冠 词 详细用法.docx
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冠 词 详细用法.docx
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冠词详细用法
冠词
(一)教学内容
冠词在英语中只有3个词,分为两类:
不定冠词a与an,定冠词the。
a用在以辅音开始的单数名词前,an用于以元音开始的单词前。
不定冠词用来表示一类事物中泛指的某一事物,而定冠词则用于特指的某一个或某些事物,可用于不可数名词、可数名词单数及可数名词复数前。
(二)教学重点难点极其突破方法
[误]Thisbuildingisanuniversity.
[正]Thisbuildingisauniversity.
[析]a用于以辅音音素开始的单词前,而an用于以元音音素开始的单词前,而不是元音字母开头的单词前。
university的第一个音素是[j],所以用a而不要用an。
又如:
Thereisa“n”intheword.是错句,应为:
Thereisan“n”intheword.因字母n的发音的第一个音素是元音。
要注意的还有hour因其第一个字母h不发音,所以应该用anhour。
例如:
Ineedanhourtofinishthework.
Itisausefuldictionary.
ItisaEuropeancountry.
Iboughtausedcar.
[误]Ineedaumbrellabecauseitlookslikeraining.
[正]Ineedanumbrellabecauseitlookslikeraining.
[析]因umbrella的第一个音素是元音,所以应用an.常用的情况有:
anoldman,anEnglishteacher,anelephant,anidea,anhourago,anhonestboy…。
[误]“Canyouhelpme”“Sorry,I'minhurry.”
[正]“Canyouhelpme”“Sorry.I'minahurry.”
[析]不定冠词的主要用法如下:
1.用来表示一类人或事物,如:
Sheisateacher.
2.指某一类人或事物中的一个,如:
Anelephantisbiggerthanahorse.
3.泛指某一人或事物,如:
Amaniswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.
4.相当于“one”的概念,如:
Ijustboughtanewdictionary.
5.其主要的难点是用在固定词组中:
如:
haveawalk/arest/alook
又如:
inahurry匆匆忙忙
makeaface作鬼脸
dosomebodyafavour帮某人忙
anumberof=many
又如:
haveagoodtime(玩得好)
haveacold(感冒)
haveaheadache(头痛)
haveabreak=havearest
[误]Iboughtthedictionaryyesterday.Adictionaryisverygood.
[正]Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisverygood.
[析]在文章中第一次提到某物时用不定冠词,而第二次提到时用定冠词。
[误]Pleaseturnofflightsbeforeyouleave.
[正]Pleaseturnoffthelightsbeforeyouleave.
[析]虽然是第一次提到某物但说话双方均知其所指,也应用定冠词。
[误]Therearenineplanetsaroundasun.
[正]Therearenineplanetsaroundthesun.
[析]世上独一无二的天体等名词前应加定冠词,如:
theearth,themoon,thesun,thesky,thesea.
[误]Iliveonasecondfloorofthisbuilding.
[正]Iliveonthesecondfloorofthisbuilding.
[析]在序数词,形容词最高级前要用定冠词。
如:
Heistheoldestinthefamily.
[误]Iwanttolearnthesecondlanguagethisterm.
[正]Iwanttolearnasecondlanguagethisterm.
[析]在序数词的含意不是顺序中的第一第二,而其意在于再学一个,再来一个时,应用a,本句的意思应为:
这学期我要学一门第二外语。
[误]Mississippiisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.
[正]TheMississippiisoneofthelongestriversintheworld.
[析]在河流名称前应加定冠词,如:
theYellowRiver(黄河)。
[误]Look,thereareAlp.
[误]Look,therearetheAlp.
[正]Look,therearetheAlps.
[析]具体的某一座山不加定冠词,如:
MountainTai.但在山名称前加定冠词后,其山名要加s,来表示山脉。
theAlps即为阿尔卑斯山脉。
如:
TheAlpsareinthecenterofEurope.
[误]Timesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.
[正]TheTimesisoneoftheoldestnewspapersintheworld.
[析]报刊名称前应加定冠词。
[误]Richarenotalwayshappy.
[正]Thericharenotalwayshappy.
[析]在形容词前加定冠词表示一类人,而在姓的前面加定冠词,姓后加s表示某一家,如:
TheturnersaregoingtomovetoNewYork.
[误]Iliketoeatbreadforbreakfast.Breadsellsinthisshopisverygood.
