英语高一英语阅读理解试题经典及解析.docx
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英语高一英语阅读理解试题经典及解析.docx
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英语高一英语阅读理解试题经典及解析
【英语】高一英语阅读理解试题经典及解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Everycountrymayhavetoconsiderwhat,ifanything,todoabout"globalwarming".Weshouldunderstandthattheoft-repeatedclaimthatnearlyallscientistsdemandthatsomethingdramaticbedonetostopglobalwarmingisnottrue.
Perhapsthemostinconvenientfactisthelackofglobalwarmingforwellover10yearsnow.Thisisknowntothewarmingestablishment,asonecanseefromthe2009"Climategate"emailofclimatescientistKevinTrenberth:
"Thefactisthatwecan'taccountforthelackofwarmingatthemomentanditisanironythatwecan't."Butthewarmingisonlymissingifonebelievescomputermodelswhereso-calledfeedbackinvolvingwatervaporandcloudsgreatlyamplifiesthesmalleffectofCO2.ThefactisthatCO2isnotapollutantanditisakeycomponentofthebiosphere(生物圈)'slifecycle.PlantsgetbettergrowthwithmoreofitandpartoftheincreaseofagriculturalyieldsinthepastcenturycertainlycamefromadditionalCO2intheatmosphere.
Althoughthenumberofthescientistswhoarepubliclyopposedtotheclaimisgrowing,manyyoungscientistssecretlysaythatwhiletheyalsohaveseriousdoubtsabouttheglobal-warmingmessage,theyareafraidtospeakupforfearofnotbeingpromotedorworse.
Whyistheresomuchpassionaboutglobalwarming?
Thereareseveralreasons,butagoodplacetostartistheoldquestion"Cuibono?
",orthemodernupdate,"Followthemoney".Alarmism(危言耸听)overclimateisofgreatbenefittomany,providinggovernmentfundingforacademicresearch,andthusthosepeoplewhobenefitfromthisfiercelydefendedtheirdogma(信条)andtheprivilegesitbroughtthem.
Everycountryshouldsupportrational(合理的)measurestoprotectandimproveourenvironment,butitmakesnosenseatalltobackexpensiveprogramsthatturnawayresourcesfromrealneedsandarebasedonalarmingbutshakyclaimsof"incontrovertible"evidence.
(1)Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'sopiniononglobalwarming?
A. Globalwarminghasn'thappenedinthelatest10years.
B. Globalwarminghasbecomeanurgentproblemtheseyears.
C. Globalwarminghasworsenedalittlebitintherecentyears.
D. Globalwarminghasneverhappenedsincemeasuresweretaken.
(2)WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutCO2doesthewriterprobablyagreewith?
A. CO2greatlyaffectstheglobalwarming.
B. CO2makescropsmoreproductive.
C. CO2involveswatervaporandclouds.
D. CO2isthemostimportantpartofthebiosphere.
(3)Whyistheresomuchpassionforglobalwarming?
A. Becauseitisagoodchanceforyoungscientiststobepromoted.
B. Becausethescientistswanttohaveaninsightintotheproblem.
C. Becausethegovernmentvaluestheproblemandtriestosolveit.
D. Becausesomepeoplecangreatlybenefitfromtheresearchaboutit.
(4)What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardtheprogramstoprotectandimproveourenvironment?
A. Tosupportalltheprogramsaslongastheyarebeneficial.
B. Tosupportcheapprogramsinsteadofexpensiveones.
C. Tosupporttheprogramsthatarenecessaryandreliable.
D. Tosupportthoseprogramsthatuselessmoneyandresources.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)B
(3)D
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,论述的是“关于地球的变暖。
”每个国家都可能不得不考虑“全球变暖”的问题。
我们应该明白,经常重复的说法是,几乎所有的科学家都要求采取一些引人注目的措施来阻止全球变暖,这是不正确的。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“Perhapsthemostinconvenientfactisthelackofglobalwarmingforwellover10yearsnow.”可知,我们能从作者对全球变暖的观点中推断出“在最近的10年里,全球变暖并没有发生。
”故选A。
(2考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“PlantsgetbettergrowthwithmoreofitandpartoftheincreaseofagriculturalyieldsinthepastcenturycertainlycamefromadditionalCO2intheatmosphere.”可知,关于“二氧化碳使作物更多产。
”陈述可能是作者同意的。
故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“thusthosepeoplewhobenefitfromthisfiercelydefendedtheirdogma(信条)andtheprivilegesitbroughtthem.”可知,对全球变暖有如此多的热情是因为有些人可以从这项研究中获益良多。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的“Everycountryshouldsupportrational(合理的)measurestoprotectandimproveourenvironment,butitmakesnosenseatalltobackexpensiveprogramsthatturnawayresourcesfromrealneeds”可知,作者对保护和改善环境的计划的态度是支持那些必要和可靠的项目。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇环保类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
ThisismysonMatthew'slastnightathomebeforecollege.Iknowthatthisisgoodnews.IfeelproudthatMatthewwillgotoagreatschool.Iknowthatthisisfinesthour.ButlookingatthesuitcasesonhisbedsendsmeoutoftheroomtoahiddencornerwhereIcan'tstopcrying.
Throughthesorrow,Ifeelarisingembarrassment."Pullyourselftogether!
"Itellmyself.Thereareparentssendingtheirkidsofftobattlezones.HowdareIfeelsoshockedandupset?
