高一重点语法专练.docx
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高一重点语法专练.docx
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高一重点语法专练
英语重点语法知识整理
时态
1一般现在时Hegoestoworkeverydayonfoot.
Heoftengoestoworkbybike.
Ivisitmymothertwiceamonth.
Heisateacher.Heisverypatientwithus.
Themusicsoundsbeautiful.
Thepaperfeelssoft.
2一般过去时yesterday,threedaysago,longlongago,in2000,inthe19thcentury,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastyear,lastnight.
Iwashappyyesterday.
Ivisitedyouthreedaysago.
Webuiltashoplastyear.
3一般将来时(tomorrow,nextyear,in3000)
1will/shalldo2begoingtodo
Iamgoingtovisityoutomorrow.
-Tomisillandinhospital.
--Iwillgotoseehim.
4现在进行时be(is/am/are)doing
Iamlisteningtomusic.
Heisdrawingnow.
注意:
Heisalwayswinningthefirstprize/place.
5过去进行时was/weredoing
Hewasdoinghisworkat6lastnight.
WhenIcamein,hewaswatchingTv.
6现在完成时inthepastfewyears/sofar/inthelastfewyear/since/foralongtime,already,uptonow,
Wehaveheldthreeopeningceremoniessofar.
Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincethereformandopening.
7.过去完成时过去的过去
WhenIarrived,thetrainhadleft.
Bytheendoflastyear,wehadlearned3000words.
WhenIgottotheairport,theplanehadtakenoff.
8过去将来时
Hesaidhewouldvisityou.
Hetoldmethathewasgoingtoseeme.
9将来进行时
IwillbewatchingTvat9tomorrow.
Iwillbeflyingovertheoceanatthistimenextmonth.
10现在完成进行时has/havebeendoingallday/allthemorning
HehasbeenwatchingTvallday.
Wehavebeenrunningallthemorning.
语态
一、被动语态的用法:
1.一般现在时的被动语态构成:
is/are+done
Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.
_________________________________________
2.一般过去时的被动语态构成:
was/were+done
Webuiltanewshoplastyear.
_____________________________________________
3.现在完成时的被动语态构成:
has/have+been+done
Theyhavetranslatedthisbookintomanylanguages.
____________________________________________________
4.一般将来时的被动语态构成:
will+be+及物动词的过去分词
Hewillplantmanymoretreesnextyear.
________________________________________________-
5.含有情态动词的被动语态构成:
情态动词(must/may/can)+be+done
Shemustwateryoungtrees.
____________________________________
6.现在进行时的被动语态构成:
is/are+being+done
UncleWangismendingmybikenow.→
________________________________________
Theyareplantingtreesoverthere.→
_______________________________________________
二、怎样把主动语态改成被动语态?
把主动语态改为被动语态非常简单,可以遵循以下几个步骤:
1.先找出谓语动词;
2.再找出谓语动词后的宾语;
3.把宾语用作被动语态中的主语;
4.注意人称、时态和数的变化。
例:
1.Hewritesalettereveryweek.→
___________________________________________
2.LiLeimendedthebrokenbikethismorning.→
_________________________________________________
3.Hehaswrittentwonovelssofar.→
_________________________________________________
4.Theywillplanttentreestomorrow.→
___________________________________________________
5.Lucyiswritingaletternow.→
_______________________________________
6.Youmustlockthedoorwhenyouleave.→
____________________________________________________
三、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题:
1.不及物动词无被动语态。
Whatwillhappenin100years.
Thedinosaursdisappearedabout65millionyearsago.
2.有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
Thisnewbooksellswell.
3系动词无被动taste/sound/feel/look/smell/
Thefoodtastesgood.
4.一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
Thenurseistakingcareofthesickman.→
_________________________________________________________________小结:
被动语态:
一般现在时 is / are +done
一般过去时 was / were +done
一般将来时 will + be +done
含有情态动词的被动语态 can / should/may/must + be +done
现在进行时is / are + being +done
过去进行时 was / were + being +done
现在完成时 have / has + been +done
过去完成时 had + been +done
注意:
1Thebooksellswell.Thecoatwasheswell.
2Thesongsounds_________美
Thematerialfeels________软
Thefoodtastes_______好(feellookseemtastesoundgetbecome)
3wantrequireneed
Theflowersneedwatering=Theflowersneedtobewatered.
Thebabywants___________照顾.=Thebabywants_____________________
4Thefilmiswellworthseeing.
Ourschoolis____________________.值得参观
1bybikebytaxibyplanebyshipbytrainbyseabywaterbyairbyroad
2Irentthecarbytheday/theyear/bythemonth/bytheweek.
Theypayme____________按天
3Theproductionincreasedby30%/two-thirds.
主谓一致:
1Tomwithhisfriends_______(is/are)signingforclasses.
AllthefriendsaswellasTom______(is/are)plantingthetrees.
Marytogetherwithhersisters_____(study/studies)ChineseinChina.
2NotonlyTombutalsofriends______(is/are)signingforclass.
NeitherTomnorMary_______(is/are)wateringtheflower.
NotonlyIbutalsoyou__(is/are)tiredofthefilm.
3The/Awriteranddoctor_______(is/are)busy.
Thewriterandthedoctor________(is/are)busy.
4Everystudentandeveryteacher_______(has/have)attendedthemeeting.