[正]Iliketoeatbreadforbreakfast.Thebreadsellsinthisshopisverygood.
[析]物质名词特指时也应加定冠词。
[误]Thesunrisesineast.
[正]Thesunrisesintheeast.
[析]在方向、方位前应用定冠词,如:
intheeast,inthewest,inthenorth,inthesouth,inthedirection及inthepast,inthefuture
[误]Doyouknowwhoinventedtelephone
[正]Doyouknowwhoinventedthetelephone
[析]在特定和专有事物或名称前要加定冠词,
如:
theEnglishChannel英吉利海峡
thePanamaCanal巴拿马运河
theSuezCanal苏伊士运河
[误]Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforthesupper
[正]Wouldyoupleasebuysomefoodforsupper
[析]泛指一日三餐前无定冠词。
[误]Iliketoclimbthemountainintheautumn.
[正]Iliketoclimbthemountaininautumn.
[析]一年四季前不用定冠词,如:
Springisthebestseasoninayear.
(三)例题解析
1MrLiis___oldworker.
AaBanCsomeD/
[答案]
[析]
2Englishis___usefullanguagein___world.
Aan,theBa,theCthe,/D/,the
[答案]
[析]
3What___interestingbookitis?
AaBanCtheD/
[答案]
[析]
4Hewillbebackin___hour.
A/BtheCaDan
[答案]
[析]
5Thereis___mapintheclassroom.___mapisonthewall.
Aa,ABthe,TheCa,TheDthe,A
[答案]
[析]
6Lookat___picture!
There's___houseinit.
Aa,aBthe,theCa,theDthe,a
[答案]
[析]
7Thereis___orangeinthebottle.
AaBanCtheD/
[答案]
[析]
8Beijingis___capitalofourcountry.
AtheBanC/Da
[答案]
[析]capital之后有of结构则要用定冠词。
9IfyouworkhardatEnglish,you'llget___“A”inthetest.
AanB/CtheDa
[答案]
[析]
10Heusuallygoestoschoolon___foot.
AaBanCtheD/
[答案]
[析]
【作业】
一、选择填空:
A./B.aC.anD.the
1.Theyareliving______happylifenow.
2.______bagon______deskismine.
3.Thereis______emptyboxonthetable.
4.Doyoulike______musicofthefilm“Titanic”?
5.On______Saturday,Istayin______bedtill12:
00.
6.______BrownshavebeentoChinatwice.
7.Don’tmakeanynoisein______class.
8.Thisissuch______interestingstorythatyoumustlistentoit.
9.NextweektheywillgotoAustraliaby______air.
10.Whichisbigger,______sunor______moon?
学生姓名:
刘建华七年级授课时间:
2012-4-13教师姓名:
肖园课时:
2
课题
冠词的基本用法及期中测试复习
教学目标
熟练掌握试题,并能正确使用冠词
重点
突破冠词盲点及一些常见形似字的区别
难点
如何分析冠词用法,及怎样激发学生学习英语的兴趣
一、聪明的建华,说一说
What’sthewhetherliketoday?
Howmanyanimalsdoyouknow?
Whichanimaldoyoulikebest?
Why?
二、听一听,填一填
Passionsweet强烈的感情是甜蜜的
makesweak而爱使我们脆弱
saidyoucherishedfreedomso你说你珍惜你的自由
Yourefuseletitgo所以你拒绝丢失它
Followfate跟随你的命运
Lovehate不管是爱还是憎恨
Neverfailtoseizeday,紧紧抓住那一天
dontgiveyourselfaway.不要给你自己离开的机会
三、忆一忆:
主谓宾定状补的定义
划出下列句子成分:
1..Theyloveeachother.
2..AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch
3..Shebecameadoctorin1998
4..Thebooklyingontheflooraremine(我的)
5.yourjobtodayistohelptheold.
七年级下册期中测试复习卷
四、细心的建华,认真做,你一定能做对哦(*^__^*)
I、单项选择。
(每小题各1分,计15分)
()1、Idon’tplay____chess.Mysisterdoesn’tplay_____guitar.
A.the/B.//C./theD.thethe
()2.---What_____yourmotherwant______?
---She’sareporter.
A.does,tobeB.are,beC.do,beingD.are,does
()7、We_____somebooksinthemorning.
A.lookatB.watchC.seeD.read
()4.---Isthereapostoffice_______theneighborhood?
---Yes,it’s______CenterStreet_______theright.
