高考英语总复习词汇上海卷.docx
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高考英语总复习词汇上海卷.docx
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高考英语总复习词汇上海卷
高考英语总复习词汇(上海卷)
I.近义词
[全真试题]
1.Inthebotanicgardenwecanfinda(n)___d__ofplantsthatrangefromtalltreestosmallflowers.01
A.speciesB.groupC.amountD.variety
2.–Canyoushootthatbirdatthetopofthetree?
--No,it’soutof___a__.
A.rangeB.reachC.controlD.distance
3.Herson,towhomshewasso___c__,wentabroadtenyearsago.011.Devoteoneselfto
献身于,致力于,专心于
A.lovedB.caredC.devotedD.affected
4.Goandjoinintheparty.__c__ittometodothewashing-up.02
A.GetB.RemainC.LeaveD.Send
5.Toregaintheir__b___afteranexhaustinggame,theplayerslayinthegrass.02
A.forceB.energyC.powerD.health
6.Accordingtotherecentresearch,heavycoffeedrinkingandheartdiseaseisnotnecessarily__d_andeffect.02
A.reasonB.impactC.factD.causecauseandeffect因果
6.Everynew___b__hasthepossibilityofmakingorlosingmoney.02
A.eventB.ventureC.adventureD.expectation
7.Theshopkeepergaveus_b___weight;wegot9kilosinsteadof10kilos.02
A.scarceB.shortC.lightD.slightshortweight n.重量不足,分量不够,缺斤短两
8.Somepassengerscomplainthatitisusually__b___solongtofillintravelinsurancedocuments.03
A.costsB.takesC.spendsD.spares
9.“Idon’tthinkit’smy___c__thattheTVblewup.Ijustturnediton,that’sall,”saidtheboy.03
A.errorB.mistakeC.faultD.duty
本题检测考生在特定语境中对易混淆名词的辨异与使用能力。
duty则是指责任、义务、该做的事。
很明显与语境不符,故首先排除D;error、mistake和fault都可译作“错误”,但用法不同。
error的使用范围较窄,常指在计算、书写等过程中出现的“差错”;mistake范围较宽,可指各种错误;fault通常指人的“过失,过错”。
全句译作:
“电视爆炸了不是我的过错。
我不过是把它打开了而已。
”
10.Tonyis___d__theguidebook,lookingforinformationaboutJapan,wherewilltravelsoon.03
A.tracingB.skippingC.inspectingD.scanning
11.Hospitalstaffburstintocheersafterdoctorscompleteda20-hoursoperationtohave_b____one-year-oldtwinsatthehead.04
A.isolatedB.separatedC.dividedD.removed
辨析如下:
isolated主要是独立的孤单的有“孤立”的意思
separated和divided都表示“分开”,但是不同点是,divided是指把原本的一个整体分成几部分。
至于D选项,remove是“除去移去”的意思,明显不对
由句意得twins当然是两个独立的个体(虽然由于畸形,有一部分粘连)
所以用seperate
12.Somepeoplelikedirkingcoffee,forithas_b__effects.04
A.promotingB.stimulatingC.enhancingD.encouraging
[巩固与提高]
1.Takemy___d__youngman,anddon’tdrivesofast.DAAAC06-10:
CBCAB
A.emphasisB.noticeC.lessonD.advice
2.Whentherearesmallchildrenaround,itisnecessarytoputbottlesofpillsoutof___a__.
A.reachB.handC.holdD.place
3.Heisreallylikeagentlemanandheusually__a___thedooropentolettheladiesgofirst.
A.holdsB.leavesC.keepsD.makes
手扶着门,让门开着
4.Theyspenttheafternoon___a__blackberriesinthewood.
A.pickingB.selectingC.electingD.gaining
5.Thechildrenarecuriousaboutwho__c___theworld.
A.madeB.formedC.createdD.produced
6.Iheldthelittlebirdinmyhandandfeltitheart__c__.
A.drivingB.strikingC.beatingD.knocking
7.___b__intheblanketinsuchweather,thelittleboykeptcrying.
A.EnclosedB.WrappedC.CoveredD.Banded
8.WhenIsawRosie,Istoppedandsmiledbutshe__c___meandwalkedon.
