外文文献翻译大数据和云计算.docx
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外文文献翻译大数据和云计算.docx
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外文文献翻译大数据和云计算
大数据和云计算技术外文文献翻译
(含:
英文原文及中文译文)
文献出处:
BryantR.Theresearchofbigdataandcloudcomputingtechnology[J].InformationSystems,2017,3(5):
98-109
英文原文
Theresearchofbigdataandcloudcomputingtechnology
BryantRoy
Abstract
TherapiddevelopmentofmobileInternet,InternetofThings,andcloudcomputingtechnologieshasopenedthepreludetotheeraofmobilecloud,andbigdataisincreasinglyattractingpeople'sattention.TheemergenceoftheInternethasshortenedthedistancebetweenpeople,people,andtheworld.Theentireworldhasbecomea"globalvillage,"andpeoplehaveaccessibility,informationexchange,andcollaborativeworkthroughtheInternet.Atthesametime,withtherapiddevelopmentoftheInternet,thematurityandpopularityofdatabasetechnologies,andtheemergenceofhigh-memory,high-performancestoragedevicesandstoragemedia,theamountofdatageneratedbyhumansindailylearning,living,andworkisgrowingexponentially.Thebigdataproblemisgeneratedundersuchabackground.Ithasbecomeahottopicinscientificresearchandrelatedindustrycircles.Asoneofthemostcutting-edgetopicsinthefieldofinformationtechnology,ithasattractedmoreandmorescholarstostudytheissueofbigdata.
Keywords:
bigdata;dataanalysis;cloudcomputing
1Introduction
Bigdataisaninformationresourcethatcanreflectchangesinthestateandstateofthephysicalworldandthespiritualworld.Ithascomplexity,decision-makingusefulness,high-speedgrowth,sparseness,andreproducibility.Itgenerallyhasavarietyofpotentialvalues.Basedontheperspectiveofbigdataresourcesandmanagement,bigdataisconsideredasanimportantresourcethatcansupportmanagementdecisions.Therefore,inordertoeffectivelymanagethisresourceandgivefullplaytoitspotentialvalue,itisnecessarytostudyandsolvesuchmanagementproblemsastheacquisition,processing,application,definitionofpropertyrights,industrialdevelopment,andpolicyguarantee.Bigdatahasthefollowingcharacteristics:
Complexity,aspointedoutbymanydefinitions,formsandcharacteristicsofbigdataareextremelycomplex.Inadditiontothecomplexityofbigdata,thebreadthofitssources,andthediversityofitsmorphologicalstructure,thecomplexityofbigdataalsomanifestsitselfinuncertaintiesinitsstatechangesanddevelopmentmethods.Theusefulnessofdecision-making,bigdataitselfisanobjectivelarge-scaledataresources,anditsdirectfunctionislimited.Byanalyzing,digging,anddiscoveringtheknowledgecontainedinit,itcanprovidedecisionsupportforotherpracticalapplicationsthataredifficulttoprovidewithotherresources.Thevalueofbigdataisalsoreflectedmainlythroughitsdecision-makingusefulness.Withrapidgrowth,thisfeatureofbigdataresourcesisdifferentfromnaturalresourcessuchasoil.Thetotalstockofnon-renewablenaturalresourceswillgraduallydecreasewiththecontinuousexploitationofhumanbeings.Bigdata,however,hasrapidgrowth,thatis,withcontinuousexploitation,bigdataresourceswillnotonlynotdecreasebutwillincreaserapidly.Thesparsenessofvalueandthelargeamountofdatainbigdatahavebroughtmanyopportunitiesandbroughtmanychallenges.Oneofitsmainchallengesisthelowdensityofbigdatavalues.Althoughthenumberofbigdataresourcesislarge,theusefulvaluecontainedinitissparse,whichincreasesthedifficultyofdevelopingandutilizingbigdataresources.
2Bigdataprocessingflow
DataAcquisition
Bigdata,whichoriginallymeantalargequantityandvarietyoftypes,wasextremelyimportantforobtainingdatainformationthroughvariousmethods.Datacollectionisthemostbasicstepintheprocessofbigdataprocessing.Atpresent,commonlyuseddatacollectionmethodsincludeRFID,datasearchandclassificationtoolssuchasGoogleandothersearchengines,andbarcodetechnology.Andduetotheemergenceofmobiledevices,suchastherapidspreadofsmartphonesandtabletcomputers,alargeamountofmobilesoftwarehasbeendevelopedandapplied,andsocialnetworkshavebecomeincreasinglylarge.Thishasalsoacceleratedthespeedofinformationcirculationandacquisitionaccuracy.
