英语四级考试模拟试题及答案1.docx
- 文档编号:18341015
- 上传时间:2023-08-15
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:27
- 大小:35.40KB
英语四级考试模拟试题及答案1.docx
《英语四级考试模拟试题及答案1.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语四级考试模拟试题及答案1.docx(27页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
英语四级考试模拟试题及答案1
2010年12月英语四级考试模拟试题及答案
(1)
PartIWriting(30minutes)
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:
ToBeaSmallFishinaBigPondoraBigFishinaSmallPond?
Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:
1.在大企业工作的特点
2.在小企业工作的特点
3.我的选择
ToBeaSmallFishinaBigPondoraBigFishinaSmallPond?
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(15minutes)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,mark
Y(forYES)ifthestatementagreeswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage;
N(forNO)ifthestatementcontradictstheinformationgiveninthepassage;
NG(forNOTGIVEN)iftheinformationisnotgiveninthepassage.
Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.
ToSaveTrees,FightingOneAlienInsectwithOthers
Rustyrheasighswistfullyashetalksaboutthebeautyandpeaceofstandingamidagrove(小树林)ofdeepgreenhemlocksinAppalachia,someofthemupto160feet(50meters)tallandmorethan500yearsold.
"Thisisaveryspecialtree,"saidRhea,anentomologistfortheU.S.ForestService'sForestHealthProtectionprograminAsheville,NorthCarolina,"Iwasbroughtuphere,andIdon'twanttoseeanotherspeciesgobythewayside."
Theevergreentrees,ahallmarkofsouthernAppalachia'snationalparks,areunderattackbyaninvasiveinse4ctbarelyvisibletotheeyebutpotentenoughtofellthegiantsoftheeasternUnitedStates'old-growthforests.
AlreadythetinybugfromJapan,knownasthehemlockwoollyadelgid(HWA),haskilledupwardof95percentofthehemlocksinVirginia'sShenandoahNationalPark.Nowtheyaremakingtheirwaythroughthehalf-million-plus-acre(200,000-plus-hectare)GreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkinNorthCarolinaandTennessee.
Thehemlocksshadestreams,keepingwatertemperaturesjustrightforbrooktrout(鲑鱼)andotherfish.Theyalsohousebirdssuchastheblack-throatedgreenwarbler,solitaryvireo,andnortherngoshawk,allthreeofwhichmainlyshelterinstandsofhemlocktrees.
Becauseoftheinsect'sbroadimpactontheentireecosystemofsouthernAppalachia,HWAstandstocausewiderdamagethantheAmericanchestnutblight(枯萎病)oftheearly1900s.ThatfungusfromEuropekilledofftheoncedominantchestnuttreesfromthenortheastUnitedStatestothesouthernAppalachianMountains.
Inaddition,aspeciesrelatedtoHWA,thebalsamwoollyadelgid,hasalreadykilledabout90percentofthematureFraserfirtreesintheSmokies.
ActingQuickly
HWAarrivedintheU.S.PacificNorthwestvianurseryplantsfromJapanin1924.By1951thetinyinvaderhadbeenfoundinVirginia.Sincethentheinsecthasspreadtomorethan15U.S.states.
ThekeytokillingtheHWAistocatchitearlyandactquickly.It'salreadywellestablishedintheGreatSmokyMountains,whereRheaandothersaretryingtostemthespreadofthebugs.
HWAmultiplyquickly:
Alloftheinsectsarefemalesthatreproduceasexually(无性地),layingseveralhundredeggsayear.Whentheygettothenymph,orcrawler,stage,theyaredormantfromaboutJuneuntilOctober,afterwhichtheyemergeandestablishthemselvesontrees.
Windsandbirdsandotheranimalsspreadthecrawlersthroughtheforest.
HWAcrawlersfeedonthenewgrowthofhemlocksbypiercingthetwigsthatholdthebranches,suckingthesap,andinjectingtoxicsaliva.Theneedlesturnfromadeepgreentoagrayishgreenandeventuallydie,deprivingthetreeofnutritionfromphotosynthesis.
Aninfectedtreeusuallydieswithinfiveyearsofinitialattack.Infectionissignaledbyeitherawhite,cottonlikematerialthatappearsalongatree'stwigsorbythe"baldness"ofatree'supperbranches.
PlansofAttack
InthePacificNorthwestthehemlocksseemtobetolerantofthecreatures'feeding,andinthecoldnortheast,wintersseemtokeepthematbay.Butinthewarmsoutheast,withweatherapproximatingthatoftheinsects'nativeAsianhomes,theythrive.
Chemicalsprays-suchasinsecticidalsoapsandhorticulturaloilsaswellastrunkorsoilinjections-havehelpedtokillsomeoftheHWAinfestations.
Butsprayingmustberepeatedeverysixmonths,andinjectionsareexpensiveandlastonlytwoyearsatmost.Thesemethodscan'tbeusedconvenientlyorsafelyinremoteareasornearthestreamswherehemlocksgrowthickly.
