lesson5 助动词 should 和 must.docx
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lesson5 助动词 should 和 must.docx
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lesson5助动词should和must
一.本课要点及示例
在这一课里,我们要学习的是助动词should,s-h-o-u-l-d,should跟must, m-u-s-t,must的用法.我们也要看看这两个助动词的否定式shouldnot 也就是shouldn't和mustnot也就是mustn't在意思上跟don'thaveto 这个词组有什么分别.
首先我还是请两位英文老师给你念一段对话,请你注意听英文老师的发 音和声调.
F:
Peter,canyouhelpmeforaminute?
M:
Yes,whatdoyouwantmetodo?
F:
Willyoutakethegarbageout?
M:
DoIhavetodoitnow?
F:
Well,youdon'thavetoitnow.Butdon'tforgettodoittoday.
M:
Allright.Ireallymustgonow;otherwiseI'llbelateforschool.
F:
Youhaveanexamthismorning,don'tyou?
Youmustn'tbelate.Maybeyoushouldask yourfatherforaride.
好,现在我们再把刚才那段对话用慢速度念一遍,请你注意听:
F:
Peter,canyouhelpmeforaminute?
M:
Yes,whatdoyouwantmetodo?
F:
Willyoutakethegarbageout?
M:
DoIhavetodoitnow?
F:
Well,youdon'thaveto.Butdon'tforgettodoittoday.
M:
Allright.Ireallymustgonow;otherwiseI'llbelateforschool.
F:
Youhaveanexamthismorning,don'tyou?
Youmustn'tbelate.Maybeyoushouldask yourfatherforaride.
在彼得跟他母亲的这段对话里,有几个句子用了我们今天要学的助动词 should,must跟它们的否定式shouldn't,mustn't还有haveto跟don't haveto这两个词组,现在我请老师把包含了这些词的句子用慢速度再念 一遍给你听:
M:
DoIhavetodoitnow?
F:
Youdon'thaveto.
M:
Ireallymustgonow.
F:
Youmustn'tbelate.Maybeyoushouldaskyourfatherforaride.
二.SHOULD
好了,现在该作练习了.首先我们来学怎么用should.这个字是用来劝告 别人应该做些什么事.比方有一句话:
"天冷了,你应该穿毛衣,"这句话,你 可以这样说:
It'scold.Youshouldwearasweater.
好,现在我们给你多举一些例子.每个句子我们念两遍,请你听一遍,跟着 重复一遍.
M:
It'scold.Youshouldwearasweater.
F:
It'scold.Youshouldwearasweater.
M:
Peterislate.Heshouldaskhisfatherforaride.
F:
Peterislate.Heshouldaskhisfatherforaride.
M:
Henryisheavy.Heshouldgetinshapeagain.
F:
Henryisheavy.Heshouldgetinshapeagain.
M:
Kateishungry.Sheshouldeatsomething.
F:
Kateishungry.Sheshouldeatsomething.
M:
Yourroomismessy.Youshouldcleanitup.
F:
Yourroomismessy.Youshouldcleanitup.
好,现在我们换一个方式作练习,先由老师说一句话,比方:
"下雨了!
"It's raining.接着老师给你一个词组:
"带雨伞"carryanumbrella请你用 should这个字来完成句子,所以答案就是:
"下雨了,你应该带雨伞".It's raining.Youshouldcarryanumbrella.好,现在我们开始练习.在你作完 句子之后,请注意听正确的答案.
M:
Peterisagoodplayer.
M:
jointheteam
F:
peterisagoodplayer.Heshouldjointheteam.
M:
Henryistired.
M:
takearest
F:
Henryistired.Heshouldtakearest.
M:
Kateisthirsty.
M:
haveaglassofwater.
F:
Kateisthirsty.Sheshouldhaveaglassofwater.
M:
Yourshirtisdirty.
M:
changeintoacleanone
F:
Yourshirtisdirty.Youshouldchangeintoacleanone.
M:
It'sraining.
M:
carryanumbrella
F:
It'sraining.Youshouldcarryanumbrella.
刚才那组练习你都作对了吗?