DataProcessingandIntegration
Theprocessingandintegrationofdataismainlytocompletetheproperprocessingofthecollecteddata,cleaninganddenoising,andfurtherintegratedstorage.Accordingtotheforegoing,oneofthecharacteristicsofbigdataisdiversity.Thisdeterminesthatthetypeandstructureofdataobtainedthroughvariouschannelsareverycomplex,andbringsgreatdifficultiestosubsequentdataanalysisandprocessing.Throughthestepsofdataprocessingandintegration,thesecomplexstructuraldataarefirstconvertedintoasingleoreasy-to-handlestructure,whichlaysagoodfoundationforfuturedataanalysisbecausenotallinformationinthesedataisrequired.Therefore,thesedatamustalsobe“de-noised”andcleanedtoensuredataqualityandreliability.Thecommonlyusedmethodistodesignsomedatafiltersduringthedataprocessingprocess,andusetherulemethodofclusteringorassociationanalysistopickoutunwantedorerroneousoutlierdataandfilteritouttopreventitfromadverselyaffectingthefinaldataresult;Theseintegrateddataareintegratedandstored.Thisisaveryimportantstep.Ifitissimplyplacedatrandom,itwillaffecttheaccesstofuturedata.Itiseasytocausedataaccessproblems.NowthegeneralsolutionistoTheestablishmentofaspecialdatabaseforspecifictypesofdata,andtheplacementofthesedifferenttypesofdatainformation,caneffectivelyreducethetimefordataqueryandaccess,andincreasethespeedofdataextraction.
DataAnalysis
Dataanalysisisthemostcentralpartoftheoverallbigdataprocessingprocess,becauseintheprocessofdataanalysis,thevalueofthedatawillbefound.Aftertheprocessingandintegrationofthepreviousstepdata,theresultingdatabecomestheoriginaldatafordataanalysis,andthedataisfurtherprocessedandanalyzedaccordingtotheapplicationrequirementsoftherequireddata.Thetraditionalmethodsofdataprocessinganalysisincludedatamining,machinelearning,intelligentalgorithms,andstatisticalanalysis.Thesemethodscannolongermeettheneedsofdataanalysisintheeraofbigdata.(Googleisthemostadvanceddataanalysistechnology,GoogleastheInternetThemostwidelyusedcompanyforbigdata,pioneeredtheconceptof"cloudcomputing"in2006.TheapplicationofvariousinternaldataisbasedonGoogle'sowninternalresearchanddevelopmentofaseriesofcloudcomputingtechnologies.
DataInterpretation
Forthemajorityofusersofdataandinformation,themostconcernedisnottheanalysisandprocessingofdata,buttheinterpretationandpresentationoftheresultsofbigdataanalysis.Therefore,inacompletedataanalysisprocess,theinterpretationofdataresultsiscrucial.important.Iftheresultsofdataanalysiscannotbeproperlydisplayed,datauserswillbetroubledandevenmisleadusers.Thetraditionaldatadisplaymethodistodownloadtheoutputintextformordisplaytheprocessingresultontheuser'spersonalcomputer.However,astheamountofdataincreases,theresultsofdataanalysistendtobemorecomplicated.Theuseoftraditionaldatadisplaymethodsisinsufficienttomeettheoutputrequirementsofdataanalysisresults.Therefore,inordertoincreasethenumberofdata
Accordingtoexplanationsanddemonstrationcapabilities,mostcompaniesnowintroducedatavisualizationtechnologyasthemostpowerfulwaytoexplainbigdata.Byvisualizingtheresults,youcanvisualizethedataanalysisresultstotheuser,whichismoreconvenientforuserstounderstandandaccepttheresults.Commonvisualizationtechnologiesincludecollection-basedvisualizationtechnology,icon-basedtechnology,image-basedtechnology,pixel-orientedtechnology,anddistributedtechnology.
3BigDataChallenges
BigDataSecurityandPrivacyIssues
Withthedevelopmentofbigdata,thesourcesandapplicationsofdataarebecomingmoreandmoreextensive.WhenbrowsingthewebfreelyontheInternet,aseriesofbrowsingtrailsareleft.WhenloggingintoarelatedwebsiteontheInternet,youneedtoinputpersonalimportantinformation,suchasanIDcard.Number,mobilenumber,address,etc.Camerasandsensorsareeverywheretorecordpersonalbehaviorandlocationinformation.Throughrelevantdataanalysis,dataexpertscaneasilydiscoverpeople'sbehaviorhabitsandpersonalimportantinformation.Ifthisinformationisusedproperly,itcanhelpcompaniesinrelatedfieldstounderstandtheneedsandhabitsofcustomersatanytime,sothatenterprisescanadjusttheirproductionplansandachievegreatereconomicbenefits.However,iftheseimportantinformationarestolenbybadpeople,securityissuessuchaspersonalinformationandpropertywillfollow.Inordertosolvetheproblemofdataprivacyintheeraofbigdata,academicsandindustryhavecomeupwiththeirownsolutions.Inaddition,thespeedofupdatingandchangingdataintheeraofbigdataisaccelerating,andgeneraldataprivacyprotectiontechnologiesaremostlybasedonstaticdataprotection,whichbringsnewchallengestoprivacyprotection.Howtoimplementdataprivacyandsecurityprotectionundercomplexandchangingconditionswillbeoneofthekeydirectionsforfuturebigdataresearch.
BigDataIntegrationandManagement
Lookingatthedevelopmentprocessofbigdata,thesourcesandapplicationsofbigdataarebecomingmoreandmoreextensive.Inordertocollectandcollectdatadistributedindifferentdatamanag
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