高考英语复习阅读理解专项易错题附答案解析.docx
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高考英语复习阅读理解专项易错题附答案解析.docx
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高考英语复习阅读理解专项易错题附答案解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
Haveyoueverimaginedwhatitwouldbeliketoseetheworldthroughananimal'seyes?
Forexample,whatachimpanzeeseesasitsitsatthetopofatree,orapenguin'sviewasitdivesintotheseatocatchitsdinner?
ThesequestionsareansweredinthenaturedocumentaryAnimalswithCameras,producedbytheBBC.Thethree-partserieswasfirstairedintheUKlastmonth.Toexploreanimalstories"told"bytheanimalsthemselves,thedocumentary'sfilmmakersworkedwithscientiststodevelopcamerasthatwildanimalscouldwear.
"Neverbeforehaveweseensuchhigh-qualityfootage(连续镜头)directlyfromtheanimal'spointofview,"BBCNatureexecutiveproducerFredKaufmantoldPBS."Thisminiseriesgreatlyexpandsourcomprehensionofanimalbehaviorandthiscameratechnologyopensupnewpossibilitiesfordiscoveringsomuchmore."
Indeed,thegroundbreakingtechnologyprovidesanewviewpointoftheanimalkingdom.Newcameraswithenoughbatterylifetoshootforhoursatatimeweredesignedtobecomfortableenoughforanimalstowear,accordingtothedocumentary'scameradesignerChrisWatts.
Thetechnicalchallengesdidn'tstopthere.Someanimalswereverycuriousabouttheequipment,withsomeevenfightingeachotherforthechancetowearacamera.Inthecaseofchimpanzees,"wehadtocreatedummy(仿造的)cameras,sothateverychimpanzeecouldgetone",theminiseries'wildlifecameramanGordonBuchanantoldLiveScience.
Foranimalsthatwerecomfortableenoughtobewithhumanbeings,thecamerascouldbefittedandremovedbyhand.Butforothers,thecamerascameoffautomaticallyusingatimedreleaseandwerecollectedafterward.Thismeantthatthecamerasneededtobeastoughaspossible.
Toavoiddisturbingtheanimals,scientistswhoweregoodatdealingwithwildlifecametohelpbyputtingthecamerasontheanimals."Thelastthingwewanttodoiscausethemdistress."thedocumentary'sproducerDanReestoldtheBBC."Tofollowananimalinthefirstplace,therehadtobeaclearbenefitintermsofknowledgeaboutitthatmightbeusefultoprotectingaspeciesinthefuture.
Theireffortscertainlypaidoff."Footagethatcaptures(捕捉)theserareandexcitingglimpsesofanimalsbiddenhabitsisimportanttoscientists,butdocumentarieslikeAnimalswithCamerasalsoresonatewith(引起共鸣)audiences,connectingthemwiththebeauty-anddanger-ofwildlifeintheirnaturalenvironments,"LiveSciencenoted.
(1)Accordingtothetext,AnimalswithCameras .
A.isadocumentarymadebywildlifeexperts
B.presentshigh-qualityfootageofanimalsforthefirsttime
C.showswildlifefromtheuniqueviewpointofanimals
D.mainlyrecordsthelifeofchimpanzeesandpenguins
(2)Thecaseofchimpanzeesisusedto .
A.reflecttheweaknessofthecameratechnology
B.presenthowfilmmakersputcamerasonchimpanzees
C.explainwhychimpanzeeswereattractedbytheequipment
D.showhowfilmmakersdealtwiththechallengesinshooting
(3)Toavoiddisturbingtheanimals,filmmakers .
A.setupaprotectedareaforthemtolivein
B.invitedscientiststohelpequipthemwithcameras
C.madethecameraslooklikeanimalsindisguise
D.fittedandremovedthecamerasbyhand
(4)Theauthor'sattitudetowardthedocumentarycanbedescribedas .
