高级英语五六册课文分析讲解.docx
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高级英语五六册课文分析讲解.docx
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高级英语五六册课文分析讲解
《高级英语》自学指导用书
编者:
赵晓
PartOne:
CollegeEnglishBookFive
Lesson1Rashid’sSchoolatOkhla
I.Introduction
Rashid’sSchoolatOkhla,takenfromSanthaRamaRau’sfirstbookHometoIndia,recordstheauthor’svisitwithherauntKittytoavillageschoolatOkhlain1939,whenshewasa16-year-oldgirlnewlyreturnedfromten-years’schoolinginBritaintohernativecountryIndia.ThetextgivesusaglimpseofherintenseinterestinthechangesthatweretakingplaceinhernativelandandoftheeducationalcampaigncarriedoutbytheCongressPartyhopingtobringpoliticalconsciousnessthrougheducationtothepeopleofIndia.Inrunningthevillageschool,Rashid,theheadmaster,metwithandconqueredvariousdifficulties:
thevillagers’deep-rootedsuspicionabouteducation,religiousobstaclesandfinancialshortage,etc.ItwasoutofcountlesssucheffortsbynumerousIndiansthattheNewIndiawascreated.
II.OrganizationoftheText
1.OnthewaytoOkhla(Paragraphs1-2)
Throughdescriptionoftheroadcondition,trafficandpropertyofbullockandcamelowners,theauthorbringsoutthepovertyandbackwardnessofIndiaandforetellsthedifficultiesfortheeducationalcampaigncarriedonintheIndianvillages.
2.AtOkhla(Paragraphs3-4)
AnotherpictureistakenofthebackwardnessandisolationoftheIndianvillagebyspecificdescriptionofthevillagehuts,multi-functionaltinyshop,andearlymarriageofthevillagewomen.
3.MeetingRashidathisschool(Paragraphs5-18)
Indescribingtheschoolactivities,theauthortellsthereaderthedifficultiesinvolvedinrunningavillageschool(i.e.villages’deep-rootedsuspicionabouteducationandreligiousbarriers)andgreateffortsandenthusiasmexertedbytheCongressPartyofwhichRashidservesasoneofitsrepresentativesintheeducationalcampaign.
4.MeetingRashidatKitty’shomeinDelhi(Paragraphs19-24)
AnotherdifficultyisdiscussedintheconversationbetweenKittyandRashid:
lackoffinancialsupportfromthecolonialgovernment.Atthesametime,theauthor’smotherspeaksoftherelationshipbetweenreasonandconscienceandanalyzesthedifferenceineducationbetweentheWesterncountriesandIndia.
III.KeyWordsandExpressions
1.orderly(Para1):
well-arranged.
2.facilitate(Para1):
make…easyoreasier.
3.brass(Para1):
analloyofcopperandzinc.Compare:
copper(asingleelement)andbronze(analloyofcopperandtin).
4.householdutensils(Para1):
家庭用具。
Compare:
householdappliances(家用电器)。
5.proprietor(Para3):
(shop)owner.
6.asmuch…as(Para5):
tothesamedegree…as,e.g.Itisasmuchourresponsibilityasyours(这是你们的责任,同样是我们的责任).
7.fluidEnglish(Para5):
fluentEnglish.
8.enunciate(Para6):
pronounce.
9.inafloridtone(Para6):
inashowytone.
10.animpetus(Para6):
apushforward.
11.gauge(Para6):
judge;estimate.
12.inasmallway(Para8):
onasmallscale.Compare:
inabigway(=onalargescale).
13.inaugurate(Para8):
start;launch.
14.accomplish(Para9):
succeedindoingsomething;finishsuccessfully.Compare:
finish,completeandaccomplish.Tofinishistobringsomethingtoanend;tocompleteistomakesomethingwholeorperfect;andtoaccomplishimpliesgreateffortinvolved.E.g.Ineedonemorestamptocompletemycollectionofthisset(i.e.Thissetofstampsismadecomplete.).But:
Ifinishedmystampcollectionattheageof16(i.e.Istoppedcollectingstampsthen.).
15.skeptical(Para9):
suspicious.
16.carryweight(Para10):
haveimportance;haveeffect.
17.substantialdifference(Para11):
greatdifference.
18.misrepresenttheincident(Para18):
giveanuntrueaccountoftheissueslightly.
19.aricketybus(Para19):
ashakybus;averyoldbusthatislikelytofalltopieces.
20.truetohispromise(Para19):
inaccordancewithhispromise;ashehadpromisedtodo.
21.carrythrough(Para20):
carryout.
22.notcouragesomuchashardworkandmoney…(Para21):
notcouragebutratherhardworkandmoney.Not…somuchasornotsomuch…as:
not…butrather(与其说是。
。
。
不如说是。
。
。
).
23.mightaswell(Para23):
alsomay(just)aswell:
havenostrongreasonnotto(不妨).
24.contradict(Para23):
rebuke.
25.onmyhands(Para24):
asmypressingresponsibility.Antonym:
offmyhands:
notasmypressingresponsibility.
26.mutualcorrective(Para24):
somethingthatcorrectseachother’sdefects.
IV.QuestionsforDiscussion
1.WastheAgraroadanasphaltroadoradirtroad?
Whatgivesthecluetoyouranswerinthe
text?
(Itwasadirtroad.Thesentence“behindusthedustrolledupwardinthickredclouds”givestheclueinthetext.)
2.WhatwerethefourfunctionsoftheshopowneratOkhla?
