考研英语大纲附录12后缀常用词汇.docx
- 文档编号:18328174
- 上传时间:2023-08-15
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:17
- 大小:124.24KB
考研英语大纲附录12后缀常用词汇.docx
《考研英语大纲附录12后缀常用词汇.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《考研英语大纲附录12后缀常用词汇.docx(17页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
考研英语大纲附录12后缀常用词汇
2015考研英语大纲附录1、2后缀常用词汇
常用的前缀和后缀,部分国家(或地区)、语言、国民及国籍表,洲名及常见缩写词
一、常用的前缀和后缀1、常用前缀aero-:
concerningtheairofaircraftplane-aeroplane飞机space-aerospace航空空间anti-:
against;oppositeofnuclear-antinuclear反对核武器的matter-antimatter反物质war-antiwar反战的auto-:
oforbyoneselfbiography传记–autobiography自传criticism批评-autocriticism自我反省be-:
totreatasthestatedthingfriend-befriend以朋友的方式对待;照顾little-belittle使显得微小,轻视、贬低bi-:
two;twice;doublelingual-bilingual双语的;人cycle-bicyclebio-:
concerninglivingthingschemistry-biochemistry生化sphere-biosphere生物圈by-,bye-:
lessimportantproduce-by-produceway-byway偏僻小路;学科的次要领域,冷门centi-:
hundredthpartgrade-centigrade?
摄氏meter-centimeter厘米co-:
together,withauthor-coauthor合著者,合著exist-coexist同时共存、和平共处
col-:
(usedbeforel)together,withlocation-collocation排列,配置,词的搭配com-:
(usedbeforeb,m,p)together,withpassion-compassion怜悯、同情con-:
together,withcentric-concentric同一中心的、同轴federation-confederation结盟同盟,联邦contra-:
oppositediction-contradiction矛盾、否定反驳natural-contranatural违背自然的cor-:
(usedbeforer)together,withrelate-correlate有相关性respond-correspond相符合相一致,相当类似通信counter-:
opposite
act-counteract对抗、抵消attack-counterattack反攻、反击
cross-:
across;goingbetweenthestatedthingsandjoiningthemcountry-crosscountry越野的breed-crossbreed杂种,使杂交de-:
showinganopposite;toremove;toreducecode-decode译码、解码、分析电子信号value-devalue贬值,贬低dis-:
not;theoppositeofadvantage-disadvantage不利、劣势、短处agree-disagree不同意、不一致、不适合honest-dishonest不诚实、不老实
em-:
(usedbeforeb,m,p)tocausetobecome
body-embody表现、象征;warn-forewarn预先警告;包括、包含事先告知power-empower授权、准il-:
(usedbeforel)not
许
en-:
tocausetobecome;tomakedanger-endanger危及、使遭受危险large-enlarge扩大、扩充放大
ex-:
former(andstillliving)minister-ex-ministerv辅助;服侍,部长wife-ex-wife前妻extra-:
outside;beyondcurricular-extracurricular学校课程以外的ordinary-extraordinary奇怪;特别;额外,临时fore-:
inadvance,before;inoratthefrontarm-forearm前臂,预先武装
legal-illegal非法literate-illiterate目不识丁、文盲的im-:
(usedbeforeb,m,p)notmoral-immoral不道德、邪恶;放荡的possible-impossible不可能、办不到的;很难接受in-:
notdirect-indirect间接地,婉转的
sensitive-insensitive感觉迟钝,不友好的;麻木infra-:
belowinarange;beyondred-infrared红外线的structure—infrastructure基础设施,基础结构inter-:
between;amongchange—interchange互
into
换、互易;交替变换national—international际的intra-:
inside,within;city—intracity市内的department--intra-departmentir-:
(usedbeforer)notregular—irregular不对称、不规则的;不定期的responsible—irresponsible不负责kilo-:
thousandgram—kilogram千
meter--kilometer千米large,
particularpartsofeconomics—macroeconomics宏观经济学
structure—macrostructure宏观结构
mal-:
badorbadlyfunction—malfunction故障,障碍
computer—microcomp微机
stan
treat—maltreat虐待、滥用micro-:
extremelysmalluterelectronics—microelectronics微电子学mid-:
middleday—midday中午night—midnight午夜mini-:
small;shortbus—minibus小汽车skirt—miniskirt超短裙mis-:
