高中时态复习.docx
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高中时态复习.docx
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高中时态复习
高中英语语法时态复习
一、真题演练
( )1.Whenhewasalive,theoldscientistusedtosaythatknowledge______frompracticeandhegainedhisexperiencebydoingalotofpracticalwork.
A.wascomingB.hadcomeC.comesD.wouldcome
( )2.---HowareyouplanningtotraveltoShanghai?
---I______yet,butI______takingatrain.
A.didn’tdecide;amconsideringB.haven’tdecided;consider
C.haven’tdecided;amconsidering D.hadn’tdecided;haveconsidered
()3.---Excuseme,sir.Wouldyoudomeafavour?
---Ofcourse.Whatisit?
---I______ifyoucouldtakemetothestation.
A.wouldwonderB.didwonderC.waswonderingD.hadwondered
()4.---Gotyourdrivinglicense?
---No.I______toobusytohaveenoughpractice,soIdidn’ttakethedrivingtestlastweek.I’mgoingtonextweek.
A.wasB.havebeenC.amD.hadbeen
()5.Withthedevelopmentofscience,morenewtechnology______tothefieldofIT.
A.hasintroducedB.isbeingintroducedC.isintroducedD.wasintroduced
()6.---Who’sthemanoverthere?
---It’sJack.
---Oh?
______inItaly.
A.Ithinkhe’sB.I’vethoughthe’sbeen
C.IthoughthewasD.I’dthoughthe’dbeen
()7.---Idroppedinatyourhouseatabouttenlastnight,butyouweren’tin.
---I______regularexercisesattheclub.
A.didB.wasdoingC.haddoneD.havebeendoing
()8.---Eachofthestudents,workinghardattheirlessons,______thebook.
---SohaveI.
A.isreadingB.hasreadC.readingD.reads
( )9.---I’msorry,butthere’snosmokingonthisflight.
---Oh,I______that.Sorry,Iwon’tagain.
A.don’tknowB.didn’tknowC.won’tknowD.haven’tknown
()10.IthoughtJimwouldsaysomethingabouthisschoolreport,buthe______it.
A.doesn’tmentionB.hadn’tmentionedC.didn’tmentionD.hasn’tmentioned
二、知识梳理
按构成和状态可分四类:
一般时(单个V原/V-ed,可借助于助动词do[多形]+V原构成否定句和疑问句)、进行时(借助于助动词be[多形]+V-ing)、将来时(借助于助动词will[多形]+V原)、完成时(借助于助动词have[多形]+V-ed)
动词时态一:
一般现在时
①表示经常或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
②表示主语通常的能力、兴趣爱好、和性格特征。
③表示客观的事实或真理。
④表示按照时刻表或已经计划安排好的将来行为。
(只限于是go,come,leave,arrive,begin,start,takeoff,stop,be等表示开始或移动意义的词。
)⑤在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形),从句中用一般现在时表将来。
当主语是第三人称时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,加-s/es。
除此之外都用动词原形。
1.He______(be,am,is,are)ateacheratNo.2MiddleSchool.
2.He______(have,has)classesintheafternoon.
3.He______(get,gets)upathalfpastsixeverymorning.
4.Healways_____(come,comes)toschoolontime.
5.He______(study,studies)veryhardathislesson.
6.Oneandtwo_____(be,is,are)three.
7.Blueandyellow_____(make,makes)green.
8.Theearth_____(move,moves)roundthesun.
9.IwillgothereifI____(be,willbe,am,is,are)freetomorrow.
10.IwillgotherewhenI_____(have,willhave,has)timetomorrow.
11.Hewon’tcometothepartyunlesshe_____(be,willbe,am,is,are)invited.
12.I’llwaithereuntilmymother____(come,comes,willcome)back.
13.Pleasereturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasyou______(finish,finishes,willfinish)readingit.
14.Onceyou_____(see,sees,willsee)him,youwillneverforgethim.
