学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiology单元检测北师大版选修7.docx
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学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiology单元检测北师大版选修7.docx
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学年高中英语Unit21HumanBiology单元检测北师大版选修7
Unit21HumanBiology
(时间:
100分钟 满分:
120分)
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Nooneknowswhywesleep,butit’scertainthatweneedto.Peoplewhoarepreventedfromsl
eepingbegintosufferobviouseffectsafterafewdays—theythinklessclearly,andtheyfallasleepduringtheworkinghours;somemayhavehallucinations(幻觉).
Therearenorulesaboutsleep.Generallyspeaking,grown-upssleepaboutsevenandahalfhourseachnightandprobablymorethansixtypercentgetbetweensevenandeighthours.Butperhapseightpercentarequitehappywithfivehoursorless,andfourpercentorsofindthattheywanttenhoursormore.Ifyoufeelallright,you’reprobablygettinge
noughsleep.Theimportantthingisnottoworryhowmuchotherpeopleget—theirneedsmaybedifferent.Exercisedoesn’tseemtoincreasetheneedforsleep—officeworkers,forexample,sleepforaboutaslongaspeopledoingphysicallyactivework.
Childrensleepmorethangrown-ups—perhapsfourteentoe
ighteenhourssoonafterbirth,goingdowntogrown-uplevelsbyearlyteenage.Sleeppatternsalsotendtobedifferentintheelderly,whomaysleeplessatnightthantheydidwhenyounger,findsleepgettingmorebroken,andoftenmakeitaruletosleepduringthedaytime.
1Accordingtothepassage,somepeopleareunabletothinkclearlybecause .
A.theyhavehallucinations
B.theyfeelsleepyduringtheworkinghours
C.theydon’thaveenoughsleep
D.theyarecertaintob
ekeptfromgoingtobed
解析A、B两项是睡眠不足的结果而不是导致人们思维不清的主要原因,故A、B项错误。
D项也不能说明原因。
由第二段我们知道,睡眠不足是引起人们思维混乱的根本原因。
答案C
2WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Allgrown-upsmusthaveatleasteight-hoursleep.
B.Mostgrown-upssleepforsevenoreighthourseachnight.
C.Quiteafewpeopleneedonlyfivehoursorlessforthemtosleep.
D.Nogrown-upssleepmorethantenhours.
解析短文的第二段有交代:
60%以上的成年人大约睡7~8个小时。
答案B
3Whetheryouhavegotenoughsleepisjudgedby .
A.howmanyhoursyouhaveslept
B.howmanyhoursyouneedtosleep
C.whetheryoudoexerciseandphysicalwork
D.whetheryoufeelfreshandenergetic
解析判断人们是否得到足够的睡眠,不是根据睡眠时间的长短,而是人们是否精神焕发地去从事一天的工作与学习。
答案D
4Accordingtothepassage,aboyof14yearsoldismostlikelytosleep .
A.aslongasagrown-up
B.muchlongerthanagrown-up
C.forfourteenhourseachnight
D.forlessthaneighthourspernight
解析14岁的男孩子属于earlyteenage。
从第三段第一句“...goingdowntogrown-uplevelsbyearlyteenage.”可知他们的睡眠时间与成人相同。
答案A
B
(导学号59260029)
Manyanimalsrecognizetheirfoodbecausetheyseeit.Sodohumans.Whenyouseeanappleorapieceofchocolate,youknowthatthesearethingsyoucaneat.Youcanalsouseothersenseswhenyouchooseyourfood.Youmaylikeitbecauseitsmellsgoodorbecauseittastesgood.Youmaydislikesometypesoffoodbecausetheydonotlook,smellortasteverynice.Differentanimalsusedifferentsensestofindandchoosetheirfood.Afewanimalsdependononlyoneoftheirsenses,whilemostanimalsusemorethanonesense.