badorbadly;wrongorwronglyfortune—misfortune幸,厄运;灾难、灾祸understand—misunderd误会误解mono-:
one;singleplane—monoplane单翼机tone—monotone单调的multi-:
morethanone;
manypurpose—multipurpose种用途的,多目标national—multinational国的,跨国公司non-:
notresident--non(-)resident〉①不住在某地的②(指工作)不要求任职者住在工作地点的;不住在旅馆等中的sense—nonsense胡说,无聊的事物out-:
outside;beyondlive--outlive比(某人)长寿;活到(某事)已被遗忘door—outdoor户外的露天over-:
toomuch;above;additionalhead--overhead离地面的;头顶上的;上空的,架空的time--overtime超出的时间;额外的时间费
poly-:
many
centric—polycentric多中心的
syllabic—polysyllabic多音节的
post-:
laterthan;aftergraduate—postgraduate研究生的,生war—postwar战后的pre-:
before;inadvancepay—prepay预付war—prewar战前的,前
在战
pro-:
infavorof,supportingAmerica--pro-Americaabortion--pro-abortion产pseudo-:
notreal;falsename—pseudonym假化名;笔名
名,
science—pseudoscience伪科学
re-:
again;backtothe
formerstate分
unite—reunite重聚,再联section--subsection分部,分合段,小部分,小单位,细分
super-:
more,larger,
buthas
the
less
use—reuse再用self-:
bymeansofoneselforitself;of,to,with,for,orinoneselforitselfemployed--self-employedtaught--self-taughtsemi-:
half;partlycircle—semicircle半圆形final—semifinal半决赛step-:
notbybirththroughaparentwhoremarriedmother—stepmother继母children—stepchildren子sub-:
under,below;important;partofstatedbiggerwholedivide—subdivide再分,细greaterthanusualmarket—supermarketnatural—supernatural自然的,超自然的现象tele-:
atoroveradistance;byortelevision
超市
超
long
for
communication—telecommunication电信screen--telescreentherm(o)-:
concerning
heat
chemistry--thermochemistr
温度
ymeter—thermometer计trans-:
across,onortotheothersideof;betweenAtlantic-transatlantic电视屏幕,荧光屏plant-transplant移植
tri-:
three;threetimesangular-triangular三角cycle-tricycle三轮车,机器三轮车
belowchairman-vice-chairman副委员长president-vice-president副
2.常用后缀
(1)名词后缀-ability,-ibility能力able-abilityflexible-flexibility弹性,适应性,机动性,挠性-age时期post-postage邮费,邮资short-shortage不足-alarrive-arrival到达,抵达;物refuse-refusal拒绝-an,-ian,-arian员;人library-librarianmusic-musician-ance,-enceappear-appearancerefer-reference人-ancy,-encyemerge-emergency紧急情况expect-expectancy期望
-ant,-ent人apply-applicant申请求职人
correspond-correspondent
通信员记者
-cyaccurate-accuratcy精确的,准确
private-praivit]privacy?
隐居,独处私事,隐私-dom
king-kingdom国王,界,领域
free-freedom自由,自主权-ee人employ-employee雇工interview-interviewee面谈者;被接见者-er,-or,-ar人paint-painterbeg-beggar乞丐-ery行为;身份、制度
接受
brave-bravery
slave-slavery奴隶身份制
度
socialist-socialism
-ese人
-ist人
China-Chinaese
Japan-Japanese-ess人actor-actresswaiter-waitress
-ful量
hand-handful一把少数spoon-spoonful一匙的量-hoodchild-childhoodman-manhood成年,期;男子气概
-ics学科electron-electronicslinguist言学家-linguistics语言学
-ion,-ition,-ation物collect-collectionobserve-observation
-ism主义
Marx-Marxism
psychiatry-psychiatrist
violin-violinist-ity,-tycruel-cruelty残忍,残酷pure-purity纯,纯洁,洁净
纯正,
-mentmove-movementretire--retirement增加;发展,扩大
dark--darknesshappy--happiness-ologyclimate—climatology学
气候
future—futurology未来学-ship关系friend—friendship友情、友谊scholar学者—scholarship学问学识,奖学金
popularize
-sion,-ssion物decide--decisionexpand--expansion
-th