Oneofthegreatgiftsofmylifehasbeenhavingmyboys,MatthewandJohnowen.Throughthem,Ihaveexploredthemysterious,complicatedbondbetweenfathersandsons.AsmywifeandIraisedthem,Ihavediscoveredtheloveandlossbetweenmyfatherandme.Aftermyparents'divorce,IspentweekendswithmydadinOhio.BythetimeSundaycamearound,Iwasunabletoenjoytheday'sactivitiesbecauseIwasalreadyafraidofthegoodbyeoftheevening.
Now,standingamongMatthew'saccumulationofpossessions,Irealizeit'smewhohasbecomeaboyagain.Allmysadnessandlongingtoholdontothingsareback,sweepingovermeastheydidwhenIwasachild.
Hisbedistidyandspare.Italreadyhasthefeelofaguestbed.InmymindIreplaywrappinghiminhisfavoriteblanket.Thatwasournightlyroutineuntiloneeveninghesaid,"Daddy,Idon'tthinkIneedablankettonight."Ithinkofallthetimeswelayamongthecoversreading.IlookatthebedandthinkofalltherecenttimesIwasannoyedathowlatehewassleeping.I'llneverhavetoworryaboutthatagain,Irealize.
Forhispart,Matthewhasbeenarock.Heistreatinghisleavingasjustanotherdayattheoffice.AndI'mglad.Afterall,someone'sgottobestrong.I'mproudthatheischargingintothefirstchapterofhisadultlifewithsuchconfidence.
(1)Whatdoesthewritermeanby"Pullyourselftogether!
"?
A. Getup.
B. Cheerup.
C. Pullup.
D. Wakeup.
(2)Wecaninferfromthepassagethat___________.
A. thewriterisaccustomedtosleepingearly
B. Matthewdoesn'tgetonwellwithhisfather
C. Matthewisreadyforhisnewlife
D. thewriterwasn'tbraveenoughtofacehisparents'divorce
(3)Howdoesthewriterfeelabouthisson'sleavingforcollege?
A. Worried.
B. Grateful.
C. Relieved.
D. Bittersweet.
(4)Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleofthetext?
A. UnavoidableGoodbye
B. SweetMemories
C. GloriousMoment
D. UnconditionalLove
【答案】
(1)B
(2)C
(3)D
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,作者的儿子即将去上大学,作者很不放心,感觉自己很孤独,同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。
作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路,也是父子俩不可避免的分离。
(1)考查词义猜测。
根据第二段中的“Thereareparentssendingtheirkidsofftobattlezones.HowdareIfeelsoshockedandupset?
”有父母还把他们的孩子送去战场,我怎么能如此震惊和心烦呢?
由此推断出作者是在安慰自己,高兴起来,故选B。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“I'mproudthatheischargingintothefirstchapterofhisadultlifewithsuchconfidence.”可知作者为自己儿子自信的开启成人生活的第一篇章,感到自豪,由此推断出Matthew对他的新生活做好了准备,故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
通过阅读文章可知,作者的儿子去上大学,作者很不放心,感觉自己很孤独,同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲,由此推知作者对于儿子上大学,苦乐参半,故选D。
(4)考查主旨大意。
这篇文章讲了作者的儿子即将去上大学,作者很不放心,感觉自己很孤独,同时又为自己的儿子感到骄傲。
作者明白这是儿子成长道路上的必经之路,也是父子俩不可避免的分离,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断,词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Osaka,Japan—DefendingchampionsChinaliftedtheFIVBWomen'sVolleyballWorldCuptrophy(奖杯)withperfect11straightwinsaftereasingpastArgentina3-0hereonSunday.Withtheireleventhwinatthe2019FIVBVolleyballWomen'sWorldCup,ChinawontheFIVBWomen'sVolleyballWorldCup.
Thisyear,theWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferentcities,andTeamChinahadtrainingsessionsevenontravelingdayswhensomeparticipatingteamschosetorestupafteratiringflight."CoachLangfocusesondetailsofthetechniqueinthetrainingsessions,andIfeelourteamhasbecomemorebalanced."CaptainZhuTingsaid.ThisfirmapproachexplainshowChinamanagedtoturnthetableagainsttheUnitedStatesattheWorldCup.Neverquit,especiallyinadversity.That'swhatthespiritofChinesewomen'svolleyballmeans.
Whentheteamstruggled,Zhuwasalwaysthere,doingwhateverwasneededtocarrytheteamforward.That'swhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon,justlike"IronHammer"Lang.AsforLang,shetookovertheflagfromherformercoachYuanWeimin,whowasbehindChina'sriseinthebeginning.FromcoachYuantocoachLang,andspiker(主攻手)LangtospikerZhu,theflagbearersmayhavechangedovertime,butthecravingforchampionshipsandthesteelydesireanddeterminationremainthesame.
Volleyballisateamsportandbehindtheon-courtteamthereisalwaysasupportivecoachingteamandstaff.Laiwasoneofthemembers,shoulderingresponsibilitiesasbothvicedirectorofChina'sVolleyballManagementCenterandasassistantcoach.Apartfromcoordinatingbetweencoachesandplayers,ChinesecoachesandforeigncoachesandsometimeswithinChinesecoaches,shealsohastodochores.DuringRio2016,assistantcoachYuanLingxiheadedforthearena(竞技场)at6ameverydaytofilmthematchesandwouldreturntotheOlympicVillageat2amwhenhewouldstartanalyzingChina'sopponentsandfilereports.TherearemanyLaisandYuansthatarenotknownbythepublic,butwhoremainindispensablefortheteamtoovercomedifficultiesandreachtheirpeak.
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