Althoughtherearemanydifferenttypesoffood,someanimalsspendtheirliveseatingonlyonetype.Thepandaeatsonlyoneparticulartypeofbamboo.Otheranimalseatonlyonetypeoffoodevenwhengiventhechoice.Akindofwhitebutterflywillstayontheleavesofacabbage,eventhoughthereareplentyofothervegetablesinthegarden.However,mostanimalshaveamorevaried(多样的)diet.Thebeareatsfruits,honey(蜂蜜)andfish.Thefoxeatssmallanimals,birdsandfruits.Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.
Humanshaveaveryvarieddiet.Weofteneatfoodbecausewelikeitandnotbecauseitisgoodforus.IncountriessuchasFranceandBritain,peopleeatfoodwithtoomuchsugar.Thismakesthemoverweight,whichisbadfortheirhealth.Eatingtoomuchredmeatandanimalproducts,suchasbutter,canalsobebadforthehealth.Choosingtherightfood,therefore,hasbecomeanareaofstudyinmodernlife.
5Wecaninferfromthepassagethathumansandanimals .
A.dependononesensewhenchoosingfood
B.arenotsatisfiedwiththeirfood
C.choosefoodinsimilarways
D.eatentirelydifferentfood
解析由第一段内容可知人和动物在选择食物上有许多相似之处。
答案C
6Whichofthefollowingeatsonlyonetypeoffood?
A.Thewhitebutterfly.B.Thesmallbird.
C.
Thebear.D.Thefox.
解析由第二段的描述可知A项正确。
答案A
7Certainanimalschangetheirchoiceoffoodwhen .
A.theseasonchanges
B.thefoodcolourchanges
C.theymovetodifferentplaces
D.theyareattractedbydifferentsmells
解析由第二段最后一句话“Thedietoftheseanimalswillbedifferentdependingontheseason.”可知答案为A项。
答案A
8Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat .
A.foodischosenforagoodreason
B.theFrenchandBritishfoodisgood
C.somepeoplehavefewchoicesoffood
D.somepeoplecarelittleabouthealthydiet
解析最后一段主要讲人们经常吃自己喜欢的食物,而不会太在意饮食健康问题。
答案D
C
(导学号59260030)
Everthinkyoumighthaveanadoptedtwinsomewhere?
It’safairlycommonchildhoodfantasy.
ButfortwolittlegirlsadoptedfromChinatwoyearsago,thefantasyturnedouttobetrue.
Theirnewmoms,wholiveinIllinoisandFlorida,metonanInternetsiteforparentswhohaveadoptedchildreninChina.Whentheyrealizedthattheirdaughters,now3,hadcomefromthesameorphanage,theybegancomparingphotosandotherinformation.Thatledtogeneticteststhatconfirmedtheirsuspicion:
thegirlsaretwins.
What’smore,bothwerenamedMiabytheirnewparents.
“It’samiracle,”saidHollyFunk,oneofthemoms.“Intheseaofhumanity,thesekidsfoundeachother.”
ThegirlshadbeenabandonedonasidewalkinYangzhouaboutaweekapart.WhentheywerereunitedinIllinoistwoweeksago,theyshylyeyedeachother,andthenreachedfortheother’shand.
Thetwofamiliesplanonlotsofvisitsinthecomingyears.
About120,000kidsareadoptedintheUnitedStateseachyear.Nearly8,000ChinesechildrenwereadoptedbyAmericansin2005,accordingtoU.S.officials.
9Whichofthefollowingcanpossiblybethetitleofthepassage?
A.TwoAmericanMoms
B.ChildrenAdoptedbyAmericans
C.Haven’tISeenYouBefore
D.AbandonedChineseTwins
解析文章讲述的是被分别收养的双胞胎奇迹般地再次相聚的故事。
C项不仅符合文章内容,而且生动有趣,故C项为最佳选项。
答案C
10ThemomsdidallthefollowingEXCEPT .
