职称英语第四部分阅读理解.docx
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职称英语第四部分阅读理解.docx
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职称英语第四部分阅读理解
第四部分阅读理解
第四部分阅读理解
第一篇TellingTalesaboutPeople第二篇Outside-the-classroomLearningMakesaBigDifference
第三篇Sharkattack!
第四篇FeastonTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgiving
第五篇TheTravelsofIbnBattuta第六篇TVShowsandLongBusTrips
第七篇ModernSunWorshippers第八篇TheChangingMiddleClass
第九篇Single-parentKidsDoBest第十篇ALetterfromAlan
第十一篇TheDevelopmentofBallet第十二篇Smuggling
第十三篇TheBarbieDolls第十四篇Sleep
第十五篇OrbitalSpacePlane第十六篇TheSahara
第十七篇EiffelIsanEyeful第十八篇GoalofAmericanEducation
第十九篇TheFamily第二十篇TalesoftheTerriblePast
第二十一篇SpacinginAnimals第二十二篇SomeThingsWeKnowaboutLanguage
第二十三篇TheOnlyWayIsUp第二十四篇CloneFarm
第二十五篇Income第二十六篇SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgo
第二十七篇ImportanceofServices第二十八篇TheNationalParkService
第二十九篇FindYourselfPackingItOn?
BlameFriends.第三十篇“Lucky”LordLucan-----AliveorDead
第三十一篇PoolWatch第三十二篇TheCherokeeNation
第三十三篇OseolaMcCarty已经考过
第一篇TellingTalesaboutPeople
Oneofthemostcommontypesofnonfiction,andonethatmanypeopleenjoyreading,isstoriesaboutpeople'slives.Thesestoriesfallintothreegeneralcategories:
autobiography,memoir,andbiography.
Anautobiographyisthestoryofaperson'slifewrittenbyhimselforherself.Oftenitbeginswiththeperson'searliestrecollectionsandendsinthepresent.Autobiographywritersmaynotbeentirelyobjectiveinthewaytheypresentthemselves.However,theyofferthereaderagoodlookatthewaytheyareandwhatmakesthemthatway.PeopleasdiverseasBenjarminFranklinandHelenKellerhavewrittenautobiographies.1Otherwriters,suchasJamesJoyce,havewrittenthinlyfictionalizedaccountsoftheirlives.Thesearenotautobiographies,buttheyareveryclosetoit.
Memoirs,strictlyspeaking,areautobiographicalaccountsthatfocusasmuchontheeventsofthetimesasonthelifeoftheauthor.2Memoirwriterstypicallyusetheseeventsasbackdropsfortheirlives.Theydescribethemindetailanddiscusstheirimportance.Recently,though,thetermmemoirseemstobebecominginterchangeab1ewithautobiography.Amemoirnowadaysmayormaynotdealwiththeoutsideworld.
Biographiesarefactualaccountsofsomeoneelse'slife.Inmanysenses,thesemaybethehardestofthethreetypestowrite.Autobiographywritersknowtheeventstheywriteaboutbecausetheylivedthem.Butbiographywritershavetogatherinformationfromasmanydifferentsourcesaspossible.Thentheyhavetodecidewhichfactstoinclude.Theirgoalistopresentabalancedpictureofaperson,notonethatisoverlypositiveortoocritical.Afairwell-presentedbiographymaytakeyearstoresearchandwrite.
练习:
1.ThispassageismostlyaboutA.
A.thecharacteristicsofautobiographies,memoirs,andbiographies
B.famousautobiographies
C.whybiographycanbedifficulttowrite
D.differencesbetweenautobiographiesandmemoirs
2.HelenKellerwroteB.
A.amemoirB.anautobiography
C.aworkoffictionD.abiography
3.AutobiographywritersarenotalwaysobjectivebecausetheyC.
A.feeltheyhavetomakeupdetailstomaketheirbookssell
B.constantlycompetewithbiographywriters
C.wanttopresentthemselvesinagoodlight
D.havetroublerememberingthegoodtimes
4.ThewriterintroduceseachcategoryinthepassagebyA.
A.definingitB.givinganexample
C.explainingwhyitishardtowrite
D.tellingwhenpeoplefirstbeganwritingit
5.DiversemeansC.
A.abletoswimindeepwaterB.similaroralike
C.variedordifferentD.enjoyingpoetry
第二篇Outside-the-classroomLearningMakesaBigDifference
Puttingabunchofcollegestudentsinchargeofa$300,000DanceMarathon,fundraisersurelysoundsabitrisky.Whenyouconsiderthefactthatthemoneyissupposedtobegiventochildreninneedofmedicalcare,youmightcalltheideacrazy.
Moststudentleadersdon'twanttospendalargeamountoftimeonsomethingtheycarelittleabout,said22-year-oldUniversityofFloridastudentDarrenHeitner.HewastheDanceMarathon'soperationsofficerfortwoyears.
YvonneFangmeyer,directorofthestudentorganizationofficeattheUniversityofWisconsin,conducted'asurveyinFebruaryofstudentsinvolvedincampusorganizations.Shesaidthedesireforfriendshipwasthemostfrequentlycitedreasonforjoining.
AtlargeuniversitieslikeFangmeyer's,whichhasmorethan40,000students,thestudentsfirstofallwanttofindawayto,belongintheirowncomerofcampus".
KatieRowley,aWisconsinsenior,confirmsthesurvey'sfindings."IwantedtomakethecampusfeelsmallerbyjoininganorganizationwhereIcouldnotonlygetinvolvedoncampusbutalsofindagroupoffriends."
