高二英语人教版选修八unit5练习附答案解析.docx
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高二英语人教版选修八unit5练习附答案解析.docx
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高二英语人教版选修八unit5练习附答案解析
Unit5Meetingyourancestors
阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
A
ValentinaTereshkova—aspacepioneer
ValentinaTereshkovaparachuted(跳伞)outofover125aircraftbeforeshejumpedoutofthespacecraftVostok6.Thisunusualhobbyledtoherselectionforcosmonaut(宇航员)trainingandherachievementofbecomingthefirstwomaninspace.
AsateenagerTereshkovaworkedinafactoryandtookupparachutinginhersparetime.
WhenTereshkovawasselectedfortheSovietspaceprogrammein1962,shebecamethefirstpersonwithoutexperienceasatestpilot.Herselectionwasbasedonherparachutingskills.TereshkovawaschosentobethepilotoftheVostok6mission (任务).ShewasgiventhenameChaika,Russianfor‘seagull'.ThecraftliftedofffromTyuratamLaunchCentreon16thJune1963.Itre-enteredtheEarth'satmosphereon19thJuneandTereshkovaparachutedtotheground,landingnearKazakhstan,incentralAsia.
WilfredThesiger—AnExplorerofthe‘EmptyQuater’
WilfredThesigerwasoneofthegreatestexplorersandtravelwritersofthe20thcentury.Hediedin2003.Hisbooks,whichdescribehisjourneysinAfrica,AsiaandtheMiddleEast,havewonmanyliteraryprizes.HisbestknownbookisArabianSands,whichisabouttwojourneysthrough Arabia.Peoplehavepraisedhisdescriptioninthebookofthe ‘EmptyQuarter’,avast,waterlessdesert.Hespenttheyearstravellinginthe ‘EmptyQuarter’,oftenaccompaniedbytheBedu,thefiercetribespeople(部落人民)livinginthearea.
Thesigerfellinlovewiththedesert.Heenjoyedthe‘senseofspace,thesilence,andtheclearnessofthesand'.Itwasaplacewherehefoundpeaceandfriendship.HealsolearnedtolovetheBedu,andtheylearnedtorespecthim.Hebecameacompetentamateurdoctor.Hechosethe‘EmptyQuarter'forhisjourneysbecauseitwas‘oneoftheveryfewplaceswhereIcouldsatisfyanurgetogowhereothershadnotbeen'.
1.WhatcontributedtoTereshkova'sbeingselectedfortheSovietspaceprogramme?
A.Heryearsofspaceexperience.
B.Herjobasaparachuteinstructor.
C.Herexcellentparachutingskills.
D.Herworkexperienceinafactory.
2.WhatcanwelearnaboutWilfredThesiger'sbooks?
A.Theywereimaginative.
B.Theywereverypopular.
C.Theyreceivedmanycriticalreviews.
D.Theydescribedhisadventuresatsea.
3.WhatkindofrelationshipdidThesigerhavewiththeBedu?
A. Friendly.
B.Difficult.
C.Doctor-patient.
D.Teacher-student.
B
PhillisWheatleywasthefirstblackpoetin America topublishabook.Shewasbornin1753,inWestAfricaandbroughttoNewEnglandin1761,whereJohnWheatleyofBostonpurchasedherasagiftforhiswife.Althoughtheybroughtherintothehouseholdasaslave,theWheatleystookagreatinterestinPhillis'seducation.WheatleylearnedtoreadandwriteEnglishbytheageofnine,andshebecamefamiliarwithLatin,Greek,theBible,andselectedclassicsatanearlyage.Shebeganwritingpoetryatthirteen,modelingherworkontheEnglishpoetsofthetime,particularlyJohnMilton,ThomasGray,andAlexanderPope.Herpoem OntheDeathoftheRev.Mr.GeorgeWhitefield earnedWheatleynationalacclaim(称赞).
In1771,WheatleywentonatriptoLondon.ShewaswellreceivedinLondon.In1773,thirty-nineofherpoemswerepublishedinLondonas PoemsonVariousSubjects,ReligiousandMoral.Thebookincludesmanyelegies(挽歌)aswellaspoemsonChristianthemes;italsoincludespoemsdealingwithrace,suchas OnBeingBroughtfromAfricatoAmerica.
AfterMr.andMrs.Wheatleydied,Philliswaslefttosupportherselfasapoet.ItisunclearwhenWheatleywasfreedfromslavery,althoughscholarssuggestitoccurredbetween1774and1778.In1776,WheatleywrotealetterandpoeminsupportofGeorgeWashington;herepliedwithaninvitationtovisithiminCambridge,statingthathewouldbe“happytoseeapersonsofavoredbytheMuses.”Becauseofthewarandthepooreconomy,Wheatleyexperienceddifficultypublishingherpoems.Shebeggedsubscribersforanewvolume(卷)thatwouldincludethirty-threenewpoemsandthirteenletters,butwasunabletoraisethemoney.PhillisWheatley,whohadoncebeeninternationallycelebrated,diedaloneonDecember5,1784.Shewasthirty-oneyearsold.Manyofthepoemsforherproposed(提议的)secondvolumedisappearedandhaveneverbeenrecovered.
4.WhatdoweknowaboutPhillisWheatley?
A.Shewasbornintoawealthyfamily.
B.Shewonpublicpraiseforherpoems.
C.Shehadgreatinterestinslaves'education.
D.SheworkedwithmanyfamousEnglishpoets.
5.WhatdidPhillisWheatleydoin London?
A.Shelearnedtowriteelegies.
B.Shewrotedozensofpoems.
C.Shechangedherreligion.
D.Shewaspublished.