时间状语:
---sometimes/often/usually/always/now/never/seldom/everymorning/onceamonth---
动词第三人称单数形式变化规则:
规则
动词原形
一般在词尾加-s,(清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音后读/z/;在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。
)
Play→playsleave→leaves
swim→swims
以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es,读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。
pass→passesfix→fixes
teach→teacheswish→wishes
do→does
以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-es,读/z/
study→studiescarry→carries
fly→flies
在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s或-es
动词时态二:
一般过去时(提示:
使用动词的过去式)
表示具体的某个过去时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。
表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。
有具体的表过去的时间状语时使用一般过去时,如:
yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。
谓语动词使用过去式形式,加ed,分为规则和不规则变化。
表示过去经常发生的动作,也可用“usedtodoing”和“would+动词原形”。
15.He____(be,was,were,been)hereamomentago.
16.They____(be,was,were,been)herejustnow.
17.Thescientists_____(leave,leaves,leaved,left)forAmericayesterday.
18.Lastweekwe______(visit,visited)theScienceMuseum.
19.WhenIwasachild,Ioften____(play,played)football.
20.Thestudentsranoutoftheclassroomassoonasthebell____(ring,rang,rung).
时间状语:
---yesterday/yesterdaymorning/thedaybeforeyesterday/lastweek/lastmonth/lastyear/threeyearsago/afewdaysearlier/theotherday(=afewdaysago)/in1999/afterthreemonths/twodayslater/atthattime/justnow/inthepast/inthosedays/oneday/once/atonetime---
动词过去式的变化规则:
构成规则
动词原形
一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,(在清辅音后读/t/;在浊辅音和元音后读/d/;在/t/,/d/后读/id/。
look→lookedplay→played
work→worked
结尾是e的动词在末尾加-d
like→likedlive→lived
hope→hoped
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed
plan→plannedstop→stopped
drop→dropped
结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“I”再加-ed
study→studiesworry→worries
cry→cries
动词时态三:
现在进行时(am/is/are+v-ing)
现在进行时①表示说话时正在进行的动作。
②表示现阶段正在进行的动作。
(说话时动作不一定进行)③同always配合使用时,带有厌恶、批评,不喜欢等感情色彩。
21.I____(write,amwriting,iswriting,arewriting)aletternow.
22.Look,it_____(begin,isbeginning,ambeginning,arebeginning)torain.
23.They____(study,isstudying,amstudying,arestudying)medicineattheMedicalInstituteofChengdethesedays.
24.He_____(teach,amteaching,isteaching,areteaching)anEnglishlessonatthistime.
时间状语:
---now/thesedays/atpresent/atthistime---提示动词look/listen---
动词V-ing的构成规则:
规则
原形
一般在动词原形末尾加-ing
listen→listeningspend→spending
stay→staying
以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing
have→havingprepare→preparing
close→closing
以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing
sit→sittingbegin→beginning
run→runningput→putting
以ie为重读音节结尾的动词,先去掉e,把i改为y,再加-ing
lie→lying
die→dying
以er结尾的动词,如是重读音节结尾,先双写r,再加-ing;如不是重读音节结尾,就直接加-ing
prefer→preferring
water→watering
动词时态四:
过去进行时(was/were+v-ing)
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。
25.I_____(cook,cooked,wascooking,werecooking)breakfastwhenyouarrived.
26.What____you_____(do,did,was...doing,were…doing)atthistimeyesterdayevening?
27.We_____(have,arehaving,had,werehaving)dinnerwhenthedoorbellrang.
28.While/When/Aswe____(have,had,arehaving,werehaving)dinner,thedoorbellrang.
时间状语:
then/atthattime/atthistimeyesterday/yesterdayevening/lastnight/when+时间状语从句)---
动词时态五:
一般将来时(will+V原,等)
一般将来时,表示从现在看将来的动作或状态,构成:
①will,shall+动词原形,其中shall只用于第一人称。
②begoingto+动词原形,表示主观打算,按计划,安排要发生的事情。
③beto+动词原形,表示客观安排④beaboutto+不定式,意为马上要做某事,正要做某事。
⑤某些动词,可用进行时态表将来,如come,go,arrive,leave。
⑥在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形),从句中用一般现在时表将来。
⑦一般现在时可表示按时间表发生的将来的动作(限start,begin,arrive,end,close,leave---等表示开始或移动意义的词)
29.I____(leave,shall/willleave)forJi’nantomorrow.
30.Whocantellmewhat____(willhappen,isgoingtohappen)inthefuture?