A.changing
B.supportive
C.cautious
D.pessimistic
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)B
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了研究人员使用最新的相机技术,让人们从动物的视角看世界。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的"Toexploreanimalstories‘told’bytheanimalsthemselves,thedocumentary'sfilmmakersworkedwithscientiststodevelopcamerasthatwildanimalscouldwear."可知研究人员让动物带上相机来拍摄野生动物的世界。
故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的"Thetechnicalchallengesdidn'tstopthere.Someanimalswereverycuriousabouttheequipment,withsomeevenfightingeachotherforthechancetowearacamera."可知很多动物对这种相机非常好奇,甚至会为佩戴相机而打斗。
这就需要人们把这些相机制造得更加牢固,以便更好地拍摄。
第五段最后所列举的猩猩的例子正是为了证明这一点。
故选D。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据倒数第二段中的"Toavoiddisturbingtheanimals,scientistswhoweregoodatdealingwithwildlifecametohelpbyputtingthecamerasontheanimals."可知为了避免妨碍动物,研究人员邀请科学家帮助他们给动物带上相机。
故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的"Footagethatcaptures(捕捉)theserareandexcitingglimpsesofanimalsbiddenhabitsisimportanttoscientists,butdocumentarieslikeAnimalswithCamerasalsoresonatewith(引起共鸣)audiences,connectingthemwiththebeauty-anddanger-ofwildlifeintheirnaturalenvironments"可知作者认为这种相机拍摄的连续镜头对于科学研究十分重要,这种纪录片能够引起观众的共鸣,让人们欣赏到美景,也让他们意识到自然环境下野生动物面临的危险。
这些说明作者对这一纪录片持支持态度。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科研类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
You'reprobablyusedtotheregularupgradesinourcell-phonenetworks.Therewas2G,whichcamealongin199l,replacedwith3Gin2001,followedby4Gin2009.Nowwe'rehearingaboutthecomingof5G.
But5Gisamuchbiggerleapthanbefore.5G,ofcourse,ismuchfasterthan4Gintherealworldanda5Gphoneina5GcitywillenjoyInternetspeedsbetween9and20timesasfast.Thearrivalof5Galsomeansenormousleapsforwardincapacity-somuchthateverycell-phoneplanwilloffercheap,trulyunlimitedInternetaccess."Theconsequencesofthatarehuge,"saysSherifHanna,Qualcomm'sdirectorof5Gmarketing.Forexample,appswillnolongerdegrade(降低)yourvideoqualityorpostponedownloadingwhenyou'reoutofWi-Firange.Infact,you'llprobablyprefertodoyourdownloadswhenyou'reoncellular(使用流量)because5Gwillbemuchfasterthanwhateverserviceyou'vegotathomeorwork.
"However,noteveryoneisexcitedbythe5Gdevelopment.Thenewstandardgetsitsspeedpartlybyusingexistingtransmission(传输)frequenciesmoreefficientlyandpartlybyusingthemillimeterwaverange.That'sabig,juicylineofradiofrequenciesthatarecurrentlyunderusedbecausemillimeterwaveisreallyhardtouse,"Hannasays.
Thesefrequenciesaremuchhigherthananythingwe'veusedforthecellular,whichmeanstheycanofferunbelievablespeed-butatthecostofrange.Millimeterwavecellulartowershavetobeabout500feetapart.Cellcarriersnotonlywillhavetoupgradealltheircelltransceivers(calledsmallcells)butwillinstall(安装)alotmoreofthemaswell.
That'swhythemillimeterwaveflavorof5G,thesuperfastcoverage,willbeavailableonlyindenselypopulatedcitiessuchasNewYorkandSanFrancisco.Insuburbanandruralareas,5Gwillbringaspeedupof"only"ninetimesfaster.
(1)Whatadvantagesdoes5Ghaveoverpreviousnetworks?
A. 5Gismuchfasterandmoreconvenient.
B. 5Gallowsuserstodownloadmorevideos.
C. 5Gcanprovidebetterserviceandnewsathome.
D. 5Gcell-phoneplansareexpensivebutmoreaccessible.
(2)Hanna'swordsinparagraph3reflect .