A.missedB.neglectedC.ignoredD.overlooked
9.Doesanyone___b__theplanswehavemade?
beopposedto
A.opposeB.objectC.denyD.refuse
10.DuringtheGulfWar(海湾战争)in1991,theIraqiarmies___b__heavylosses.
A.receivedB.sufferedC.acceptedD.occurred
11.Wearegoingto___b__ourhousebybuildinganotherroomontoit.BCCDD16-20:
ACDBC
A.increaseB.enlargeC.spreadD.stretch
12.Peoplecanshowtheirpersonalitiesinthecolorsand__c___oftheclothestheychoose.
A.formsB.kindsC.stylesD.types
13.Beinginaleadingposition,onemustbasehisdecisionsonactualfactsinsteadofon__c___likesanddislikes.
A.humanB.privateC.personalD.own
14.Herandownthebeachand__d___intothesea.
A.sankB.headedC.bathedD.plunged
15.Whenwedoagoodjob,theboss___d__uswithspecialgifts.
A.awardedB.offeredC.affordsD.rewards
16.Ifeel___a__ofhisbeingabletobuyanewcar.
A.jealousB.unfairC.greedyD.mean
17.Theboy___c__thatthewalletwashis,andhewastellingthetruth.
A.announcedB.declaredC.claimedD.reported
18.Lucyisagirlwhoishardtoplease.Sheis___d__abouteverything.
A.specialB.especialC.peculiarD.particular
19.Don’tbothermeandtodayIhaveno___b__forjokes.
A.feelingB.moodC.emotionD.sense
20.YesterdayIhadabadtoothacheandIhadtotakesomepillsto__c___thepain.
A.preventB.avoidC.killD.escape
21.WhenIsawRosie,Istoppedandsmiledbutshe___c__meandwalkedon.CBDCC26-30:
BDACD
A.missedB.neglectedC.ignoredD.overlooked
22.Myunclehaslosthiswalletwith3000yuaninit,andIamgoingtosaysomethingto__b___him.
A.releaseB.comfortC.amuseD.entertain
23.Freemedicaltreatmentinthiscountrycoverssicknessofmindaswellas___d__sicknesses.
A.normalB.regularC.averageD.ordinary
24.Accordingtoyesterday’snewspaper,a(n)___c__familyofcityresidentsinthiscountryownsabout80,000yuaninthebanks.
A.generalB.commonC.averageD.usual
25.Mrs.Brownfoundherselflostbecauseshecouldfindno__c___ofthehotelwhenshehadwalkedtwentyminutes.
A.markB.featureC.signD.symbol
26.Themanager__b___oneofthehotelservantsofstealingthemoney.
A.blamedB.accusedC.scoldedD.charged
27.Thishotel___d__$60forasingleroomwithbath.
A.claimsB.demandsC.pricesD.charges
28.Thewatercouldnotflowfreelybecausethepipewas__a___.
A.blockedB.trappedC.loadedD.forced
29.Theship“Titanic”was__c___whenithitintoaniceberg.
A.woundedB.sunkC.wreckedD.failed
30.Everycarortrunkusuallycarriesa(n)__d___wheelwheneveritgoes.备用的
A.additionalB.extraC.extraordinaryD.spare
31.Thegovernmentistryingtodosomethingto__b___betterunderstandingbetweenthetwocountries.
A.raiseB.promoteC.heightenD.increaseBAACA36-40:
BDCAD
32.Lucyseldomtalkstoothersandnooneknowswhyshealways__a___herselffromthepeoplearound.
A.isolatesB.separatesC.preventsD.resists
33.Theactualcostofbuildingwasmuchhigherthanouroriginal_a____.
A.estimate B.plan C.judgment D.consideration
34.Apowerfailurecompletely__c___thecakeshewasbaking.
A.damagedB.weakenedC.spoiledD.injured
35.Inthistimeofeconomicreform,ourstateofmindshouldkeep__a___withtherapidchangesoftheeconomicsystem.
A.pace B.touch C.progress D.step
36.Shewasso__b___inherjobthatshedidn'thearanybodyknockingatthedoor.
A.attractedB.absorbedC.includedD.concentrated
37.AlthoughIliketheappearanceofthehouse,whatreallymademedecidetobuyitwasthebeautiful___d__throughthewindow.
