LFM simulation that the predictionbased power management strategy can maintain a stable power reque.docx
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LFM simulation that the predictionbased power management strategy can maintain a stable power reque.docx
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LFMsimulationthatthepredictionbasedpowermanagementstrategycanmaintainastablepowerreque
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Thefourmajorprocessesinsuchsystems,includingtheflowdynamics,pressuredynamics,forcedynamics,andloaddynamics,arestudiedtodevelopafullnonlinearmodelthatencompassesallthemajornonlinearities.Thedevelopedsingle-input-single-outputmodeltakesthevalvecommandastheinputandcalculatesthethird-orderderivativeoftheloadpositionastheoutput.Sincethismodelisexpressedinthecontrolcanonicalform,nonlinearcontrolapproachescanbeeasilyapplied.Basedonthismodel,aslidingmodelcontrollerisdevelopedtoobtainrobustcontrolintheexistenceofmodeluncertaintiesanddisturbances.Thecontrollerisimplementedonanexperimentalsystem,andtheeffectivenessoftheproposedapproachdemonstratedbystepresponseandsinusoidaltrackingatdifferentfrequencies.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.NonlinearmodelofthePAM-actuatedservosystem
2.1.Startingwiththeloaddynamics
2.2.Incorporatingtheforcedynamics
2.3.Incorporatingthepressuredynamics
2.4.Incorporatingtheflowdynamics
3.SlidingmodecontrolofthePAM-actuatedservosystem
4.Experimentalresults
5.Conclusions
References
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94Automaticcontrolsystemforenergyoptimizationinmembranebioreactors?
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Desalination,Volume268,Issues1-3,1March2011,Pages276-280
GiulianaFerrero,HectorMoncl¨²s,GianluigiButtiglieri,JoaquimComas,IgnasiRodriguez-Roda
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AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences
Abstract
Thestudypresentedinthispaperinvolvesthedevelopmentandimplementationofaninnovative¡®performance-based¡¯controlsystemforaerationoptimizationinmembranebioreactors.Permeabilitywasappointedaskeyparameterfordirectlycomparingtemporarychangesinmembraneperformance.Transmembranepressure(TMP)andfluxaregatheredeach10?
sandpermeabilityvaluesareautomaticallycalculated;subsequentlydifferentmathematicalalgorithmsareappliedforthesignalfilteringofon-linedata.The¡®current¡¯permeabilitytrendiscompareddailytothe¡®reference¡¯permeabilitytrend,andthecontrolactionappliedisproportionaltotheratioofthepermeabilitycomparisonwithoutexceedingtheaerationflowrecommendedbymembranessuppliers.Moreover,aerationisfurtherreducedwhenpermeatefluxlowerthantheaveragedesignfluxisdetected,ifthefacilityisoperatedundervariablefluxes.Thevalidationwithdifferentmembraneconfigurationspermittedtosaveupto21%oftheenergyusedformembranesaeration.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.Materialsandmethods
2.1.UCT-MBRpilotplant
2.2.Controlsystemarchitecture
2.2.1.Dataacquisitionandprocessing
2.2.2.Control
2.2.3.Expertsupervision
3.Results
3.1.Validationatpilotscale
3.2.Biologicalnutrientremoval
4.Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
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Researchhighlights
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Importanttoolcapabletooptimizemembranesperformance.?
Automaticcontrolsystemsavesupto21%ofaerationnecessaryformembranesscouring.?
Controlsystemvalidatedatpilotscalewithdifferentmembraneconfigurations.?
Nointerferenceonmembranesfoulingandbiologicalnutrientremoval.
95DriversandbarriersofextendedsupplychainpracticesforenergysavingandemissionreductionamongChinesemanufacturers?
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OriginalResearchArticle
JournalofCleanerProduction,InPress,CorrectedProof,Availableonline8October2010
QinghuaZhu,YongGeng
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AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences
Abstract
Duetoincreasingenergyscarcityandenvironmentalissuesaswellasthegoaltodeveloplowcarbonsociety,theChinesegovernmentinitiatedacomprehensiveEnergySavingandEmissionReduction(ESER)programforsustainableproductionandconsumptionin2005.UndertheESERprogram,Chinesemanufacturershavestruggledtoreducetheirenvironmentalpollutionandenergyconsumption.ToachievetheirESERgoals,Chinesemanufacturersshouldcooperatewiththeirsuppliersandcustomers.However,itisnotclearhowtodriveChinesemanufacturerstoimplementextendedsupplychain(ESC)practicesforESERgoals,andwhatkindsofbarriersexist.Byutilizingatotalof299usablequestionnaires,wediddescriptiveanalysis.StatisticresultsshowthatChinesemanufacturersimplementESCpracticesforESERgoalsatalowlevel.Coercive,normativeandmimeticdriversaregenerallyweakwhileinternalbarriersarerelativelyhigher.WefurtherusedhierarchicalanalysistoexaminewhetherdriversmotivateChinesemanufacturerstoimplementESCpracticesforESERgoals,andwhetherbarriersimpedeESCpractices.Mainregressionresultsandimplicationsinclude:
(1)CoercivedriversdonotreallymotivateESCpracticesforESERgoals.TopromoteESCpracticesfortheESERgoals,theChinesegovernmentshouldenactstricterregulationsandstrengthentheirenforcementlevel.