(TheshopowneratOkhlaservesasaproviderofdailycommodities,agovernorofthevillage,avillagebankerandavillageletter-writer.)
3.Whatsignsofeducationalactivityamongthechildrendidthetwovisitorsnotice?
(Theynoticedthatthechildrenweretaughtfinearts,farmingandgeography.)
4.WhatdifficultiesdidRashidhaveinpersuadingthevillagerstosendtheirchildrentohisschool?
Howdidhemanagetodothat?
(Firstly,thevillagersweresuspiciousabouteducation.Theydidn’tbelievetheycouldreallylearnsomethingusefulfromtheeducationalcampaign.Secondly,theywereconcernedmoreaboutfamilyfinancesthanabouttheirchildren’seducation,asthechildrenbecameimportanttotheirfamiliesinthattheycouldhelpsupporttheirfamilies.Rashidmanagedtoassurethevillagersthatthechildrenwouldlearnreallyusefulthingsinschool---howtoenrichthesoilandhowtomakethelandmoreproductive.Healsopersuadedthevillagerstosendtheirchildrentoschoolbyofferingtoprovidethemeansforthechildrentoreelcottonforanhoureverydaysothattheearningsfromthecottonspoolscouldbeusedtosupporttheirfamilies.)
5.Wastheschoolco-educational?
Wasco-educationcommonincitiestheninIndia?
WhatdidRashidsaythereasonwas?
(Yes,itwas.No,itwasn’t.Rashidsaidthat,oncethepoorvillagersmovedtocities,theylosttheirlandandconsequentlyakindofindependencespirit.Thereforetheyweremoreaffectedbytraditionalcustomsandideaswhichdisapproveofco-education.Asaresult,co-educationwaslesscommonincitiesandinthecountrysideinIndia.)
6.Rashiddeniedthatittookcouragetoopentheschool.Whydidhedenythat?
Whatdidhesayittook?
(Becausetheoreticallythecolonialgovernmentsupportededucationforallpeopleandtherewereevensomelawsconcerningthismatter.Rashidsaidittookhardworkandmoney.)
7.ThemothersaidthatRashidhada“frighteningresponsibility.”Whydidshethinkitwasfrightening?
(Itwasfrighteningbecausethechildrenwouldneverforgetwhatwastaughtandsoateacherhadnochanceofmakinganymistakes.Itwasfrighteningalsobecausesoonerorlaterthenewideastaughtwouldconflictwitholdideas,beliefsandhabitsandsoateacherwasdoingsomethingrisky.)
8.Whatdoesthemothersayaboutreasonandconscience?
(Reasonisthementalpowerofjudgingrightorwrongfromprinciples,religiouscodes,orconventionalmoralcustoms.Conscienceistheindividualsenseofjudgmentofwhatisrightorwrong.Inthemother’sview,werelyonbothreasonandconscience.Theycompensateeachotherbycorrectingeachother’sshortcoming.)
9.WhatdoyouthinkRashidhadinmindwhenhesaidthateducationwasonlyanimpetustotheachievementof“politicalconsciousness”?
(Whenhesaidthateducationwasonlyanimpetustotheachievementof“politicalconsciousness,”Rashidhadtwoideasinmind.Onewasthatateachershouldtreatthevillagersashisequalsandshouldnotactinawaythatwouldshowhissuperioritytothevillagers.Theotherwasthatateachercouldonlypushthevillagerstoeducatethemselves,buthowmuchtheyachievedineducationdependedonthemselves.Ateachercouldnottaketheplaceofthevillagersintheeducationalcampaign.)
10.WhatdoyouthinkofRashidasaperson?
(Rashidwasamanofimmenseenergy.Hewaspassionateyetpractical.Hewaswell-educatedandhadaprofoundloveforhisstudentsandhiscountry.Hewasalsotimid.)
V.Exercises
A.Fillintheblankineachsentencewiththebestwordorexpressionfromtheboxbelow,changingitsformwhennecessary:
facilitateasmuch…asimpetusgaugeinasmallwaynotsomuch…asmisrepresentinauguratecarryweightsubstantialtruetoonone’shands
1.Suchaportwould__________thepassageofoilfromtheMiddleEasttoJapan.
2.Shehasalargefamily__________.
3.Hisactionsarealways________hiswords.
4.Themayor’sopinion______great______inthistown.
5.Theprivatewantedtoshowthesergeantthathewas______aman______anybody.
6.Foreigninvestmentshavebecometheprimary________behindthecountry’seconomicrecovery.
7.Thedemonstratorsdemandedthatblacksbegivena__________voiceinthegovernment.
8.TheelectionswereoverandthefirstnativeGovernorwas________.
9.Itwas______theclothes______themanhimselfwhoimpressedimmediately.
10.Witnessesclaimtohavebeenseriously________.
(Key:
1.facilitate2.onherhands3.trueto4.carried…weight5.asmuch…as6.impetus7.substantial8.inaugurated9.notsomuch…as10.misrepresented)
B.Choosetherightwordfromtheboxgivenbelowforeachblank:
introducingconflicttechnologyknownstatusresultedsignificantdestroyedseedspowerworsethatledmethodscountriessuppliesdevelopmentdeclinedgrowthrateturnnumbershownsystemswiftlythat
1.The“GreenRevolution”
TheintroductionofnewvarietiesofriceandwheatinAsiaandLatinAmericahasbeen
(1)______asthe“GreenRevolution.”Sofarthenew
(2)
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