Noboyandnogirl_______(has/have)finishedthework.
Eachboyandeachgirl_______(has/have)finishedthework.
5Manyaboy________(has/have)seenthefilm.
Morethanoneboy________(has/have)takenpartinsports.
6Everymeans________(has/have)beentried.
Manymeans________(has/have)beentried.
7Tenhours________(is/are)verylong.
Tenmeters________(is/are)veryshort.
3000dollars______(is/are)enough.
8Therich________(is/are)becomingricherandricher.
Thepoor________(is/are)becomingpoorerandpoorer.
Thepolice_____((is/are)searchingthemurderer.
930%ofthestudents_______(has/have)attendedthemeeting.
Two-thirdsofthewater_______(belong)tome.
10Herglasses________(is/are)new.
Thispairofglasses________(is/are)new.
11Anumberofboys____(is/are)playingfootball.
Thenumberoftheboys______(is/are)fifty.
12Thebooksareintendedforthosewho_______(is/are)kids.
Thisisoneofthemostdifficultquestionsthat_____(has/have)beenasked.
Thisistheonlyoneofthemostdifficultquestionsthat_____(has/have)beenasked.
Hewasoneoftheboyswho______(was/were)absent.
Hewastheonlyoneoftheboyswho______(was/were)absent.
I,who_____(is/am)yourteacher,willhelpyou.
Tom,who_____(is/am)yourteacher,willhelpyou
13ThepopulationofChina___(is/are)large.
80%ofthepopulationofChina____(is/are)farmers.
14Onthewall_____(is/are)apicture.
Onthewall____(is/are)twopictures.
Onthefloor_____(lies/lie)anoldman.
Onthefloor_____(lies/lie)twooldmen.
There_____(comes/come)abus.
There______(comes/come)twobuses.
完全倒装句:
1Thesoundofthemusiccamefromtheroom.
________________________________________
2Amountainisbehindthehouse.
____________________________________
3Avillageliesintheeastofthecity.
__________________________________________
4Thebuscomeshere.
__________________________________________
5Atreestandsinfrontofthedoor.
__________________________________
6Anoldmanliesonthefloor.
____________________________________
7Hereitis.
_________________________________________
8Hereyouare.
________________________________________
半倒装:
1Iwillneverforgetyou.
_________________________
2.Heseldomgetsupearly.
_________________________________
3Shecanhardlyaffordthehouse.
____________________________________
4Thegirlrarelygetsacold.
5innoway/onnoaccount/bynomeans
Wegiveintotheenemiesinnoway.
=Innoway______________________________
Hardly…whenNosooner….than
Hehadhardlyleftwhenitbegantorain.
=Hardly________________________________________
Hehadnosoonerleftthatitbegantorain.
=Nosooner_______________________________________
Henotonlystudieshardbutalsohelikeshelpingothers.
=Notonly_______________________________________________
WecanlearnEnglishwellonlyinthisway.
=Onlyinthisway________________________________________
英语中的倍数
英语中的倍数表达:
once/twice/threetimes/fourtimes
1“… times +形容词 / 副词的比较级+ than …”例如:
This hall is five times bigger than our classroom.
2. “… times +as + 形容词 / 副词的原级+ as …”例如:
This table is three times as long as that one.
3. “… times + the + 名词(如:
size, height, weight, length, width 等)+ of …”例
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
我们的学校是你们学校的三倍大。
这条河是那条河的四倍宽
这大楼是那大楼的两倍高。
强调句
例句:
针对ImetLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.句子进行强调。
强调主语:
ItwasIthat(who)metLiMingattherailwaystationyesterday.
强调宾语:
ItwasLiMingthatImetattherailwaystationyesterday.
强调地点状语:
ItwasattherailwaystationthatImetLiMingyesterday.
强调时间状语:
ItwasyesterdaythatImetLiMingattherailwaystation.
5、注意:
构成强调句的it本身没有词义;强调句中的连接词一般只用that,who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that,who不可省略;强调句中的时态只用两种,一般现在时和一般过去时。
原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用Itwas…,其余的时态用Itis…。
(二)not…until…句型的强调句这也是出题点和考点,掌握的方法:
多记几个这样的句子,最后一定会融会贯通的.
1、句型为:
Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其它部分
e.g.普通句:
Hedidn’tgotobeduntil/tillhiswifecameback.
强调句:
Itwasnotuntilhiswifecamebackthathewenttobed.
2、注意:
此句型只用until,不用till。
但如果不是强调句型,till,until可通用;因为句型中Itis/wasnot…已经是否定句了,that后面的从句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。
(三)谓语动词的强调
1、Itis/was…that…结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/does或did。
e.g.Dositdown.务必请坐。
Hedidwritetoyoulastweek.上周他确实给你写了信。
Dobecarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.过马路时,务必(千万)要小心啊!
2、注意:
此种强调只用do/does和did,没有别的形式;过去时用did,后面的谓语动词用原形Imetmyteacheryesterdayinthestreet.
定语从句讲解1定语从句
定语从句及相关术语
1.定语从句:
定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词:
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等;关系副词有where=inwhich,when=onwhich,why=forwhich等。
关系词常有3个作用:
1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
1.Iknowtheboy.TheboycanspeakEnglishwell.Iknowtheboy_____canspeakEnglishwell.
2.
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