统考英语基础课程讲义.docx
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统考英语基础课程讲义.docx
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统考英语基础课程讲义
统考英语基础课程讲义
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Passage1234页passage1
TheFrenchRevolutionbrokeoutin1789.AtthetimeFrancewasinacrisis.Thegovernmentwasbadlyrunandpeople’slivesweremiserable.KingLouisXIVtriedtocontrolthenationalparliamentandraisemoretaxes.Buthiseffortfailed.HeorderedhistroopstoVersailles.ThepeoplethoughtthatLouisintendedtoputdowntheRevolutionbyforce.OnJuly14,1789,theystormedandtooktheBastille,wherepoliticalprisonerswerekept.Eversincethatday,July14hasbeentheFrenchNationalDay.Louistriedtofleethecountryin1792togetsupportfromAustriaandPrussia.However,hewascaughtandputinprison.InSeptember1792,themonarchywasabolished.Inthesameyear,Louiswasexecuted.Afewmonthslaterhiswife,Mariealsohadherheadcutoff.TheRevolutionofFrancehadfrightenedtheotherkingsofEurope.ArmiesfromAustriaandPrussiabegantomarchagainstFrance.TheFrenchraisedrepublicanarmiestodefendthenation.TheRevolutionwentthroughaperiodofterror.Thousandsofpeoplelosttheirlives.Intheend,powerpassedtoNapoleonBonaparte.(190words)
6.What’sthispassageabout?
A.France.B.KingLouis.C.TheFrenchRevolution.D.Europe.
7.Whichdidnothappenin1789?
A.TheFrenchRevolutionbrokeout.
B.Thenationaleconomywasdevelopingrapidly.
C.Thegovernmentwasn’twellrun.
D.KingLouisXIVwasinpower.
8.Wherewerethepoliticalprisonerskept?
A.InVersailles.B.InAustria.C.InPrussia.D.InBastille.
9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“abolished”mean?
A.Putoff.B.Established.C.United.D.Ended.
10.WhatwasNOTtheeffectoftheRevolution?
A.July14hasbecometheFrenchNationalDay.
B.ItbroughtsomeimpactontheotherEuropeanKings.
C.Louis’swife,Mariewaskilled.
D.Thekingtriedtocontrolthenationalparliament.
11-15CBDDD
Passage2223页passage2
Aforeigner’sfirstimpressionoftheU.S.islikelytobethateveryoneisinarush-oftenunderpressure.Citypeopleappearalwaystobehurryingtogetwheretheyaregoingrestlessly,seekingattentioninastore,andelbowingothersastheytrytocompletetheirerrands(任务).Racingthroughdaytimemealsispartofthepaceoflifeinthiscountry.
Workingtimeisconsideredprecious.Othersinpubliceatingplacesarewaitingforyoutofinishsothattheytoocanbeservedandgetbacktoworkwithinthetimeallowed.Eachpersonhurriestomakeroomforthenextperson.Ifyoudon’t,waiterswillhurryyou.
Youalsofinddriverswillbeabruptandthatpeoplewillpushpastyou.Youwillmisssmiles,briefconversations,andsmallcourtesieswithstrangers.Don’ttakeitpersonally.Thisisbecausepeoplevaluetimehighly,andtheyresentsomeoneelse“wasting”itbeyondacertaincourtesypoint.
Theviewoftimeaffectstheimportanceweattachtopatience.IntheAmericansystemofvalues,patienceisnotahighpriority.Manyofushavewhatmightbecalled“ashortfuse.”Webegintomoverestlesslyaboutifwefeeltimeisslippingawaywithoutsomereturnbethisintermsofpleasure,workvalue,orrest.Thosecomingfromlandswheretimeislookedupondifferentlymayfindthismatterofpacetobeoneoftheirmostdifficultadjustmentsinbothbusinessanddailylife.
ManynewcomerstotheStateswillmisstheopeningcourtesyofabusinesscall,forexample,theywillmisstheritualsocializingthatgoeswithawelcomingcupofteaorcoffeetheymaybetraditionalintheirowncountry.Theymaymissleisurelybusinesschatsinacaféorcoffeehouse.Normally,Americansdonotassesstheirvisitorsinsuchrelaxedsurroundingsoverprolongedsmalltalks.Weseekoutevidenceofpastperformanceratherthanevaluateabusinesscolleaguethroughsocialcourtesies.Sincewegenerallyassessandprobeprofessionallyratherthansocially,westarttalkingbusinessveryquickly.(348words)
11.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?
__________
A.Americansseemtobealwaysunderpressure.
B.Americansattachlessimportancetopatience.
C.Americansdon’tcaremuchaboutritualsocializing.
D.Americansareimpolitetotheirbusinesscolleagues.
12.Inthefourthparagraph,“ahighpriority”means__________.
A.alessimportantthingB.afirstconcern
C.agoodbusinessD.anattractivegift
13.Americansevaluateabusinesscolleague__________.
A.throughsocialcourtesyB.throughprolongedbusinesstalks
C.byestablishingbusinessrelationsD.bylearningabouttheirpastperformance
14.Thispassagemainlytalksabout__________.
A.howAmericanstreasuretheirtimeB.howbusyAmericansareeveryday
C.howAmericansdobusinesswithforeignersD.whatAmericanwayoflifeislike
15.Wecaninferfromthepassagethattheauthor’stoneinwritingis___________.