A.comparingphotosandotherinformation
B.doinggenetictests
C.meetingontheInternet
D.gettingthetwinsreunitedinIllinois
解析根据第三段中“metonanInternetsite”与“comparingphotosandothe
rinformation”可知A、C两项正确;根据第三段最后一句以及常识可以判断B项不可能是她们两个自己做的,因此答案为B项。
答案B
11Theunderlinedword“That”inParagraph3refersto .
A.childhoodfantasy
B.themom’ssuspicion
C.anInternetsite
D.thecomparisonofphotosandotherinformation
解析that在此处是代词,用来代替上文提到的“...theybegancomparingphotosandotherinformation.”。
答案D
12WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?
A.Thetwinswillpaymorevisitstoeachotherinthecomingyears.
B.It’squitebychancethatthetwogirlsfoundeachother.
C.Nearly7%ofallthekidsadoptedintheU.S.arefromChina.
D.Thetwogirlswereadoptedtwoyearsago.
解析根据倒数第二段可知A项正确;根据第二段以及文中“It’samiracle”可知B项正确;根据第二段中的“adoptedfromChinatwoyearsago”可知D项正确;根据最后一段中的“About120,000kidsareadoptedintheUnitedStateseachyear.Nearly8,000ChinesechildrenwereadoptedbyAmericansin2005...”可知C项不正确。
答案C
D
(导学号59260031)
TheDietZone:
ADangerousPlace
DietCoke,dietPepsi,dietpills,no-fatdiet,vegetablediet...Wearesurroundedbytheword“di
et”everywherewelookandlisten.Wehavesoeasilybeenattractedbythepromiseandpotentialofdietproductsthatwehavestoppedthinkingaboutwhatdietproductsaredoingtous.Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologicallyandphysically.
Dietproductssignificantlyweakenuspsychologically.Ononelevel,we
arenotallowingourbrainstoadmitthatourweightproblemslienotinactuallylosingweight,butincontrollingtheconsumptionoffatty,high-calorie,unhealthyfoods.Dietproductsallowustojumpoverthethinkingstageandgostraightforthescale(秤)instead.Allwehavetodoistoswalloworrecognizetheword“diet”infoodlabels.
Onanotherlevel,dietproductshavegreaterpsychologicaleffects.Everytimewehaveazero-caloriedrink,wearetellingourselveswithoutourawarenessthatwedon’thavetoworktogetresults.Dietproductsmakepeoplebelievethatgaincomeswithoutpain,andthatlifecanbewithoutresistanceandstruggle.
Thedangerofdietproductsliesnotonlyinthepsychologicaleffectstheyhaveonus,butalsointhephysicalharmthattheycause.Dietfoodscanindirectlyharmourbodiesbecauseconsumingtheminsteadofhealthyfoodsmeanswearepreventingourbodiesfromhavingbasicnutrients(营养成分).Dietfoodsanddietpillscontainzero-calorieonlybecausethedietindustryhascreatedchemicalstoproducethesewonderproducts.Dietproductsmaynotbenutritional,andthechemicalsthatgointodietproductsarepotentiallydangerous.
Nowthatweareawareoftheeffectsthatdietproductshaveonus,itistimetoseriouslythinkaboutbuyi
ngthem.Losingweightliesinthepowerofminds,notinthepowerofchemicals.Oncewerealizethis,wewillbemuchbetterabletoresistdietproducts,andthereforepreventthepsychologicalandphysicalharmthatcomesfromusingthem.
13FromParagraph1,welearnthat .
A.dietproductsfailtobringoutpeople’spotential
B.peoplehavedifficultyinchoosingdietproducts
C.dietproductsaremisleadingpeople
D.peoplearefedupwithdietproducts
解析从第一段“Wearepayingforproductsthatharmuspsychologicallyandphysically.”可知我们正为对我们造成身体上和心理上的伤害的食品买单。
答案C
14InParagraph3,“gaincomeswithoutpain”probablymeans .
A.losingweightiseffortless
B.itcostsalottoloseweight
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