历年大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总.docx
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历年大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总.docx
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历年大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案汇总
1990年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案
PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)
PassageOne
Questions21to24arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Automationreferstotheintroductionofelectroniccontrolandautomaticoperationofpro-ductivemachinery.Itreducesthehumanfactors,mentalandphysical,inproduction,andisde-signedtomakepossiblethemanufactureofmoregoodswithfewerworkers.ThedevelopmentofautomationinAmericanindustryhasbeencalledthe"SecondIndustrialRevolution".
Labour'sconcernoverautomationarisesfromuncertaintyabouttheeffectsonemploy-ment,andfearsofmajorchangesinjobs.Inthemain,labourhastakentheviewthatresistancetotechnicalchangeisunfruitful.Eventually,theresultofautomationmaywellbeanincreaseinemployment,sinceitisexpectedthatvastindustrieswillgrowuparoundmanufacturing,main-taining,andrepairingautomationequipment.Theinterestoflabourliesinbringingaboutthe
transitionwithaminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstotheworkersinvolved.AI~,unionspokesmenemphasizethatthebenefitoftheincreasedproductionandlowercostsmadepossiblebyautomationshouldbesharedbyworkersintheformofhigherwages,moreleisure,andimprovedlivingstandards.
Toprotecttheinterestsoftheirmembersintheeraofautomation,unionshaveadoptedanumberofnewpolicies.Oneoftheseisthepromotionofsupplementaryunemploymentbenefitplans.Itisemphasizedthatsincetheemployerinvolvedinsuchaplanhasadirectfinancialinterestinpreventingunemployment,hewillhaveastrongdriveforplanningnewinstallationssoastocausetheleastpossibleproblemsinjobsandjobassignments.Someunionsareworkingfordismissalpayagreements,requiringthatpermanentlydismissedworkersbepaidasumofmoney
basedonlengthofservice.Anotherapproachistheideaofthe"improvementfactor",whichcallsforwageincreasesbasedonincreasesinproductivity.Itispossible,however,thatlabourwillrelymainlyonreductioninworkinghoursinordertogainafullshareinthefruitsofautomation.
21.Thoughlabourworriesabouttheeffectsofautomation,itdoesnotdoubtthat
A)automationwilleventuallypreventunemployment
B)automationwillhelpworkersacquirenewskills
C)automationwilleventuallybenefittheworkersnolessthantheemployers
D)automationisatrendwhichcannotbestopped
22.Theideaofthe"improvementfactor"(Line7,Para.3)probablyimpliesthat
A)wagesshouldbepaidonthebasisoflengthofservice
B)thebenefitofincreasedproductionandlowercostsshouldbesharedbyworkers
C)supplementaryunemploymentbenefitplansshouldbepromoted
D)thetransitiontoautomationshouldbebroughtaboutwiththeminimumofinconvenienceanddistresstoworkers
23.Inordertogetthefullbenefitsofautomation,labourwilldependmostlyon
A)additionalpaymenttothepermanentlydismissedworkers
B)theincreaseofwagesinproportiontotheincreaseinproductivity
C)shorterworkinghoursandmoreleisuretime
D)astrongdriveforplanningnewinstallations
24.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumupthepassage?
A)Advantagesanddisadvantagesofautomation.
B)Labourandtheeffectsofautomation.来源:
考试大
C)Unemploymentbenefitplansandautomation.
D)Socialbenefitsofautomation.
PassageTwo
Questions25to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Thecaseforcollegehasbeenacceptedwithoutquestionformorethanageneration.Allhighschoolgraduatesoughttogo,saysconventionalwisdomandstatisticalevidence,becausecollegewillhelpthemearnmoremoney,become"better"people,andlearntobemoreresponsi-blecitizensthanthosewhodon'tgo.
Butcollegehasneverbeenabletoworkitsmagicforeveryone.Andnowthatclosetohalfourhighschoolgraduatesareattending,thosewhodon'tfitthepatternarebecomingmorenu-merous,andmoreobvious.Collegegraduatesaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis;collegestudentsinterferewitheachother'sexperimentsandwritefalselettersofrecommendationintheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool.Othersfindnostimulationintheirstudies,anddropout-oftenencouragedbycollegeadministrators.
Someobserverssaythefaultiswiththeyoungpeoplethemselves-theyarespoiledandtheyareexpectingtoomuch.Butthat'sacondemnationofthestudentsasawhole,anddoesn'texplainallcampusunhappiness.Othersblamethestateoftheworld,andtheyarepartlyright.
We'vebeentoldthatyoungpeoplehavetogotocollegebecauseoureconomycan'tabsorbanarmyofuntrainedeighteen-year-olds.Butdisappointedgraduatesarelearningthatitcannolongerabsorbanarmyoftrainedtwenty-two-year-olds,either.