Allofthistalkoffriendship,however,doesnotmeanthatstudentsaren'tthinkingabouttheirresumes."Ithinkthatalotofpeopledojointo'fattenuptheirresume',"saidHeitner."Atthebeginningofmycollegecareer,Ijoinedafewoftheseorganizations,hopingtogetastartinmyleadershiproles."
Butwithoutpassionstudentleaderscanhaveadifficulttimetryingtoweatherthestormsthatcome.Forexample,inApril,severalstudentorganizationsatWisconsinteamedupforaneventdesignedtoeducatestudentsabouthomelessnessandpoverty.Studentleadershadtofacetheproblemofsolvingdisagreements,movingtheeventbecauseofrainyweather,anddealingwiththeuniversity'scomplicatedbureaucracy.
"Outside-oftheclassroomlearningreallymakesabigdifference,"Fangmeyersaid.
练习:
1.Anextracurricularactivitylikeraisingafundof$300,000isriskybecausemoststudentleadersD.
A)arelazyB)arestupid
C)arenotrichenoughD)willnottakeaninterestinit
2.AmericanstudentsjoincampusorganizationsmostlyforC.
A)makingadifferenceB)gainingexperience
C)buildingfriendshipD)improvingtheirresumes
3.WhoisKatieRowley?
B.
A)She’saseniorprofessorB)She’saseniorstudent
C)She’saseniorofficialD)She’saseniorcitizen
4.Whatdostudentleadersneedtocarryanactivitythroughtoasuccessfulend?
A
A)PassionB)MoneyC)PowerD)Fame
5.Thephrasalverbfattenupinparagraph6couldbebestreplacedbyC.
A)inventB)rewriteC)polishD)complete
第三篇Sharkattack!
Craigrogerswassittingonhissurfboard,scanningthedistanceforhisnextwave,whenhisboardsuddenlystoppedmoving.helookeddownandwasterrifiedtoseeagreatwhitesharkbitingthefrontofhisboard.”Icouldhavetoucheditseyewithmyelbow,”sayscraig.Thesharkhadsurfacedsoquietlythathehadn’theardathing.
Inhishorrorandconfusion,hewavedhisarmsandaccidentallycuttowofhisfingersontheshark’steeth.Hethenslidofftheoppositesideofhissurfboardintothewater.Then,withCraiginthewaterandbloodflowingfromhisfingers,thefive-meter-longsharksimplyswamaway,disappearingintothewaterbelow.
Althoughsharksareoftencategorizedaskillersthathuntandeatasmanyhumansasthencan,thisisfactuallyinaccurate.Sharksveryrarelykillhumans,Apersonhasagreaterchanceofbeingstruckbylightningordrowninginabaththanofbeingkilledbyashark.Only74peoplehavebeenreportedkilledbygreatwhitesinthelastcentury.Butgreatwhitesharkscanreachsixmetersinlengthandweigh2200kilogramsormore.Withfrighteningjawsthatcanholdupto3000teetharrangedinseveralrows,theycouldveryeasilykillandeatahelplesshumaninthewater.Whyisit,then,thatmostpeoplesurviveattacksbygreatwhites?
Sharkresearchersaretryingtocomprehendthereasonsthatallowpeopletoescapewithoutbeingeaten.
Themostcommonexplanationisthatgreatwhitesdon’tseewell.Ithasbeenthoughtthattheymistakepeopleforthesealsorsealionswhichmakeupalargepartoftheirdiet.Thereisreasontodoubtthis,however.Recentinformationshowsthatgreatwhitescanactuallyseeverywell.Also,whenaccackingseals,greatwhitesshoopuptothesurfaceandbitewithgreatforce.Whenapproachinghumans,however,theymostoftenmoveinslowlyandbitelesshard.Theysoondiscoverthathumansarenotahigh-fatmeal.”Theyspitusoutbecausewe’retoobony,”saysAidanMartin,directorofReefQuestCenterforSharkResearch.
SharkresearcherslikeMartinhypothesizethatgreatwhitesareactuallycuriousanimalsthatliketoinvestigatethings.It’spossiblethattheyusetheirbitenotonlytokillandeat,butalsotogatherinformation,AlthoughsuchanexperienceisunluckyforpeoplelikeCraigRogers,whensharksbitesurfboardsorotherobjectsorpeople,theyarelikelyjusttryingtolearnwhattheyare.
练习:
1.AfterCraigRogersfellintothewater,thesharkC.
A)bithissurfboardB)bithisfingers
C)swamawayD)attackedhim
2.ItisdifficultfortheauthortounderstandwhygreatwhitesA.
A)oftenlethumansescapeB)killhumans
C)havesomanyteethD)growtosixmetersormore
3.Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtomakeupinline2ofparagraph4?
B
A)createB)areC)increaseD)dependupon
4.Thewordtheirinline2ofparagraph4meansB.
A)people’sB)greatwhites’C)sealions’D)seals’
5.Whatisthemainideaoftheforthparagraph?
C
A)Greatwhiteseatlow-fat,bonymealsmoreslowly.
B)Greatwhitesseewellenoughtoincludeseals,sealions,andhumansintheirdiet
C)Wenowknowgreatwhitesdon’tmistakehumansforotheranimals.
D)Thereisreasontodoubtthatgreatwhitesseewellenoughtoattackhumans.
第四篇FeastonTurkeyandGoodWishesatThanksgiving
FourweeksagoUSchildrendressedasmonstersandaskedforsweets.ThatwasHalloweenInafewweeksAmericanhouseswillberedandgreenandfilledwithpresents,forChristmas.
Asifallthisisn
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