形容词副词的基本用法.docx
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形容词副词的基本用法.docx
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形容词副词的基本用法
系动词包括:
状态系动词:
be(am,is,are,was,were)
感官系动词:
feel,smell,sound,taste
表像系动词:
seem,appear,look
持续系动词:
keep,remain,stay,
变化系动词:
become,grow,turn,fall,
get,go,come,run,
一、形容词的用法
1、形容词在句中作定语,表语,宾语补足语。
Parisisabeautifulcity.(作定语)
Thefishwentbad.(作表语)
Ifeelhappy.(作表语)
Itsoundsgreat.(作表语)
Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.(作宾语补足语)
2、表示情感变化或心理感受方面的及物动词,在后面加上“-ed”或“-ing”后都可以构成形容词,但这两种不同形式的形容词在用法上有明显的区别。
interested,excited,bored,amazed,surprised,embarrassed,frightened,
pleased,terrified,tired等一般用在“人”作主语时,他们跟在be动词或系动
词后作表语,表示所修饰、陈述的人能体会到某种感觉,译为“对......感到......”
Thegirlis__________(terrify)ofbeingaloneathome.
I’m_________(please)withthefootballmatch.Wedidquitewellthistime.
Theboyfeltso___________tohearthe___________news.(excite)
interesting,exciting,boring,amazing,surprising,tiring,moving,thrilling,embarrassing等一般用在“物”作主语时,他们跟在be动词或系动词后作表语;另外他们也可以放在表示物的形容词前作定语,表示所修饰、陈述的物能令人有某种感觉,译为“令人(感到)......的”。
Thefootballmatchisvery_____________(interest).
OurEnglishteachercanalwaysmakeherlessons____________(interest).
Thegirlsaidthatshehadneverseensucha____________(bore)movie.
Someofthejokesthattheyplayedoneachotherwere______(embarrass).
常见带有-ed,-ing的形容词的变化形式及其固定短语搭配。
及物动词ed形式及常见短语ing形式
excite(使兴奋,使激动)beexcitedaboutexciting
surprise(使惊讶,使吃惊)besurprisedatsurprising
及物动词ed形式及常见短语ing形式
amaze(使吃惊)beamazedatamazing
embarrass(使尴尬)beembarrassedinembarrassing
encourage(使受鼓舞,鼓励)beencouragedat/byencouraging
frustrate(使失望,使沮丧)befrustratedoffrustrating
interest(使感兴趣)beinterestedininteresting
thrill(使激动/紧张)bethrilledatthrilling
terrify(使恐怖,使害怕)beterrifiedat/of/withterrifying
please(使高兴,使满意)bepleasedwithpleasing/pleasant
satisfy(使满意)besatisfiedwithsatisfying
frighten(使害怕,使惊惧)befrightenedat/offrightening
tire(使厌烦)betiredoftiring
bore(使厌烦)beboredwithboring
relax(使放松)relaxed(无固定搭配)relaxing
fascinate(使着迷)befascinatedbyfascinating
annoy(使烦恼)beannoyedwithannoying
move(使感动)bemovedbymoving
worry(使担忧)beworriedaboutworrying
confuse(使糊涂,使困惑)beconfusedaboutconfusing
depress(使沮丧)depressed(无精打采的)depressing沮丧的
3、有一些词再加上以下后缀后,多表示形容词:
-able/ible,-al/ical,-ful,-less,
-ous,-tive/sive,-y,-en,-ern等。
-able/ible
knowledge___有丰富知识的comfort___舒服的enjoy___愉快的
suit___合适的;适宜的drink___可以喝的reason___合理的
print___可印刷的poss___/imposs___可能的/不可能的terr___可怕的
-al/ical
usu__通常的person__私人的internation__国际的education__教育的
mus___音乐的techn___技术的histor___史学的med___医学的
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-ful
care___小心的;仔细的help___有帮助的use___有用的hope___有希望的thank___感谢的wonder___极好的;精彩的success___成功的
power___强大的pain___痛苦的peace___和平的
–less
care___粗心的help___没有帮助的use___无用的hope___没有希望的
home___无家可归的price___无价的end___无止境的job___失业的
sleep___失眠的wire___无线的
-ous
fam___著名的danger___危险的anxi___焦急的nerv___紧张不安的
seri___严肃的humor___幽默的preci___宝贵的;珍贵的