A.in,down,onB.on,on,isC.in,on,isD.on,down,on
()5、-Wheredoesyourpenpal?
–HeinTokyo.
A.live;livesB.live;liveC.lives;liveD.lives;lives
()6.Shedoesn’thavelunchathome,doesshe?
Sheoftenhaslunchathome.
A.Yes,shedoesB.YesshehasC.No,shedoesn’tD.No,shedoes
()7.PeoplefromCanada______________EnglishandFrench.
A.sayB.talkC.tellD.speak
()8.There____________twopayphonesandabanknearhere.
A.hasB.haveC.areD.is
()9.Mysisterwantsto__________areporterbecauseshelikes__________topeople.
8—3
A.do,totalkB.be,talkingC.see,sayingD.wait,tosee
()10.---_______istheweatherinBeiJing?
---_______windy.
A.What;It’s B.How;It’s C.How;Its D.What;Its
()11.Thestudents________gamesafterclass.They______volleyballovertherenow.
A.play,areplayingB.areplaying,playC.play,playD.areplaying,areplaying
()12.Thankhimfor_____theschoolplay.
A.joiningB.tojoinC.joinD.isjoining
()13.---Oh,hi,Mike!
__________?
---Notbad.
A.HowitisgoingB.Whatareyoudoing
C.HowisitgoingD.Whatdoesshedo?
()14.Pleasebequiet.Mygrandfather_______.
A.gotobedB.issleepingC.sleepsD.goingtoschool
()15.---Isn’titcute?
---_______.Ilikeitverymuch.
A.Yes,itisn’tB.No,itisC.Yes,itisD.No,itisn’t.
II、完形填空(每小题各1分,计10分)
ManyAmericansliketohavetheirvacationin1countries.OnedayanAmerican2comestoChina.Thisisherfirsttime(次数)toChinaandshewantsto3somefriendsthere.ShemeetsaChinese.ThisChinesewantstotalk4withtheAmerican.Whenheseesher,hecomesup,says“5”toher,thenhebeginshisfirsttalkwithsomeone6anEnglish-speakingcountry.
“Howoldareyou?
”theChinese7.
“I’m8.Pleasedon’taskalady(女士)abouther9.”answersthewoman.
TheChineseissurprised.Hedoesn’tknow10.Canyouhelphim?
()1.A.anotherB.theotherC.otherD.others
()2.A.manB.boyC.womanD.kid
()3.A.beB.beingC.makeD.having
()4.A.withEnglishB.withChineseC.inEnglishD.inChinese
()5.A.OKB.helloC.sorryD.hi
()6.A.toB.atC.inD.from
()7.A.saysB.tellsC.asksD.speaks
()8.A.sureB.okC.happyD.sorry
()9.A.dinnerB.ageC.jobD.work
()10.A.howB.whyC.whatD.which
III、阅读理解(1-5小题各1分,6-10小题各2分,计15分)
A
Doyouknowthatman?
Heismyuncle.HisnameisDavidSmith.Heisforty-eightthisyear.Heisaworker.HeworksinaCarFactory.Hisfactoryisnotnearhishome.Sohegetsupearlyinthemorningandtakesabustowork.Ataboutseventhirty,hegetstohisfactory.Hemakes(生产)theparts(零件)ofthecar.Hemakesmanyeveryday.Heworksveryhard.Everyonelikeshimandsaysheisagoodworker.Hehashislunchinthefactory.Heoftenplaysbasketballafterwork.Intheevening,helearnsChineseathome.HisChineseisgood,too.SometimeshehelpsmewithmyChinese.Ilikemyuncleverymuch.
()1.Thatmanis________________.
A.ateacherB.abusdriverC.aworkerD.aacter
()2.He______________________________.
A.teachesChineseinaschoolB.worksinaCarFactory
C.learnsChineseeverydayB.helpsmewithmyhomework
()3.Hegoestowork__________________.
A.bybusB.onfootC.bytaxiD.bycar
()4.He_________________inthefactory.
A.hasdinnerB.playsbasketballC.sleepsD.eatslunch
()5.Whichisnotright?
A.EveryonelikesmyuncleB.MyunclecanspeakFrench
C.MyuncleisverybusyinthefactoryD.Myuncleworksveryhardinthefactory
A、根据汉语提示写出单词的正确形式。
1.I'mvery____________(饥饿的),Iwantsomefoodtohave.
2.Thegirlin
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