牛津译林七年级语法总结.docx
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牛津译林七年级语法总结.docx
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牛津译林七年级语法总结
7A语法总结
1、一般现在时
第一,动词be 的三变化amis are.我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is用于他(he)她(she)它(it),单数名词用is,复数名词都用are
句型结构:
1、肯定句:
主语+am\is\are …Itisafootball.
2、否定句:
主语+am\is\are+not…Itis notafootball.
3、一般疑问句:
Am\Is\Are+主语+其他?
Isitafootball?
回答Yes,it is. No, itisn’t
4、特殊疑问句:
疑问句+am/is/are+主语+其他?
What’s yourname?
用be动词的适当形式填空
1、She ________mycousin. Her name _______LiJie.
2、TomandI________ good friends
3、What_____thisinEnglish?
It ______a book
4、________youJack?
Yes,I_______
5、What ________those?
They______ his notebooks.
第二,行为动词的一般现在时
行为动词的一般现在时的构成:
主语+行为动词+(其他)
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,谓语动词也要用单数形式。
用好一般现在时,时间状态需牢记;
主语人称是三单,动词要把-s/-es添;
基本用法要记清,状态习惯经常性。
行为动词的一般现在时的变化
1.否定句:
主语+don’t/doesn’t+动词原形+其他
I don’tlikebread.
Hedoesn’toftenplayfootball.
2.一般疑问句:
Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他
Doyouoften playfootball?
Yes,I am /No, Iamnot
Doesheoftenplayfootball?
Yes,hedoes/ No, hedoesn’t
3、特殊疑问句:
特殊疑问句+一般疑问句?
Whendoyougo toschool?
Igo to schoolatseveno’clock.
动词的三单形式的变化:
动词三单现在时,一般在词尾加S
S,x,ch,sh,在词尾,直接加上-es
词尾若是字母o ,加上-es不用愁。
词尾是“辅音字母+y”,先变y为i,后边再加-es
巩固练习:
用动词的适当形式填空
1.I like____________(swim).
2.He _________(read)Englishevery day.
3.We_________(go)toschoolatseveninthemorning.
4.Mike________(go)toschoolatseven inthemorning.
5.Mymother________(like) ______(go)shopping.
6.I can________(draw)many beautiful pictures.
7.She_________(make)a modelplane.
8.Doyou________(like)_________(run)?
9.Doeshe_________(like)_________(jump) ?
10.DoesNancy_________(grow)flowersonSaturday ?
11.Theteachers________(like)___________(dance).
12.Theteacher________(like)____________(dance).
13.Thestudents___________(speak)English inclass.
14.Thestudent_________(speak) Chineseafter class.
15.Let's____________andplayfootball.(go)
二、人称代词
人称代词主格:
作主语,表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
Iamateacher.Youarestudent.Heisa student,too.
We/You/Theyarestudents.
人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。
Giveittome. Let’sgo(let’s =letus)
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
三、物主代词
表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。
物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种,其人称和数的变化见下表。
数
人称
类别
单数
复数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
汉语
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他(她、它)们的
形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词
而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。
如:
Isthis yourbook?
No,,itisn’t,it’shers(her book)
Thispen ismine.
巩固练习:
1.__________ismyaunt.Weoften visit__________.( she)
2.Chinaisa developingcountry. _________isintheeastofAsia.(its)
3.Whatdayis __________today?
—__________is Thursday. (its)
4.Wearegoing toParistostaywithaFrenchfriend of____.(we )
5. I ownabluebike. Theredone isn’t__________.( I )
6. These new housesaresonice.__________ arevery expensive.(them)
7.Thefishermen caughtalot offish,didn’t __________?
(them )
8.LingLingis a girl.____ studiesina primaryschool.______brotherliveswith____andhelps
____ with______ lessons.(she )
9.Mikeismyclassmate.____isgood at English. (his)
10.Katewants aglassofmilk.Willyoupassit to____?
(she)
11. What’stheweatherliketoday?
____iscloudy.(its)
12.Iate all____ sandwichesyesterday.(I)CanIhave oneof____?
( you)
13. Georgehaslost ____(his)pen.Ask Maryif(是否)shewill lend him____. (she)
14.Jackhasadogandso haveI. ____(he)dogand ____( I)hada fight(打架).
15.Theteacherwants youtoreturnthatbookof____(he )
四,介词
in一般在“上午”“下午”“晚上”,还有时间段,年、月、季节;
On指特定的某一天,日期,星期和具体的节日
At用在时刻前,还有正午,午夜和表示一段时间的节日
巩固练习:
1. Children get gifts ____ Christmas and ____ their birthdays.
A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on
2.----There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there?
-----No. We can have a game of table tennis.
A. on B. in C. out D. up
3. A lot of students in our school were born____March, 1981.
A. in B. at C. on D. since
4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night.
A. on B. at C. in D. during
5. My grandfather was born____Oct. 10, 1935.
A. on B. in C. at D. of
6. The train is starting___five minutes.
A. in B. at C. for D.still
7. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening.