下面我们来练习should的否定式should not.这两个字可以简缩为shouldn't,意思就是劝人不要做什么事.我们 作的是换字练习.老师先念一句话,接着老师给你一个新的词组,请你 把新的词组代换到原来的句子里.每作完一句,就请你听正确答案.
M:
Youshouldn'tspendsomuchmoney.
M:
drinksomuchcoffee
F:
Youshouldn'tdrinksomuchcoffee.
M:
buysomanyrecords
F:
Youshouldn'tbuysomanyrecords.
M:
gotosomanymovies
F:
Youshouldn'tgotosomanymovies.
M:
drivesofast
F:
Youshouldn'tdrivesofast.
三.MUST
下面我们来学另外一个助动词must.这个字表示必须作某件事情,没有 其他选择.比方有一句话:
"亨利要上飞机了,他非有飞机票不可",这句 话英文可以这么说:
Henryisgoingonanairplane.Hemusthaveaticket.
现在我们给你多举一些例子.每个句子我们还是念两遍,还是请你听一 遍,重复一遍.
M:
Henryisgoingonanairplane.Hemusthaveaticket.
F:
Henryisgoingonanairplane.Hemusthaveaticket.
M:
Kateisgoingtoaformalparty.Shemustwearadress.
F:
Kateisgoingtoaformalparty.Shemustwearadress.
M:
Lindaisgoingtobuyarecord.Shemustsavesomemoney.
F:
Lindaisgoingtobuyarecord.Shemustsavesomemoney.
M:
Maryhasanexamtomorrow.Shemuststudyhard.
F:
Maryhasanexamtomorrow.Shemuststudyhard.
M:
Peterhasaclassat7o'clock.Hemustgetupearly.
F:
Peterhasaclassat7o'clock.Hemustgetupearly.
M:
Susandoesn'thaveacar.Shemustgotoherjobbytrain.
F:
Susandoesn'thaveacar.Shemustgotoherjobbytrain.
must的否定式是mustnot,也可以简缩为mustn't.这个词是用来表示一定 不应该作的事.下面这组练习内容都是说彼得在上课的时候不应该作的一 些事.由老师先念一个句子:
petermustn'tsleepinclass.接着老师念一个 新词组:
eatlunch.请你用新词组把原来的句子改为:
Petermustn'teatlunch inclass.好,现在我们开始作换字练习.每作完一句就请你听正确答案.
M:
Petermustn'tsleepinclass.
M:
eatlunch
F:
Petermustn'teatlunchinclass.
M:
talk
F:
Petermustn'ttalkinclass.
M:
smoke
F:
Petermustn'tsmokeinclass.
M:
writeletters
F:
Petermustn'twritelettersinclass.
M:
lookoutofwindow
F:
Petermustn'tlookoutofwindowinclass.
M:
listentotheradio
F:
Petermustn'tlistentotheradioinclass.
四.HAVETO
刚才我们学习了两个助动词should和must,还有它们的否定式shouldn't 和mustn't,现在我们来学习另外一个意思跟must相同的词组haveto.这 个词组也是用来表示非作某件事不可.比方有一句话:
"你非得清理院子 吗?
"英文可以这样说:
Doyouhavetocleantheyard?
另外一句话:
"你非 得工作挣零用钱吗?
"英文可以这样说:
Doyouhavetoworktoearnyour allowance?
好,现在我们来练习这类句子.由老师念一个句子,然后老师给你一个新词 组,请你用这个新词组作换字练习.作完一句就听正确答案.
M:
Doyouhavetocleantheyard?
M:
practiceeveryday
F:
Doyouhavetopracticeeveryday?
M:
gotothesupermarket
F:
Doyouhavetogotothesupermarket?
M:
washthedishes
F:
Doyouhavetowashthedishes?
M:
changeyourclothes
F:
Doyouhavetochangeyourclothes?
M:
worktoearnyourallowance
F:
Doyouhavetoworktoearnyourallowance?
凡是陈述句的主词是第三人称"他"的时候,就应该用hasto.下面我们要 练习这类句子.老师先用does,d-o-e-s,does开头作问句,请你用hasto来 回答问题.作完一句还是请你听正确答案.
M:
DoeshehavetogotoNewYork?
F:
Yes,hehastogotoNewYork.
