imcorr软件使用方法.docx
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imcorr软件使用方法.docx
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imcorr软件使用方法
IMCORRRelease1.1
$Date:
2000-03-0214:
12:
28-07$
倒不是试验参数,读数据成了最大的问题
(Note:
Thisfile,themakefiles,andacoupleofotherdetailsaboutthe
distributionhavebeenslightlyeditedandputunderrevisioncontrolbyBruce
Raup.Thesoftwareisfunctionallyunchanged(exceptforoneminor
compile-timeoption),butthereleasenumberisnolonger1.0.Ifyouhave
commentsorsuggestionsforchangesoradditions,pleasesendthemtoB.
RaupandT.Scambos.)
NotesonusingIMCORRimage-to-imagegreylevelcorrelationsoftware
T.Scambos
(1)
M.Fahnestock
(2)
R.Bindschadler(3)
B.Raup(4)
(1)NationalSnowandIceDataCenterCIRESCampusBox449;154030thSt.
UniversityofColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USA
vox:
303/492-1113fax:
303/492-2468net:
teds@icehouse.colorado.edu
(2)JointCenterforEarthSystemScience,DepartmentofMeterology,
UniversityofMaryland,CollegePark,MDUSA
voice:
301/405-5384net:
mark@firn.gsfc.nasa.gov
(3)Code971NASA/GoddardSpaceFlightCenterGreenbeltMD20771USA
Voice:
301/286-4717or301/286-2142Fax:
301/286-2717
Internet:
iceflow@laural.gsfc.nasa.gov(IP:
128.183.47.79)
(4)NationalSnowandIceDataCenter,CIRES;CampusBox449;154030thSt.
UniversityofColoradoBoulderCO80309-0449USA
Phone:
303-492-8814fax:
303-492-2468net:
braup@kryos.colorado.edu
INTRODUCTION
Thefollowingdocumentationisintendedtohelpinterestedusersacquire
andbeginusingIMCORR,asimpleimagecross-correlationprogramwhichcan
beusedtofindoffsetsoffeaturesinapairofimages.Thissoftware
usessubroutines【子程序,随源程序的原始码】foundwithinLAS5.0,anextensiveimageprocessing
packagewritteninFORTRANatNASA/Goddard.IMCORRconsistsofthese
subroutinesandasimpleCroutinethatactsasafrontend.Allthe
subroutinesrequiredfordisplacementanalysisarewithinthedirectory
associatedwiththisdocumentfile.
IMCORR
IMCORRtakestwoimagesandaseriesofinputparametersandattemptsto
matchsmallsubscenes(called'chips'【小窗口】)fromthetwoimages.Theprogram
usesafastfouriertransform【FFT快速傅里叶变换】-basedversionofanormalized
cross-covariance【正交互协方差】method(seeBerenstein,1983;alsoScambosetal.,1992).
Themostcommonuseofthistypeofalgorithminimageprocessingisto
accuratelylocatetie-point【连接点,栓点】pairsintwoimagestocoregisterthem.
However,iftheimagesarealreadycoregisteredbyothermeans,the
algorithmmaybeusedtofindthedisplacementsofmovingfeatures,
providedthatthefeaturesshowlittlechangeintheirappearance,andthat
themotionisstrictlytranslational【平动,直线】.IMCORRtakesasinputtheimage
namesandsizes,parametersdeterminingsearchchipsize,referencechip
size,gridspacing,andoutputfilename.【全部参数】Further,presetoffsetsofsearch
chipcentersmaybespecified,andsubareasofthefullimagefilesmaybe
usedtorestricttheareaoverwhichIMCORRattemptstofinddisplacements.
AteachofthegridpointsIMCORRcalculatesacorrelationindexforevery
locationatwhichthereferencechipwillentirelyfitwithinthesearch
chip.IMCORRtakesthecorrelationvaluesinthevicinityofthebest
integer-pixel【整数像素】matchandinterpolatesapeakcorrelationlocationto
sub-pixelprecision.Theprogramreturnsafilecontainingthelocations
ofthegridcentersforthereferencechips,thedisplacementsrequiredto
bestmatchthechippairs(orindicatesthatnonecouldbefound),and
severalqualitycontrolparametersthatmaybeusedtoevaluatethe
validityofthematch.Weusethisprogramtomeasureglaicervelocities;
however,thesameprogrammaybeusefulforotherapplications.
Itisimportantforthereadertounderstandthatallofthecorrelation,【相互关联】
peakfinding,anderrorestimationisdonebytheFORTRANsubroutinesfrom
LAS,whichwaswrittenbyothersatNASAlongbeforetheauthorsofthis
documentwereinvolvedinimageanalysis.WehavesimplyaddedtheCcode
whichmakestheuseoftheseroutinesmorestraightforwardandautomated
forvelocity-mappingapplications.
Apaperdescribingthedetailsofthistechniqueandthepreprocessingof
imagesrequiredtooptimizethedisplacementmeasurementsispublishedin
RemoteSensingofEnvironment(Scambosetal.,1992;seebibliography).We
willgladlyprovideapreprintuponrequest.
GETTINGTHESOFTWARE
Thelatestdistributionforimcorrisat
http:
//www-nsidc.colorado.edu/NSIDC/ANTARCT_VELOC/imcorr.html.
