第三部分 阅读理解(共两节,满分40分>
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分>
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D>中,选出最佳选项。
A
(2018·山东潍坊三县市上学期联考>
Longbusridesareliketelevisionshows.Theyhaveabeginning,amiddle,andanendwithcommercials(广告>thrownineverythreeorfourminutes.Thecommercialsareunavoidable.Theyhappenwhetheryouwantthemornot.Everycoupleof
minutesabillboardglidesbyoutsidethebuswindow.“BuySuperCleanToothpaste.”“DrinkGoodWetRootBeer.”“FillupwithPacificGas.”Onlyifyousleep,whichisequaltoturningthetelevisionsetoff,areyousparedtheunendingcryof“YouNeedIt!
BuyItNow!
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Thebeginningoftherideiscomfortableandsomewhatexciting,evenifyou'vetraveledthatwaybefore.Usuallysomethingshavechanged—newhouses,newbuildings,sometimesevenanewroad.Thebusdriverhasastyleofdrivingandit'sfuntotrytofigureitoutthefirsthourorso.Ifthedriverisparticularlyreckless(鲁莽的>ordaring,theridecanbeasthrillingasasusp
ensestory.Willthedriverpassthetruckintime?
Willthedrivermoveintotherightorthelefthandlane?
Afterawhile,ofcourse,theexcitementdiesdown.Sleepingforawhilehelpspassthemiddlehoursoftheride.Foodalwaysmakesbusridesmoreinteresting.Butyou'vegottobecarefulofwhatkindoffoodyoueat.Toomuchsaltyfoodcanmakeyouverythirstybetweenstops.GMsIasNXkA
Theendoftherideissomewhatlikethebeginning.Youknowitwillsoonbeoverandthere'sakindofexpectationandexcitementinthat.Theseat,ofcourse,hasbecomeharderasthehourshavepassed.Bynowyou'vesatwithyourlegscrossed,withyourhandsinyourlap,withyourhandsonthearmrestorevenwithyourhandscrossedbehindyourhead.Theendcomesjustattherighttime.Therearejustnomorewaystosit.TIrRGchYzg
56.Accordingtothepassage,whatdothepassengersusuallyseewhentheyareonalongbustrip?
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A.Busesontheroad.B.Filmsontelevision.
C.Advertisementsonthebillboards.D.Gasstations.lzq7IGf02E
57.Thewriterofthispassagewouldprobablyfavor______.zvpgeqJ1hk
A.busdriverswhoaren'trecklessB.drivingalone
C.atelevisionsetonthebusD.nobillboardsalongtheroadNrpoJac3v1
58.Thewriterthinksthattheendoftherideissomewhatlikethebeginningbecausebothare______.1nowfTG4KI
A.boringB.comfortableC.tiringD.exciting
59.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?
A.Togivethewriter'sopinionaboutlongbustrips.fjnFLDa5Zo
B.Topersuadeyoutotakealongbustrip.
C.Toexplainhowbustripsandtelevisionshowsdiffer.tfnNhnE6e5
D.Todescribethebillboardsalongtheroad.
56.C 从第一段的第五句话“Everycoupleofminutesabillboardglidesbyoutsidethebuswindow.”可知,长途汽车旅行过程中常常会看到广告牌。
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57.D 从第一段最后一句话可知,作者认为,除非睡觉,相当于关掉电视,你才能免受无休止的“你需要它,现在就买下来吧”的喊叫的折磨,由此推断作者可能不喜欢路边的广告牌。
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58.D 根据第二段第一句话中的“Thebeginningoftherideiscomfortableandsomewhatexciting”及第三段的第一、二句话“Theendoftherideissomewhatlikethebeginning...there'sakindofexpectationandexcitementinthat.”可知答案。
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59.A 作者将长途汽车旅行与观看电视节目进行对比,讲述了旅行开始、中间、结束时的不同心情,向读者传达了他对长途汽车旅行的一种认识。
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.<2018·四川卷)E
Inbusiness,there’saspeeddifference:
It'sthedifferencebetweenhowimportantafirmsleaderssayspeedistotheircompetitive(竞争的>strategy<策略)andhowfastthecompanyactuallymoves.Thedifferenceisimportantregardlessofindustryandcompanysize.Companiesfearfulorlosingtheircompetitiveadvantagespendmuchtimeandmoneylookingforwaystopickupthespeed.AVktR43bpw
Inourstudyof343businesses,thecompaniesthatchosetogo,go,gototrytogainanedgeendedwithlowersalesandoperatingincomesthanthosethatpausedatkeymomentstomakesuretheywereontherighttrack,What’smore,thefirmsthat“sloweddowntospeedup“improvedtheirtopandbottomlines,averaging40%highersalesand52%higheroperatingincomesoverathree-yearsperiod.ORjBnOwcEd
Howdidtheydisobeythelawsofbusinessphysics,takingmoretimethancompetitorsyetperformingbetter?