M:
Doeshehavetocleanuphisroom?
F:
Yes,hehastocleanuphisroom.
M:
Doesshehavetotakethebus?
F:
Yes,shehastotakethebus.
M:
Doesshehavetodropthiscourse?
F:
Yes,shehastodropthiscourse.
haveto的否定式don'thaveto跟hasto的否定式doesn'thaveto都可以 用来表示不一定非得作某件事,而有其他选择.在下面一组练习里,我们 要多学学这类句子.每个句子我们还是念两遍,还是请你听一遍,重复一
遍:
M:
Idon'thavetobuyrecords.Icanlistentotheradio.
F:
Idon'thavetobuyrecords.Icanlistentotheradio.
M:
Youdon'thavetogotothemovies.Youcanstayhomeandwatchtelevision.
F:
Youdon'thavetogotothemovies.Youcanstayhomeandwatchtelevision.
M:
Wedon'thavetotakethetrain.Wecantakethebus.
F:
Wedon'thavetotakethetrain.Wecantakethebus.
M:
Theydon'thavetodrinkcoffee.Theycandrinktea.
F:
Theydon'thavetodrinkcoffee.Theycandrinktea.
M:
Hedoesn'thavetowearawhiteshirt.Hecanwearablueone.
F:
Hedoesn'thavetowearawhiteshirt.Hecanwearablueone.
M:
Shedoesn'thavetocook.Shecangoouttoeat.
F:
Shedoesn'thavetocook.Shecangoouttoeat.
五.听短文回答问题
首先还是请你听一段文章,内容是说彼得跟琳达兄妹两个人应该帮着作 些什么家事才能每星期拿零用钱.
现在请你注意听:
EveryweekPeterandLindareceivefivedollarsfromtheirparents.Thismoneyistheirweeklyallowance.Itisnotagift.PeterandLindamustworkforthefamilytoearnthemoney.Petertakesoutthegarbageandcleanstheyardaroundthehouse.Heshoulddoiteveryday,butsometimesheforgets.Lindahelpshermotherwiththecooking.Shealsowashesthedishesafterdinner.PeterandLindadon'thavetousetheirmoneyforfood.Theyuseitfortheirentertainment.Sometimestheygotothemovies.Sometimestheybuyrecords.Eachweektheysavesomeoftheirmoneytobuysomethingmoreexpensive.
刚才那段文章你听懂了多少?
文章里包含了今天教的语法,你是不是注意 到了?
等一会儿我们会把整段文章再念一遍.现在我们把今天测验的三个 问题先念一遍给你听.
第一个问题是:
M:
WhatshouldPeterdotoearnhisweeklyallowance?
第二个问题是:
M:
DoesLindahavetouseherallowanceforfood?
下面是第三个问题:
M:
HowdoPeterandLindaspendtheirmoney?
好了,现在我们再把刚才那段文章用慢速度念一遍给你听,请你特别注意 刚才那三个问题的答案.
EveryweekPeterandLindareceivefivedollarsfromtheirparents.Thismoneyistheirweeklyallowance.Itisnotagift.PeterandLindamustworkforthefamilytoearnthemoney.Petertakesoutthegarbageandcleanstheyardaroundthehouse.Heshoulddoiteveryday,butsometimesheforgets.Lindahelpshermotherwiththecooking.Shealsowashesthedishesafterdinner.PeterandLindadon'thavetousetheirmoneyforfood.Theyuseitfortheirentertainment.Sometimestheygotothemovies.Sometimestheybuyrecords.Eachweektheysavesomeoftheirmoneytobuysomethingmoreexpensive.
现在要请你回答今天测验的三个问题.在你回答以后,请你听老师说 正确答案,看你答对了没有.
下面是第一个问题:
M:
WhatshouldPeterdotoearnhisweeklyallowance?
F:
Heshouldtakeoutthegarbageandcleantheyardaroundthehouse.
第二个问题是:
M:
DoesLindahavetouseherallowanceforfood?
F:
No,shedoesn'thavetouseherallowanceforfood.
现在请你回答第三个问题:
M:
HowdoPeterandLindaspendtheirmoney?
F:
Sometimestheygotothemovies.Sometimestheybuyrecords.
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