LOADINGTHESOFTWARE
Transfertheentirecontentsofthe'distribution'directorytoyour
workstation(thetutorialdiscussionbelowwillassumeyouhavetransferred
thefourtestimageswehaveincludedinthedirectory).Thisdirectoryis
roughly1.25Mbytes,andcontainsthefollowingfiles:
conv.y87testimagefile
conv.y89testimagefile
correlate.hHeaderfileforimcorr.c
cross.fFORTRANsource
esterr.fFORTRANsource
eval.fFORTRANsource
fang.y87testimagefile
fang.y89testimagefile%看样子有两组完整的实验数据
fft2d.fFORTRANsource
fitreg.fFORTRANsource
gcorr.fFORTRANsource
gnorm.fFORTRANsource
imcorr.cCsource
kvert.fFORTRANsource
makefile.LinuxmakefileforLinuxmachines%要用到的makefile
makefile.SGImakefileforSiliconGraphicsmachines
makefile.SUNmakefileforSunMicrosystemsmachines
README.txtthisfile
sums.fFORTRANsource
test1.outExampleoutputfile
test2.outExampleoutputfile
test3.outExampleoutputfile
TO_DO.txtlistofto-do's
COMPILE-TIMEOPTION
Beforecompiling,youcanuncomment(deletethe'#'character)thelinein
themakefilethatsays
#DEFS=-DCOMMANDLINE
Thiswillcauseimcorrtoprintthecommand-linethatwasissuedatthe
shellpromptasthefirstlineintheoutputfile,precededbya'#'
character.
【正式编译的时候,可以反注释(本来是注释的,删掉注释符号),但是如果不删掉也没关系吧?
只是在文件开头有所区别】
HOWTOCOMPILE
TheIMCORRsourcecodeisroughly65kilobytes.ItrequiresbothCandFORTRAN
compilers.Itcontainsnographicscommandsineitherlanguage,andshouldbe
relativelyeasytoporttoavarietyofsystems.WeuseSiliconGraphics
workstations;thesoftwarehasalsobeencompiledonSUNSparcstationsand
Linuxmachines.WehaveincludedmakefilefilesforSGI,Linux,andSUN
workstations.Togenerateanexecutablefilefromthesourcecode,type:
prompt>make-fmakefile.[SUNorSGIorLinux]imcorr,产生可执行文件
Onanysystem,toremovetheobjectfiles,type:
prompt>make-fmakefile.[SUNorSGIorLinux]clean
Ifyouwantorneedtomakeanychangestothemakefile,werecommend:
prompt>cpmakefile.[SUNorSGIorLinux]Makefile
prompt>viMakefile(makechangeswithwhatevereditoryoulike)
prompt>make
Bydefault,makeuses"Makefile"asinput,ifitexists.
Allofthesemakefilesproduceanexecutablefilenamedimcorr.
INPUTPARAMETERS
ThisIMCORRversiontakeseither5,10,or14inputparameters,【重载函数可默认设置】whichare
typedonthesamelineasthe'imcorr'commandseparatedbyspaces.Simply
typing'imcorr'andreturngivesalistoftherequiredinputparameters
foreachofthesethreeformats.
ListofInputParameters:
referenceimagefilename(generallytheolderimage)
searchimagefilename(generallythenewerimage)
numberofpixelsperlineinimages(nodefault)
numberoflinesinimages(nodefault)
outputfilename(doesnotneedtoexistpriortoarun)
searchchipsizeinpixels
(default:
64;mustbedivisibleby16,lessthanorequalto256;
entering'32'meansasearchchipof32x32pixels)
referencechipsizeinpixels
(default:
32;mustbedivisibleby16,lessthanorequalto128;
entering'32'meansarefchipof32x32pixels)
gridspacinginpixels
(default:
25;nolimitsexceptthoseimposedbytheimages;
gridsarealwayssquare;entering'25'meansthatthesearchand
referenceimagechipswillbecenteredonpoints25pixelsapart
inbothlineandsampledirections)
xoffsetofreferencechiprelativetosearchchipcenter(default:
0)
yoffsetofreferencechiprelativetosearchchipcenter(default:
0)
xoffsetofsubimagetobeanalysed(default:
0)
yoffsetofsubimagetobeanalysed(default:
0)
xextentofsubimage(default:
fullxextent)
yextentofsubimage(default:
fullyextent)
Thereferenceimagewillhavethesmaller,'referencechip',subimagesderived
fromit,atregulargridspacings,【网格间距】andthesechipswillbecomparedtolarger
'searchchip'subimagesderivedfromthesearchimage.Theimagesmustbethe
samesize,andasingle(sample,line)coordinatesystemwillbeusedforboth
ofthem.Inthefollowingdiscussion,itisassumedthattheimagesare
coregistered,i.e.,thatafeaturethatdoesnotmovewouldbefoundatthesame
(sample,line)coordinatesinbothimages.Regardingmaximumimagesize,
machinememoryisdynamicallyallocatedduringanIMCORRrun.Therefore,images
maybeverylarge;however,largerimageswillresultinslowerprocessingdue
tomemoryswapping.【内存交换】
Thexandyoffsetsofthesubimageanswerthequestion,"wheredoesthe
referencechipcomefrom?
".Forexample,iftheicehasmovedinthepositive
xdirection(totheright)by20pixels,thenthex-offsetshouldbe-20.
【offset说明了方向性】
Thecoordinatesystemhasxpositivetotheright,andypositivedownward:
-------------->x
|
|
|
|
|
|
V
y
Largesearchandreferencechipsizesslowtheruntimeconsiderably,anda
largereferencechipmaycauseproblemsifanydistortionofthefeatures
occursbetweenthetwoimages.Notethatifthesearchandreferencechipsare
derivedfromthesame(sample,line)gridcentersintheirrespectiveimages
(thedefaultcase),themaximumdisplacementofafeaturethatcanbemeasured
is:
(searchchipsize/2-referencechipsize/2)*C2,andthismaximumapplies
onlytoexactlydiagonalmotion.
Gridspacingparameterdeterminesthedensity
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