grow--growth增加;发展,扩大
wide--width宽度,阔度,广度
-ure状态
close—closure停业、关闭expose—exposure暴露曝光
(2)动词前缀
-en
deep--deepen变深,加深fast--fasten系紧,拴牢-ify
class--classify分类;归类simple—simplify简化-ize,-ise使⋯怎么样modern--modernize/
modernize
popular--popularize/
(3)形容词后缀Japan--Japanese
-able,-ible的-free无..的
suit--suitablecare--carefree
-ful
care--careful
question--questionable可疑duty--duty-free的;有疑问的-alnature--natural
持的,
structure--structural-an,-arian,-iansuburb--suburbanCanada—Canadian人-ant,-ent的differ--differentplease--pleasant-ary,-ory的advise--advisorycustom--customary-ateconsider--consideratefortune--fortunate-en的gold--goldenwood--wooden-ese的,人China--Chinesepain--painful-ic,-ical的atom—atomic原子的psychology—psychological心理学的-ish的girl--girlish女孩子(似)的,少女的child--childish孩子的子气的,孩子所特有的-ive
create--creative创造性的,有创造力的support--supportive支拥护的;赞助的-less无⋯的hope--hopeless不抱希望的,绝望的
pain--painlessguilt-guilty内疚的;有罪的
-likenoise-noisy嘈杂的;喧闹的
child--childlike孩子似的,天真烂漫的(4)副词后缀
lady--ladylike风度雍容如贵妇的,温雅的
-ly的
man—manly刚强的
month—monthly一月的月刊
-ous,-ious的danger--dangerouspoison--poisonous
-some
tire--tiresome令人生厌的trouble--troublesome引起麻烦的,令人讨厌的,令人烦恼的
-ward向⋯的
down--downward向下的,往下的
up--upward
-y的
-ly
easy-easily容易地,不费力地
heavy-heavily严重地;大量地
-ward,-wardseast-eastward(s)向东north-northward(s)
-wiseclock-clockwise顺时针方向的
other-otherwise除此之外,否则
二、部分国家(或地区)、语言、国名及国籍表国家(或地区)语言国民国籍
America美国
AmericanAmerican
Australia澳大利亚
AustralianAustralian
Brazil巴西Brazilian
Brazilian
Britain英国人EnglishBritonBritish
Canada加拿大CanadianCanadian
China中国ChineseChinese
Egypt埃及EgyptianEgyptianEngland英国English
EnglishmanEnglish
France法国French
FrenchmanFrench
Germany德国GermanGermanGerman
Greece希腊GreekGreekGreek
India印度Indian
Indian
Ireland爱尔兰Irish
IrishmanIrish
Israel以色列Israeli
Israeli
Italy意大利Italian
ItalianItalian
Japan日本JapaneseJapaneseJapanese
TheNetherlandsDutch
DutchmanDutch
NewZealand新西兰
Zealander
Portugal
Portuguese
Portuguese
Russia俄国
RussianRussian
New
Russian
ttish
Scotland苏格兰ScScotsmanScots,ScottiSpain西班牙Spanish
SpaniardSpanishSweden瑞典
Swedish
SwedishSwedishSwitzerland瑞士Swiss
Swiss
Welsh
Wales威尔士
Welshman
Welsh
三、洲名
名词
Africa非洲America美洲Antarctica南极洲
Asia亚洲Australia澳洲Europe欧洲
NorthAmerica北美洲Oceania大洋洲
SouthAmerica南美洲形容词
African非洲的American美洲的Antarctic南极洲的Asian亚洲的Australian澳洲的European欧洲的NorthAmerican北美洲的Oceanic大洋洲的SouthAmerican南美洲的
二月
Mar.
March
三月
Apr
April
四月
May
五月
Jun.
June
六月
Jul.
July
七月
Sep.,Sept.
September
九月
Oct.
October
十月
Nov.
November
十一月
Dec.
December
十二月
四、常见缩写词
Jan.January一月
Feb.February
Mon.
Monday
星期一
Tues
Tuesday
星期二
Wed,Weds星期三Thurs星期四
Wednesday
Thursday
Fri.
Friday
星期五
Sat.
Saturday
星期六
Sun.
Sunday
星期日
BC,B.C.
before
Christ
公元
前
BS,
BSc
Bachelor
ofScience理
科学士
C°
Centigrade
摄氏度
cc
cubic
centimeter
立方厘米
CD
compactdisk
光盘,激光唱片
cf.
confer(=compare)试比较;参看cmcentimeter厘米Co公司c/o由⋯转交cp.比较
company
careof
compare
dept.,Dept.Department部,司,局,系Dr,Dr.doctor
博士;医生e.g.exempli
gratia(=forexample)例如
esp.
Especially
尤
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 考研 英语 大纲 附录 12 后缀 常用 词汇