Theythoughtdifferentlyaboutwhat“slower“and“faster”mean.Firmssometimesfailtounderstandthedifferencebetweenoperationspeed(movingquickly>andstrategicspeed(reducingthetimeittakestodelivervalue>.Simplyincreasingthespeedofproduction,forexample,maybeonewaytotrytoreducethespeeddifference.Butthatoftenleadstoreducedvalueovertime,intheformoflower-qualityproductsandservices.2MiJTy0dTT
Inourstudy,highperformingcompanieswithstrategicspeedalwaysmadechangeswhennecessary.Theybecamemoreopentoideaanddiscussion.Theyencouragednewwaysofthinking.Andtheyallowedtimetolookandlearn.Bycontrast(相比而言>.Performancesufferedatfirmsthatmovedfaltalltheamongtheiremployer,andhadlittletimethinkingaboutchanges.gIiSpiue7A
Strategicspeedservesasakindofleadership.Teamsthatregularlytaketimetogetthingsright,ratherthanploughaheadfullbore,aremoresuccessfulinmeetingtheirbusinessgoals.Thatkindofstrategymustcomefromthetop.uEh0U1Yfmh
57.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“gainanedge”inParagraph2mean?
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A.Increasethespeed.B.Getanadvantage.
C.Reachthelimit.D.Setagoal
58.Theunderlinedpart“thelawsofbusinessphysics”inParagraph3means___________.WwghWvVhPE
A.spendingmoretimeandperformingworse.
B.spendingmoretimeandperformingbetter
C.spendinglesstimeandperformingworse
D.spendinglesstimeandperformingbetter
59.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?
A.howfastafirmmovesdependsonhowbigitis.
B.howcompetitiveafirmisdependsonwhatitproduces.asfpsfpi4k
C.Firmsguidedbystrategicspeedtaketimetomakenecessarychanges.ooeyYZTjj1
D.Firmsguidedbyoperationalspeedtaketimetodevelopnecessaryteamspirit.BkeGuInkxI
60.Wherecouldbethelasttitleforthetext?
A.Improvequality?
Servebetter.
B.Delivervalue?
Ploughahead.
C.Reducetime?
Movefaster.
D.Needspeed?
Slowdown.
【答案】BDCD
Fallingwaterhasprovidedenjoymenttomanypeopleovertheyears—firstasaweekendretreatfortheKaufmannfamilyandtheirfriends,andnowasanunusualexperienceforvisitorsfromnearandfar.PgdO0sRlMo
WhenFrankLloydWrightcametothesite,heappreciatedthepowerfulsoundofthefalls,thebeautyoftheyoungforest,andtheamazingrocks.Heunderstoodthatpeoplewerecreaturesofnature;therefore,anarchitecturewhichconformedtonaturewouldconformtowhatwasbasicinpeople.Forexample,peopleinsideFallingwaterareprotectedasinadeepcave,buttheirattentionisalwaysdirectedtowardtheoutsidebylowceilings.Thehousehardlyhasamainentrance;therearemanywaysinandout,justlikeinnaturewhilethematerialsofthestru