Someadventuresomeeducatorsandcampuswatchershaveopenlybeguntosuggestthatcollegemaynotbethebest,theproper,theonlyplaceforeveryyoungpersonafterthecomple-tionofhighschool.Wemayhavebeenlookingatallthosesurveysandstatisticsupsidedown,it
seems,andthroughtherosyglowofourownrememberedcollegeexperiences.Perhapscollegedoesn'tmakepeopleintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,orquicktolearnthings-maybeit'sjusttheotherwayaround,andintelligent,ambitious,happy,liberal,quick-learningpeoplearemerelytheoneswhohavebeenattractedtocollegeinthefirstplace.Andperhapsallthosesuc-cessfulcollegegraduateswouldhavebeensuccessfulwhethertheyhadgonetocollegeornot.
Thisisheresy(异端邪说)tothoseofuswhohavebeenbroughtuptobelievethatifalittleschoolingisgood,morehastobemuchbetter.Butcontraryevidenceisbeginningtomountup.
25.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorbelievesthat
A)peopleusedtoquestionthevalueofcollegeeducation
B)peopleusedtohavefullconfidenceinhighereducation
C)allhighschoolgraduateswenttocollege
D)veryfewhighschoolgraduateschosetogotocollege
26.Inthe2ndparagraph,"thosewhodon'tfitthepattern"refersto
A)highschoolgraduateswhoaren'tsuitableforcollegeeducation
B)collegegraduateswhoaresellingshoesanddrivingtaxis
C)collegestudentswhoaren'tanybetterfortheirhighereducation
D)highschoolgraduateswhofailedtobeadmittedtocollege
27.Thedrop-outrateofcollegestudentsseemstogoupbecause
A)youngpeoplearedisappointedwiththeconventionalwayofteachingatcollege
B)manyyoungpeoplearerequiredtojointhearmy
C)youngpeoplehavelittlemotivationinpursuingahighereducation
D)youngpeopledon'tliketheintensecompetitionforadmissiontograduateschool
28.Accordingtothepassagetheproblemsofcollegeeducationpartlyarisefromthefactthat
A)societycannotprovideenoughjobsforproperlytrainedcollegegraduates
B)highschoolgraduatesdonotfitthepatternofcollegeeducation
C)toomanystudentshavetoearntheirownliving来源:
考试大
D)collegeadministratorsencouragestudentstodropout
29.Inthispassagetheauthorarguesthat
A)moreandmoreevidenceshowscollegeeducationmaynotbethebestthingforhighschoolgraduates
B)collegeeducationisnotenoughifonewantstobesuccessful
C)collegeeducationbenefitsonlytheintelligent,ambitious,andquick-learningpeople
D)intelligentpeoplemaylearnquickeriftheydon'tgotocollege
30.The"surveysandstatistics"mentionedinthelastparagraphmighthaveshownthat
A)college-educatedpeoplearemoresuccessfulthannon-college-educatedpeople
B)collegeeducationwasnotthefirstchoiceofintelligentpeople
C)thelessschoolingapersonhasthebetteritisforhim
D)mostpeoplehavesweetmemoriesofcollegelife
PassageThree
Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:
Ourshasbecomeasocietyofemployees.AhundredyearsorsoagoonlyoneoutofeveryfiveAmericansatworkwasemployed,i.e.,workedforsomebodyelse.Todayonlyoneoutoffiveisnotemployedbutworkingforhimself.Andwhenfiftyyearsago"beingemployed"meantworkingasafactorylabourerorasafarmhand,theemployeeoftodayisincreasinglyamiddle-classpersonwithasubstantialformaleducation,holdingaprofessionalormanagementjobre-quiringintellectualandtechnicalskills.Indeed,twothingshavecharacteriedAmericansocietyduringtheselastfiftyyears:
middle-classandupper-classemployeeshavebeenthefastest-growinggroupsinourworkingpopulation-growingsofastthattheindustrialworker,thatold-estchildoftheIndustrialRevolution,hasbeenlosinginnumericalimportancedespitetheex-pans/onofindustrialproduction.
Yetyouwillfinelittleifanythingwrittenonwhatitistobeanemployee.Youcanfindagreatdealofverydubiousadviceonhowtogetajoborhowtogetapromotion.Youcanalsofindagooddealofworkinachosenfield,whetheritbethemechanist'stradeorbookkeeping(簿记).Everyoneofthesetradesrequiresdifferentskills,setsdifferentstandards,andrequiresadifferentpreparation.Yettheyallhaveemployeeshipincommon.Andincreasingly,especiallyinthelargebusinessoringovernment,employeeshipismoreimportanttosuccessthanthespecialprofessionalknowledgeorskill.Certainlymorepeoplefailbecausetheydonotknowtherequirementsofbeinganemployeethanbecausetheydonotadequatelypossesstheskillsoftheirtrade;thehigheryouclimbtheladder,themoreyougetintoadministrativeorexecutivework,thegreatertheemphasisonabilitytoworkwithintheorganizationratherthanontechnicala-bilitiesorprofessionalknowledge.
31.Itisimpliedthatfift
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