A.criticalB.ironicalC.appreciativeD.objective
21-25DBDAC
Passage3217页passage2
Sixteen-year-oldMariawaswaitinginlineattheairportinSantoDomingo.ShewasleavinghernativecountrytojoinhersisterintheUnitedStates.ShespokeEnglishverywell.Thoughshewasveryhappyshecouldgoabroad,shewasfeelingsadatleavingherfamilyandfiends.Asshewasthinkingallaboutthis,shesuddenlyheardtheairlineemployeeaskinghertopickupherluggageandputitonthescales(称).Mariapulledandpulled.Thebagwastooheavyandshejustcouldn’tliftitup.Themanbehindhergotveryimpatient.He,too,waswaitingtocheckinhisluggage.
“What’swrongwiththisgirl?
”Hesaid,“Whydoesn’tshehurryup?
”Hemovedforwardandplacedhisbagonthecounter,hopingtocheckinfist.Hewasinahurrytogetagoodseat.
Mariawasveryangry,butshewasverypolite.AndinherbestEnglishshesaid,“Whyareyousoupset?
Thereareenoughseatsforeveryoneontheplane.Ifyouareinsuchahurry,whycan’tyougivemeahandwithmyluggage?
”
ThemanwassurprisedtohearMariaspeakEnglish.Hequicklypickedupherluggageandsteppedback.Everyonewaslookingathimwithdisapproval.(224words)
6.Maria’sstoryhappened________.
A.whenshewasleavingAmericaB.onherwaybacktoSantoDomingo
C.beforeshelefttheUSAD.whenshearrivedattheairport
7.Youbelieverthattheworkoftheairlineemployeementionedinthestoryisto_______attheairport.
A.helpcarrypeople’sluggageB.askpeopletopickuptheluggage
C.checkpeople’sluggageD.takecareofpeople’sluggage
8.“Whyareyousoupset?
”Mariasaidtotheman.Shewantedtotellhimthatheshouldnotbe_______.
A.surprisedB.sadC.unhappyD.sorry
9.“Everyonewaslookingathimwithdisapproval.”Thissentencemeansthatthepeoplearoundfelt_______.
A.worriedaboutMariaB.worriedabouttheman
C.sorryforMaria’smannersD.sorryfortheman’smanners
10.TheauthormentionedMaria’sageatthebeginningofthestoryinordertoshowthat_________.
A.shewasyoungbutbehavedproperly
B.shewouldnothavelefthomealone
C.everyonearoundherwaswrong
D.itwasnotgoodthatnobodyofferedtohelpher
6-10DCCDA
Passage4205页passage2
BritainandFranceareseparatedbytheEnglishChannel,abodyofwaterthatcanbecrossedinasfewas20minutes.Buttheculturesofthetwocountriessometimesseemtobemilesapart.
LastThursdayBritainandFrancecelebratedthe100thanniversary(周年纪念)ofthesigningofafriendshipagreementcalledtheEntenteCordiality.Theagreementmarkedanewbeginningforthecountriesfollowingcenturiesofwarsandlove-hatepartnership.
Buttheirrelationshiphasbeenupsanddownsoverthepastcentury.Justlastyear,therewerefiercedisagreementsovertheIraqwar-whichBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairsupporteddespiteFrenchPresidentJacquesChiracspeakingoutagainstit.ThisdiscomfortisexpressedinBlairandChirac’sbodylanguageatinternationalmeetings.WhiletheFrenchleaderoftengreetsGermanChancellorGerhardSchroederwithahug(拥抱),Blairjustreceivesahandshake.However,somepoliticalexpertssaythewarinIraqcouldinfacthavehelpedties.
Thehistoryofdivisionsmaywellbebecauseoftheverydifferentwaysinwhichthetwosidesseetheworld.Butthisdoesn’tstop12millionBritonstakingholidaysinFranceeachyear.However,only3millionFrenchcomeintheoppositedirection.Surveys(调查)showthatmostFrenchpeoplefeelclosertotheGermansthantheydototheBritish.AndtheresearchcarriedoutinBritainhasfoundthatonlyathirdofthepopulationbelievestheFrenchcanbetrusted.PerhapsthisbadfeelingcomesbecausetheBritishdislikeFrance’scloserelationshipwithGermany,orbecausetheFrencharenothappywithBritain’scloselinkswiththeUS.
Whatevertheansweris,asbothsidescelebrate100yearsof“doubtfulfriendship”,theyareatleastabletomakejokesabouteachother.Here’sone:
What’sthebestthingaboutBritain’srelationshipwithFrance?
TheEnglishChannel.(320words)
11.Forcenturies,therelationshipbetweenBritainandFranceis____________.
A.friendlyB.impoliteC.brotherlyD.amixtureofloveandhate
12.ThewarinIraqdoes____________totherelationshipbetweenFranceandBritain.
A.goodB.harm
C.neithergoodnorharmD.bothgoodandharm
23.TheBritisharenotsofriendlyto____________andtheFrencharenotsofriendlyto____________.
A.Germany;AmericaB.America;Germany
C.Germany;GermanyD.America;America
14.____________aremoreinterestedinhavingholidaysin____________.
A.Americanpeople…BritainB.Britishpeople…Germany
C.Frenchpeople…BritainD.Britishpeople…France
15.Whatdoesthelastsentencemean?
A.Aslongast
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