A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on
8. Children wake up very early____the morning of Christmas Day.
A. in B. on C. for D. at
9. ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.
A. In B. On C. At D. For
10 .It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meeting.
A. at B. on C. with D. of
11. Why did you get up so early ___ this morning.
A. on B. / C. at D. in
12. He went to Shanghai___ September 3rd, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year.
A. in; on B. on; in C. on; on D. in; in
13. Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984. . ...
A. on B. in C. at D. to
14. Mrs. Brown came to China ____ 1996
A.on B. of C. to, D. in
15 ___ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning of Joe Hill.
A. On B. In C. On D. At
五、频度副词
从频率最大到频率最小依次为:
always, usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never.
对频率副词提问要用howoften
巩固练习:
1. -DoesAliceoftenwork until 2a.m.?
-No,she ________does.
A.nearly B. certainly C. seldom D. always
2.–Ididn’tknowyoutakeabustoschool.
-Oh,I ______take a bus,butitis snowingtoday.
A. hardly B.never C. sometimes D.usually
3.-Wereyouoftenlate forschool lastterm,Tom?
-No,_______.I gottoschoolearlyeveryday.
A. Always B.Usually C.Sometimes D.Never
4.–Howoftendoyougo to aconcert?
-_______ever.I’m notinterestedinthatatall.
A. UsuallyB.Hardly C.Almost
5.-Johnsingssowell. Has heeverbeentrained?
-No.He learnsallbyhimself.He________goestoanytrainingclass.
A.usually B.often C. never D.even
6.–MissGao isverypopular withherstudents.
-Yes. Herclassesare ______livelyandinteresting.
A.seldom B.never C. sometimes D.always
7.Wearegoingtohavea party________nextweek.
A.sometime B.sometime C.sometimes D.sometimes
8.Sandyis so carefulthat she________ makes mistakesin herhomework.
A.usually B.seldom C.often D. Always
9.—Pleasedrive______ when you passaschool.
—OK.
A.nearly B.earlyC.slowlyD. really
10.—HaveyoueverbeentoDisneyland?
—No,______.Ihope Icangothere nextyear.
A.always B.sometimes C. never D.often
11.—How oftendo the students playsports?
A.Twice adayB.SincelastnightC.Fortwohours D.Amonth ago
12. Iplay basketball everydaybecause Iwanttoplayas ______ asYaoMing.
A.well B.better C. best
13.Mikehurt his backseriously andcan_____get outofbedwithouthelp.
A.quicklyB.easilyC. nearly D. hardly
14.— Did you gotothecinematosee3DTitaniclastnight?
—No, Igotothe cinema. Theticketsaretooexpensive.
A.hardlyB.nearly C. still D.Only
15.— Howoftendo youexercise?
— ever. BecauseI am verybusywith mywork.
A.HardlyB.Nearly C.AlwaysD.Almost
六、特殊疑问句
语法:
特殊疑问句
定义:
特殊疑问句是用来对句子的某一部分提问的疑问句,以疑问词开头
结构:
特殊疑问句的基本结构
疑问词+be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语动词
特殊疑问词分类:
疑问代词有:
what(什么),which(哪一个), who(谁), whose(谁的)
疑问副词有:
where(哪里), when(什么时候),why(为什么),how(怎么样)
疑问词还可以与某些单词搭配,构成疑问词短语,
如:
whattime(什么时间),whatcolour(什么颜色), howmany(多少),howmuch(多少,多少钱) howlong(多长),how often(多久一次), howold(几岁), how tall(多高)
巩固练习:
1.Theyboughta new bike yesterday.
____________________________________________________
2.Sheismy teacher.
____________________________________________________
3.Itismycoat.
____________________________________________________
4.I getupatsix.
____________________________________________________
5.Iamfrom Hubei.
____________________________________________________
6.I wenttoschoollatebecauseIgotuplate.
____________________________________________________
7.Theyboyunderthetree isJack.
____________________________________________________
8. TheyellowcatisSammy?
____________________________________________________
9. Therearesixboxesonthedesk?
____________________________________________________
10.Itiswindy.
_____________________________________________________
11.There aresix boxes on the desk?
____________________________________________________
12.Mybagisred.
______________________________________________________
13. ThebookisLiHua’s.
______________________________________________________
15.Theyare fiveyuan.
______________________________________________________
八,冠词的用法
定冠词a,an 的用法
元音因素前用“an” anhour一个小时a usefulbook一本有用的书
巩固练习:
1. I read ______story. It is ______interesting story.
A. a, an B. a, a C. the, the D. /, an
2. Britain is __ European country and China is ___ Asian country.
A. an, an B. a, a C. a, an D. an, a
3. ______China is _____ old country with _____ long history.
A. The, an, a B. The, a, a C. /, an, the D. /, an, a
4. _____elephant is bigger than ______ horse.
A. /, / B. an, a C. An, a D. /, the
5. We always have ______rice for ______lunch.
A. /, /
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