Longterm,thebestwaytocontrolthepestsappearstobereleasingotherinsectsthatfeedexclusivelyonHWA.ScientistshavestudiedHWAinJapanandChinaandidentifiedthreesuchspecies.Oneofthem,theSasajiscymnustsugae(St)beetle,wasreleasedinareasofGreatSmokyMountainsNationalParkin2002.
Studyingwhatcontrolsaspeciesinitsnativehabitat-includingclimate,predators,andhostresistance-providedcluesaboutwhichinsectstouseagainstHWA,saidKristineJohnson.BasedinGatlinburg,Tennessee,JohnsonisasupervisoryforesterforGreatSmokyMountainsNationalPark.
"Biologicalcontrolistheonlylong-termhopetosavethetreesinthebackcountry(穷乡僻壤),"shesaid."Wehave800squaremiles(2,100squarekilometers)ofcontiguouswilderness.Wevaluethenativeforest,andit'sentirelyworthdefending."
RiskyBusiness
Releasingonespeciesofnon-nativebugtokillanothercouldberiskybusiness,potentiallycreatinganothertypeofinfestation.ButscientistsfirstquarantinedandstudiedtheHWA-killerinsects.
TheybelievetheStbeetlesarethebestanswertotheHWAproblemandthattheywon'tcausesidedamage.Thistinyblackfemalebeetle,thesizeofapoppyseed,isalreadyspreadingintheGreatSmokyMountains.
ButthebeetleandotherHWA-killerinsectsareseasonal,soitwilltakeseveraldifferentonesoperatingyear-roundtokeepHWAincheck,Rheasaid.Hedoesn'tbelieveHWAwillbecompletelyeradicated(根除)butwillinsteadbekeptinbalancebythepredatorinsects."We'retryingtoinsertabalanceinasystemthat'soutofbalance,"hesaid.
EachStbeetlecanlay200to300eggs,saidErnestBernard,professorofentomologyattheUniversityofTennesseeinKnoxville.
Bernard'slaboratoryisoneofseveralthatarebreedingthebeetles.
"Eachbeetleeatshundredsofbabyadelgidsayear,"hesaid.Andabout120,000ofthebeetleshavebeenreleasedinthepastcoupleyearsintheSmokies,butitisstilltooearlytomeasuretheirimpact.
Onegoodsign,Bernardsaid,isthatsomebeetlelarvae(幼虫)havebeenfoundinareaswheretheywerenotreleased,indicatingthattheHWAkillersmaybereproducingandspreading.
1.Thepassagegivesageneraldescriptionofaninvasiveinsect,HWA.
2.HemlockisahallmarkofsouthernAppalachia'snationalparks.
3.Theinvasiveinsect,knownasthehemlockwoollyadelgid(HWA),isfromJapan.
4.ThekeytokillingtheHWAistocatchitearlyandactquickly.
5.Aninfectedtreeusuallydiesimmediately.
6.TheHemlockintheU.S.willbesavedfromHWAsoon.
7.Thelongterm,bestwaytocontrolthepestsHWAisspraying.
8.Since1951theHWAhasspreadtomorethan________.
9.Releasingonespeciesofnon-nativebugtokillanothercouldcreate________.
10.Itwilltakeseveraldifferentinsectsoperatingyear-roundto________.
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
11.[A]1016.
[B]1060.
[C]508.
[D]580.
12.[A]Fatheranddaughter.
[B]Uncleandniece.
[C]Auntandnephew.
[D]Cousins.
13.[A]Shewasn'tinvited.
[B]Shewasn'treadytocome.
[C]Shealteredherdecision.
[D]Sheforgottheinvitation.
14.[A]Thedoorneedsrepairing.
[B]Hehadlostallhiskeys.
[C]Hecouldn'topenthedoor.
[D]Hewantedthewomantohelphim.
15.[A]She'sratherhappytohearso.
[B]She'sdisappointedtohearso.
[C]She'sunhappytohearso.
[D]She'ssurprisedtohearso.
16.[A]Hethoughtitwasagoodcar.
[B]Hethoughtitwastoonoisy.
[C]Hethoughttherewassomethingwrongwiththecar.
[D]Hdidn'tlikeit.
17.[A]Inacar.
[B]Inatrain.
[C]Inaship.
[D]Inaplane.
18.[A]She'llgototheconcert.
[B]She'llhaveameeting.
[C]She'llwatchherneighbor'schildren.
[D]She'llvisitherneighbor.
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.
19.[A]Theearlyhistoryofbookbinding.
[B]Howoldbooksbecomevaluable.
[C]Economicalwaystoprotectoldbooks.
[D]Whysomebooksdecay.
20.[A]Theyareoftenhandledimproperlybyreaders.
[B]Thepaperisdestroyedbychemicals.
[C]Theinkusedinprintingdamagesthepaper.
[D]Theglueusedinthebindinglosesitsstrength.
21.[A]Theyaredifficulttoread.
[B]Theyareslowlyfallingapart.
[C]Theywerenotmadefromwoodpulp.
[D]Theyshouldbestoredinacoldplace.
22.[A]Getsomebooksforthemantolookat.
[B]Askthemantolookoverhernotes.
[C]Continueherresearchinthelibrary.
[D]Findmoreinf
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语四 考试 模拟 试题 答案