncanwasverydirectaboutwhatshewanted,confidentlytellingpeopleshehadadifferentvisionofdancethatsh
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