31.MrSmith_____(willhelp,shallhelp)youifyouhaveanyproblem.
32.It______(isgoingtobe,willbe)Wednesdaythedayaftertomorrow.
33.Themusician_____(isgoingtogive,aregoingtogive,amgoingtogive)aconcertnextweek.
34.Look,there______(be,isgoingtobe,aregoingtobe)arainsoon.
35.We_____(meet,willbetomeet,aretomeet,amtomeet)attheairportthisafternoon.
36.Theconcert____(take,istotake,aretotake,willbetake)placeinthemusichalltomorrowafternoon.
37.Theconcert___(hold,istohold,istobeheld,willtobeheld)inthemusichalltomorrowevening.
38.Ladiesandgentlemen,theplane___(take,isabouttotake,areabouttotake,issoonabouttotake)off.Pleasefastenyoursafetybelts.
39.We____(start,aregoingtostart,arestarting)forShanghaitonight.
40.Thetrain/concert/show/film_____(start,starts)atsixtomorrow.
时间状语:
---tomorrow/tomorrowmorning/thedayaftertomorrow/(how)soon/beforelong/byandby/inanhour/infiveminutes’time/fiveminuteslater/thisafternoon/nextSaturday(week,month,year)/infuture/inthefuture/sometimeinthefuture/someday(oneday)---
动词时态六:
过去将来时(would+动词原形,或将来时的其它过去构成形式)
表示以过去某一时间为参照,在过去看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
在宾语从句及间接引语中,时态呼应,经常会用到过去将来时。
如Ithoughtitwasgoingtobefun.
41.ItoldmyfriendthatI____(should/wouldarrive,shall/willarrive)soon.
42.Theylookedatthosecloudsoverthesky.It____(isgoingtorain,wasgoingtorain).
43.Theysaidthatthey____(aretomeet,weretomeet)atthegatethenextday.
44.We_____(areabouttogo,wereabouttogo)outwhenitstartedtorain.
时间状语:
---soon/thenextday---that-clause(名词性从句或上下文中---)
动词时态七:
现在完成时(have/has+过去分词)
表示发生在过去,持续到现在,可能刚刚结束也有可能继续进行下去的动作或状态,甚至延续到将来,并对现在造成一定的影响或结果。
常与since+过去时(间),for+一段时间连用。
表示与现在有联系的过去的动作。
45.We____(havewatered,haswatered)theflowersalready.(暗示Theflowersdon’tneedwateringnow.)
46.He____(havebeen,hasbeen)totheSummerPalacemanytimes.((暗示Heisbacknow.)
47.She____(havejustgone,hasjustgone)tothelibrary.((暗示Sheisn’therenow.)
48.I____(haslived,havelived)hereformorethan20years.=I_____(lived,havelived)heresinceImovedhere20yearsago.=Itis/hasbeen20yearssinceImovedhere.
49.Greatchanges____(havetaken,hastaken)placeinChinainthepast20years.
=There_____(hasbeen,havebeen)greatchangesinChinainthepast20years.
时间状语:
(包括现在时间在内的时间状语)
---1)already/(not)yet/before/recently=lately2)ever/never/once/twice/manytimes3)now/just/today/
thismorning4)for…/since…/sofar/bynow=uptillnow5)in/for/duringthepast(last)fewyears---
注意:
不能和明确的具体的表过去的时间状语连用,如:
yesterday,lastweek,in1998,ago等
动词时态八:
过去完成时(had+过去分词)(特征:
表示“过去的过去”)
表示动作在过去某一或动作之前已经完成。
表示比过去的一个参照动作或时间更早的动作,即过去的过去。
作为参照的过去的动作或时间有时在句子中直接表述出来(如用by,before+过去时间或者过去的某个事件),有时通过上下文暗示。
表示动作仍发生在它们之前。
We____(haveread,hadread)500storiesbytheendoflastterm.
Hesaidthatthey_____(havearrived,hadarrived)anhourbefore.
After/Whenhe____(hasdone,haddone)hisjob,hewenttobed.
Iwaitedtillhe____(hasfinished,hadfinished)hiswork.
WhenIgotthere,he___(hasbeen,hadbeen)awayforhalfanhour.
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