A.visionB.lookC.pictureD.view
38.Howcanyou___c___foryourabsencefromthesymposium(专题讨论会)aboutenvironmentalprotectionthismorning?
A.reason B.excuse C.account D.explain
39.ThoughIknewthesearewordsofLatin__a__,Ididn’tquiteknowtheirmeaningsuntilIlookedthemupinthedictionary.
A.origin B.source C.resource D.way
origin多指起源出身开端强调的是源头例如draculaorigin吸血鬼起源物种起源originofspecies
source多指来源发源之意例如firstsource第一来源sourceofwater水源==
origin是时间上先后的概念-起源source是空间上的先后概念-来源
source和originRP%7M8V){B
_^^k]_2oG
都表示某事的“起源,开端”。
source原指河流的源头,其引申义可用来指某事物的最初来源或出处,在指非物质或无形的事物时尤其如此。
source还常指消息等的“来源,出处”。
origin常译为“起源,发源,起因”,指导致某事物最后出现或形成的因素,或某事物在遥远的空间以外或久远的年代以前的最初形态,常表示某种历史文化现象、风俗习惯的“起源”,有时可译为“起因”。
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__I#+XiXY
!
@9_G9 root_9K4Jg]? _ root的意义是“根源,起因”,它强调导致某事物最终出现的最初的、最根本的、最重要的原因,由此所产生的现象或事物常成为一种外观的产物。 |6_! L\/}M% __[)_t1_" N_R(i3c6U! resource+|zcjI'=_O 主要指一个国家或地区可以取用的“资源,财力,资产”,一般以复数形式出现。 resource也可指人在处理问题时所表现出的“才智,机敏”,此时resource为不可数名词。 p_vYBhTz0 z_65_Q"_A_ : 4/37R(~l8 Literatureisasourceofendlesspleasuretomanythousands.文学是很多人快乐的无尽源泉。 a_yr_C_Lv '|@? R|i0 ~zhP[_qA}) DoyouknowtheoriginofthecustomofgivingpresentsatChristmas? 你知道在圣诞节互赠礼品这一风俗的来源吗? 8C8,Q\WV(~ N;RI___A _q_#\4/Dt_ TherootofthequestionlayintheseizureofthelandofIrelandbytheEnglishrulingclass.这个问题的根源在于英国统治阶级对爱尔兰土地的攫取。 >G}g=zy@ _U#U*_^# OBL_2W_\{ Themortgageisadrainonourfinancialresources.偿还抵押贷款是我们财务上的一大负担。 _]h%~'_8g, 40.Theringhasbeeninmyhusband’sfamilyforthree__d__,soIdecidedtogiveittomydaughter-in-law. A.peopleB.offspringC.childrenD.generations后代,子孙 41.Withouttheaccident,youcouldneverhaveimaginedhis__b___fordealingthedifficultsituation. A.abilityB.capacityC.managementD.capability ability(能力)指智力或体力上的能力,主要指人。 这种能力可能是先天的,也可能是通过学习或锻炼等方法而获得的。 Apilothastheabilitytoflyhisplanethroughastorm.飞行员有驾驶飞机穿过暴风雨的本领。 Heshowsconsiderableabilityinorganization.他表现出相当强的组织能力。 其反义词是: disability,inability,incapability,incapacity capability(能力)意义与ability相同,可指人或物。 复数形式指潜在的能力。 Thetaskisbeyondhiscapabilities.他不能胜任这项任务。 Idontthinkthatboyhasgreatcapabilities.我认为那孩子没有多大潜力。 Thecountryhasthecapabilitytodefeattheaggressor.这个国家有能力击败任何侵略者。 其反义词是: inability,incapability,incompetence capacity(能力)通常指接受能力或容纳能力,既可指人又可指物。 Thechildshowsagreatcapacityforlearninglanguages.这孩子显示出很强的学习语言的能力。 Thisvacuumflaskhasacapacityoffivepounds.这只热水瓶容量为5磅。 其反义词是: incapacity 42.Atlasttherescueteamcame,withonlythreeofthe__b___survivingtheshipwreck.n.全体船员(机务人员)A.groupB.crewC.memberD.crowd 43.The___a__oftheBeijing2008OlympicGamesis“GreenOlympics,High-techOlympicsandPeople’sOlympics.” A.t
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