6.WhatwasGeorgeWashington'sattitudetowardPhillisWheatley?
A.Critical.
B.Worried.
C.Appreciative.
D.Sympathetic.
7.WhatcanweinferaboutWheatley'ssecondvolume?
A.Itwaswellreceived.
B.Itfailedtobepublished.
C.Itwasburnedinthewar.
D.Itwasgiventohersubscribers.
C
MattHeningerwasborninIdahoFalls,Idaho,andadoptedasababy.Hehadtriedinthepasttofindinformationabouthisbirthfamilybutaftermanyunsuccessfulattempts,hedecidedtoendhissearch.
AfterHeninger'swifeheardaboutaDNAtestofferedthroughA,hetookthetest.Heninger,wholivesinGilbert,Arizona,saidhewasn'tthinkingaboutfindinghisfamily;hejustwantedtofindouthisethnicity(种族渊源).
AncestryDNAisagenealogy(家谱) testingservicetohelppeoplediscoveralittlebitmoreabouttheirfamilystory.
“Ithoughtthatwasagreatthing,”Heningersaid.“Iknownowwheremybiologicalancestorsoriginatedfrom.Ithoughtthatwastheendofit.Ihadnoideawhatwouldhappennext.”
WhenHeningercheckedhisAncestryaccountinDecember2015,hehadreceivedamessagefromsomeonewhoseDNAmatchedas“closefamily/firstcousins”.ThatmessagewasfromJoyceBurgenerfromSpanishFork,Utah.
BurgenerhadtakentheAncestryDNAtestfouryearsagoandinAugust2015,shereceivedamessagethroughAthatshemayhaveapossiblefirstcousinmatch.ShesentamessagetoHeningerandwaited.
Heningersentanexplanationthathedidn'tknowanythingabouthisbiologicalfamily.Burgenerofferedtohelphim.
Astheycontinuedthecorrespondence(通信),amemorycametoBurgener'smindasshesoughttounderstandwhatherconnectiontoHeningercouldbe.
“Astrongimpressioncameuponmeandavividmemorycameintoview,”Burgenersaid.“IimmediatelyknewwhoMattHeningerwas—hewasmybrother.”
WhenBurgenerwas12yearsold,hermotherhadanotherchild,Heninger.Burgenerwasalreadyoneoffivechildrenandthefamilywaslivingaverypoorlife,sotheirmotherfeltthesituationrequiredthatsheplacethebabyforadoption.Becausetheadoptiondetailshadbeenkeptprivate,bothHeningerandBurgenerknewverylittleaboutthesituationuntiltheyconnectedthroughAncestryDNA.
“ThebestthingIlookedforwardtowasmeetingJoyceandgivingherahug.Ifeelmymomthroughher,”Heningersaid.
WiththehelpofAncestryDNA,Heningerwasabletomeethisbiologicalfamilyforthefirsttime.
8.WhydidMattHeningertaketheDNAtest?
A.Tofindhislostchild.
B.Toresearchongenealogy.
C.Toknowsomethingabouthisfamily.
D.TogainsomeknowledgeaboutDNA.
9.HowwouldHeningerhavefeltwhenhereceivedamessagefromJoyceBurgener?
A.Upset.
B.Embarrassed.
C.Pleasantlysurprised.
D.Slightlydisappointed.
10.WhatcanweinferaboutHeninger'sfamilywhenhewasborn?
A.Theyadoptedababy.
B.Theylivedahardlife.
C.Theyfacedmanysocialproblems.
D.TheymovedtoSpanishFork,Utah.
11.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.Uncoveringahiddenpast
B.Findingmywaybackhome
C.AncestryDNAconnectsyouwithyourdistantrelatives
D.AdoptedmanfindsbiologicalfamilythroughAncestryDNA
D
Mostadvertisinginancienttimeswasword-of-mouth,thatis,peoplelikedsomethingandtoldothersaboutit.Buteventhen,peopleadvertisedbyputtinginscriptions(题字)onwalls,forexampletodisplaypoliticalslogansandtoofferhouseholdgoodsforsale.Also,inRomeandGreece,inancienttimes,itwascommonforpeopletousepapyrus,akindofpaper,toadvertisethingstheyhadlostorfound.Thetraditionofwallorrockpaintingasawayofadvertisinggoodsisevenmoreancient.
Paintingdevelopedinthe15thand16thcenturies,andthisincreasedtheformsofadvertising.Handbills—smallprintednoticesandadvertisements—becamecommon.Then,bythe17thcentury,advertisementsstartedappearinginweeklynewspapersinEngland.Inthe19thcenturymailordercataloguesappeared,promotingallkindsofgoods.
Finally,advertisementsinthe1960sbecamemorecreativeandmoreinteresting.Also,theybegantodrawattentiontothe‘uniquesellingpoints',theUSPsofproducts.Thesearethequalitiesthatmakeaproductdifferentfromcompetitors'products.
Thesedays,advertisershavecomeupwithnewwaysofpromotingtheirproducts.Forexample,productplacementisnowcommon.ThisisadvertisinginTVprogrammesorfilmsbyhavingacharacter,preferablyplayedbyafamousactor,useaparticularproduct.Forexample,TomCruise'scharacterinthemovie,MinorityReport,hadacomputerwiththeNokialogo(商标)onit,andhiswatchwasclearlymadebyBulgari.
TVcommercialsareaveryeffectivemediumforadvertisers,thoughtheseareveryexpensive.Ifanorganisationwantstohavea30-secondTVadvertduringtheannualSuperbowlgameintheUnitedStates,theyhavetopayabout$2.5million.
Perhapsthemostinterestingdevelopment
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