A. popularityofthecomingof5G
B. easyaccesstothe5Gdevelopment
C. concernaboutthe5Gdevelopment D. excitementaboutthe5Gdevelopment
(3)Whatcanwelearnabout5Gaccordingtothetext?
A. Itrequiresmorecellulartowers.
B. Itwon'tbeavailableinruralareas.
C. Itwon'tshowspeedimprovementsinsuburbs.
D. Itmakessomepopulatedcitiesevenmorecrowded.
(4)Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?
A. Atourbrochure.
B. Asciencenewspaper.
C. Amedicalmagazine.
D. Anexperimentaltextbook.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)A
(4)B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了5G网络的一些基本情况。
(1)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“But5Gisamuchbiggerleapthanbefore.5G,ofcourse,ismuchfasterthan4Gintherealworldanda5Gphoneina5GcitywillenjoyInternetspeedsbetween9and20timesasfast.”但5G的发展比以前大得多。
当然,在现实世界中,5G比4G快得多,5G城市中的5G手机将享受9到20倍的网速。
可知,5G手机的网速将大幅度提高。
由此可知,与以前的网络相比,5G更快、更方便。
故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“‘However,noteveryoneisexcitedbythe5Gdevelopment…That'sabig,juicylineofradiofrequenciesthatarecurrentlyunderusedbecausemillimeterwaveisreallyhardtouse,’Hannasays.”汉纳说:
“然而,并不是每个人都对5G的发展感到兴奋……这是一个巨大的、有趣的无线电频率线,目前还没有得到充分利用,因为毫米波真的很难使用。
”可知,汉纳认为并不是每个人都对5G的发展感到兴奋,这种无线电频率线,目前还没有得到充分利用。
由此推知,汉纳在第3段中的话反映了对5G发展的担忧。
故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“Cellcarriersnotonlywillhavetoupgradealltheircelltransceivers(calledsmallcells)butwillinstall(安装)alotmoreofthemaswell.”手机运营商不仅要升级他们所有的手机收发器(称为小型小区,还要安装更多的收发器)可知,5G不仅需要手机运营商升级他们所有的手机收发器,还要安装更多的收发器。
可推知,5G需要更多的手机基站。
故选A。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Therewas2G,whichcamealongin199l,replacedwith3Gin2001,followedby4Gin2009.Nowwe'rehearingaboutthecomingof5G.”1991年出现的2G,2001年被3G取代,2009年又出现了4G。
现在我们听到了5G的到来。
可知,本文主要介绍了5G网络的一些基本情况。
5G网络的发展属于科技进步,结合选项可知,本文应该来自科学报纸。
故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇科技类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Antarcticahasbecomeoneoftheworld'smostpopulartouristdestinations.Since1969,theaveragenumberofvisitorstothecontinenthasincreasedfromseveralhundredtoover34,000today.AllactivitiesinAntarcticaareheavilysupervisedbytheAntarctictreatyforenvironmentalprotectionpurposesandtheindustryislargelymanagedbytheInternationalAssociationofAntarcticaTourOperators(IAATO).
Thefirstexpedition(探险)toAntarcticawithtravelerswasin1966,ledbySwedishexplorerLarsEricLindblad.Hewantedtogivetouristsfirst-handexperienceoftheecologicalsensitivityoftheAntarcticenvironment,inordertoeducatethemandpromoteagreaterunderstandingofthecontinent'sroleintheworld.In1969,Lindbladbuilttheworld'sfirstexpeditionship,theMSLindbladExplorer,whichwasspecificallydesignedtotransporttouriststoAntarctica.
In1977,bothAustraliaandNewZealandstartedtoofferscenicflightstoAntarcticathroughQantasandAirNewZealand.Theflightsoftenflewtothecontinentwithoutlandingandreturnedtothedepa
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