–tive/sive
ac___积极的crea___有创造力的attrac___有吸引力的sensi___敏感的
expen___昂贵的
-y
sunn__晴朗的wind__刮风的cloud__多云的rain__下雨的snow__下雪的
sleep__想睡觉的hair__多毛的milk__牛奶的;乳状的;乳白色的spic__辛辣的
-en
wood__木制的gold__金色的wool__羊毛质的
-ern
east___东方的south___南方的west___西方的north___北方的
4、有一些词是以ly结尾,但是他们不是副词而是形容词
表示时间的加ly的形容词;
daily每天的weekly每周的monthly每月的yearly每年的
表示人的加ly的形容词;
manly男子气的womanly女人气的
表示人的外貌、特征、性格、心理的加ly的形容词。
friendly有好的lovely可爱的;令人愉快的lively活波的;生动的;真实的
lonely寂寞的;孤单的
5、合成形容词。
warm-hearted热心的bad-tempered坏脾气的left-handed左撇子的
man-made人造的hand-made手工的second-hand二手的;旧的
hard-working勤劳的;勤奋的cold-blooded冷血的100-meter一百米的
two-year-old两岁的part-time业余的full-time专职的;全日制的
二、副词的用法
1、副词在句中可作状语,表语和定语。
Hestudiesveryhard.(作状语)
Lifehereisfullofjoy.(作定语)
Whenwillyoubeback?
(作表语)
副词是表示行为特征,动作方式以及性质特征等方面的一类词。
如slowly,well,
too,carefully,quite等。
副词可以修饰动词,形容词,其他的副词以及表示时
间、地点、程度等概念。
2、形容词变换成副词的方式。
一般形容词加上后缀“ly”转变成副词。
useful-__________main-__________strong-_________
一般“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,去掉y变为“ily”。
noisy-___________lucky-__________heavy-__________
happy-__________easy-__________
一般以le结尾的形容词,去“e”变成“y”。
terrible-__________probable-_________comfortable-_________
以“辅音字母+e”结尾的形容词,直接+ly。
wide-__________fortunate-__________
以“元音字母+e”结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加ly。
true-__________真实地;真诚地
3、方式副词一般都是回答“怎样的?
”这类问题的,常见的方式副词有:
bravely,
calmly,carefully,proudly,happily,rapidly,widely,slowly,warmly,angrily,suddenly,successfully,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight等。
*Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly.
*Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully.
*Thebirdsareflyinghigh.
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*Herunsveryfast.
三、完成以下练习。
用形容词和副词的适当形式填空。
1.Judyisa________worker.Sheworks________.(slow)
2.Paulisa________driver.Hedriveshiscar________.(careful)
3.Thetestwasvery________.Isolvedit________.(easy)
4.Theanswerwas______.Sheansweredallthequestions_______.(correct)
5.Theyarevery________.Theylive_________.(happy)
6.Hemadea__________move.Hestopped__________.(sudden)
7.Samisa________person.Healwaysspeaks_________.(quiet)
8.Davidisan________person.Hebehaves_________.(honest)
9.Thechildrenplayed_________.Thechildrenwere________.(noise)
10.Shestudies________(hard).Herschoolworkisvery________(well).
11.Itwasa________rain.Italsorained_________yesterday.(heavy)
12.Hishandwritingisvery_________.Hewritesvery_________.(clear)
13.Nadiadances__________.Sheisalsoa__________dancer.(beautiful)
14.Theygavea________reply.Theyreplied________.(rude)
15.Shetypes________.Hertypingspeedis________.(fast)
16.Mysister’sEnglishis_______.CanyouspeakEnglish________?
(fluent)
17.Mrs.Whiteshoutedattheboys______.Shewasvery_______.(angry)
18.Hebuys___________things.Helivesvery___________.(expensive)
19.“Theweatheris__________(wonderful).”Hesaid_________(loud).