(2)NormativedriversmotivateChinesemanufacturerstoimplementsustainablepurchasing.WiththeincreasingenvironmentalawarenessofChineseconsumers,Chinesemanufactureswillhavehighernormativedriversandthenbemoreproactivetoimplementsustainablepurchasing.(3)Mimeticdriverspromotebothsustainablepurchasingandsustainablecustomercooperation.Bylearningfrommanufacturersindevelopedcountries,especiallythoseoperatinginChina,ChinesemanufacturerstendtoimplementESCpracticeforESERgoals.(4)Internalbarriers,suchaslackoffinancialgains,resourceandcapability,aremainobstaclesfortheimplementationofsustainablecustomercooperation.Thus,howtoovercomeinternalbarriersisakeyforChinesemanufacturerstoeffectivelyandefficientlyimplementESCpracticesforESERgoals.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.Literaturereviewandhypotheses
2.1.DriversofESCpracticesforESERgoalsamongChinesemanufacturers
2.2.Barriers
3.Methodology
3.1.Questionnairedevelopmentanddatacollection
3.2.Factoranalysis
4.Resultsandimplications
4.1.Results
4.1.1.Descriptivestatisticresults
4.1.2.Regressionanalysisresults
4.2.Implications
4.2.1.Implicationsrelatedtoexternaldrivers
4.2.2.Implicationsrelatedtointernalbarriers
4.2.3.Implicationsrelatedtocontrolvariables
5.Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
Vitae
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96RobustnessofdampingcontrolimplementedbyEnergyStorageSystemsinstalledinpowersystems?
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OriginalResearchArticle
InternationalJournalofElectricalPower&EnergySystems,Volume33,Issue1,January2011,Pages35-42
W.Du,H.F.Wang,S.Cheng,J.Y.Wen,R.Dunn
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AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences
Abstract
AnEnergyStorageSystem(ESS)installedinapowersystemcaneffectivelydamppowersystemoscillationsthroughcontrollingexchangeofeitheractiveorreactivepowerbetweentheESSandpowersystem.ThispaperinvestigatestherobustnessofdampingcontrolimplementedbytheESStothevariationsofpowersystemoperatingconditions.Itproposesanewanalyticalmethodbasedonthewell-knownequal-areacriterionandsmall-signalstabilityanalysis.Byusingtheproposedmethod,itisconcludedinthepaperthatdampingcontrolimplementedbytheESSthroughcontrollingitsactivepowerexchangewiththepowersystemisrobusttothechangesofpowersystemoperatingconditions.WhileiftheESSdampingcontrolisrealizedbycontrollingitsreactivepowerexchangewiththepowersystem,effectivenessofdampingcontrolchangeswithvariationsofpowersystemoperatingcondition.Inthepaper,anexampleofpowersysteminstalledwithabatteryESS(BESS)ispresented.SimulationresultsconfirmtheanalyticalconclusionsmadeinthepaperabouttherobustnessofESSdampingcontrol.Laboratoryexperimentofaphysicalpowersysteminstalledwitha35?
kJ/7?
kWSuperconductingMagneticEnergyStorage(SMES)wascarriedouttoevaluatetheoreticalstudy.Resultsaregiveninthepaper,whichdemonstratethateffectivenessofSMESdampingcontrolrealizedthroughregulatingactivepowerisrobusttochangesofloadconditionsofthephysicalpowersystem.
ArticleOutline
1.Introduction
2.RobustnessofESSdampingcontrol
3.Simulationstudy
4.Studyoflaboratoryexperiment
5.Conclusions
Acknowledgements
AppendixA
AppendixB
AppendixC
References
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97ThechallengetoUKenergypolicy:
Anageingpopulationperspectiveonenergysavingmeasuresandconsumption?
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OriginalResearchArticle
EnergyPolicy,Volume39,Issue2,February2011,Pages782-789
NeveenHamza,RoseGilroy
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AbstractAbstract|Figures/TablesFigures/Tables|ReferencesReferences
Abstract
Withafocusontheresidentialsector,thispaperexploresthelikelihoodoftheUKgovernmentmeetingitsenergytargets.Thepapercontendsthatenergypolicyneedstotakeintoaccounttheinterplayoffourmajorfactors:
anageingpopulationofincreasingdiversity;aculturalinclinationforolderhousingmuchofwhichisthermallyinefficient;levelsoffuelpoverty;andtheinexorableriseofconsumerspendingonleisurerelatedservicesandgoods.Decisionsmadebyolderhouseholds(boththepoorerandthebetteroff)maybecriticaltothesuccessofenergypolicy.Amongthebetteroffthechangingexpectationsofthebabyboomers,withtheirpredilectionforconsumptionandtravel,mayhaveparticularim
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