20.Areyou__________inbasketball?
(interest)
21.Ienjoyedthefootballmatch.Itwasquite_________.(excite)
22.Thehousehadn´tbeencleanedforages.Itwasreally___________.(disgust).Ican’tstanditanymore.
23.Itwasareally___________experience.(terrify)
24.Iwillbevery__________ifhedoeswellinhistest.(surprise)
25.Didyouhearthe__________newsabouttheaccident?
(shock)
26.Doyoueasilyget__________?
(embarrass)
27.Iwasnot___________tobekeptwaitingsolong.(amuse)
28.Theseinstructionsareextremely__________.(confuse)
29.Itwasvery___________thathecouldn’tgohikingwithus.(disappoint).
30.Thewetweatherisso__________.Ifeelreally__________(depress)
31.She´ssucha________girl.Sheneverwantstogooutwithus.Thatmakesusreally________(boring).
32.I´malittle__________.IthoughtyourbirthdaywasnextWednesday.(confuse)
33.Don´tbetoo__________.EverythingwillbeOK.(depress)
34.Haveyouheardthe_________newsaboutAnn?
Shewonfirstprizeinthecookingcompetitionlastweek.(surprise)
四、从A,B,C,D四个选项中选出正确的答案。
()1.IhadahardtimewithmathandIwasn’t______togetthebadreport
frommymathteacher.(2010成都)
A.sureB.surprisedC.excited
()2.Tomisnotgoodatmath.Healwaysfeels_______beforehertakesa
mathtest.(2010浙江湖州)
A.interestedB.comfortableC.nervousD.proud
()3.--I’mgoingtoajobinterview.Ifeelalittle_______.
--Takeiteasy.Listeningtomusiccanhelpyourelax.(2010山西)
A.comfortableB.nervousC.excited
()4.--Areyouscaredoftheflight?
(2010武汉)
--No,justalittle________.
A.angryB.seriousC.anxiousD.calm
()5.--Waiter,$20fordinner,right?
(2010武汉)
--I’mafraid$25,sir,fordrinksare________.
A.extraB.freeC.highD.spare
()6.--Peterhasgoodgradesinallhissubjects,buthenevershowsoff.
--Iagree.Heisvery_________.(2010南京)
A.easy-goingB.imaginativeC.modestD.generous
()7.Youcan’tsneezeandkeepyoureyes_______atthesametime.
(2010江苏宿迁)
A.openB.opensC.openedD.opening
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()8.Mydogisgentleandneverbites.Soyouneedn’tbe_____.(2010上海)
A.excitedB.frightenedC.satisfiedD.interested
()9.--Ourteacherwantsustobe_____whenwetalkwiththeforeigners.
--Yes,weshouldbelieveinourselves.(2010湖北十堰)
A.comfortableB.confidentC.unusualD.energetic
()10.--I'm______,mum.CanIhavesomethingtodrink?
--OK.Here'ssomecola.(2010山东莱芜)
A.fullB.heavyC.hungryD.thirsty
()11.--LinTao,whyareyouso________?
(2010福建福州)
--BecauseWangMenggotthreegoldmedalsattheWinterOlympics.
A.excitedB.angryC.disappointed
()12.--Whatdoyouthinkofthesweater?
(2010湖北襄樊)
--It’stoo_________,andIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuyit.
A.niceB.lovelyC.popularD.expensive
()13.--Whyareyouunhappy,Ben?
(2010湖北襄樊)
--Iwaslateforclassagain,I’mafraidMissLiwillbe_______me.
A.friendlytoB.angrywithC.busywithD.proudof
()14.Hewasso_____whenheheardthe_____newsthathegotthe
firstprizeinthecontest.(2010湖北荆门)
A.exciting,excitingB.exciting,excited
C.excited,excitedD.excited,exciting
()15.--Whatdoyouthinkoftheentertainmentshowyousawlastnight?
--It’sso_______thatIwanttoseeitagain.(2010福建三明)
A.excitingB.boringC.tiring
()16.--Andy,youweretheonlypersonthatwaslateforthemeeting,why?
--Sorry,sir.ButIreallyhada______timefindingthe
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