届高考英语大一轮复习单元知识汇总Book5Unit14Careers北师大版.docx
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届高考英语大一轮复习单元知识汇总Book5Unit14Careers北师大版.docx
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届高考英语大一轮复习单元知识汇总Book5Unit14Careers北师大版
Book5Unit14Careers
重点识记词汇
1.rewardn.&vt.奖赏
2.takechargeof接管,控制
3.summaryn.摘要,总结
4.consultvt.请教;查阅
5.casualadj.随意的,非正式的
6.quarrelvi.&n.争吵,吵架
7.makeup编造→makeout假称;听出,看出
8.getintodetail(s)讨论,细谈
9.speakup大声地说,自由而大胆地说出
10.situp坐直
11.chargevt.收费,要价;控告;n.负责;收费;控告;主管
12.basisn.基础,根据
13.appointmentn.约见,约会→appointv.任命;委任;安排14.wisdomn.智慧
15.instantn.片刻,瞬息→instantlyadv.立刻;马上
16.believein信仰,信任
17.surroundingadj.附近的,周围的
18.turnover反转
19.overcomevt.战胜,克服
20.payoff取得成功;取得好结果
21.graspvt.理解,领会;抓牢,抓紧
22.inspectv.审查
23.keepupwith跟上,赶上
24.decreasev.减少,降低
25.operatevi.运转,运作;vt.操作
26.flexibleadj.灵活的,柔韧的
27.envyvt.羡慕,妒忌
28.bothervt.烦扰;打扰
29.incase以防万一;万一
30.dueto由于
mitv.投入→commitmentn.承诺,保证
32.inaddition此外
33.gloryn.荣耀的事,值得骄傲的事→gloriousadj.光荣的34.existencen.生活;存在
35.constantlyadv.不断地→constantadj.不断的,连续的
36.hesitatev.犹豫,踌躇→hesitationn.犹豫
37.judgementn.判断,判断力→judgev.判断;n.法官;裁判
38.respondvi.反应;回复,回答→responsen.回复,回答
fortn.舒适,安逸→comfortableadj.舒适的
40.illegaladj.非法,违法的,不合法的→legaladj.合法的
必背经典句式
1.Peoplewillmovearoundtododifferentjobs,ratherthanmovingupinthecompanyasbefore.
人们不会像以前那样在同一个公司寻求提升,他们会多方去寻找不同的工作。
2.Theinstantshestoppedaskingquestions,Igotupandwentoutoftheroom.
她一停止问问题,我就站起来,走出了房间。
3.It’snotaboutmakingmenmorelikewomen,buthelpingmentocommunicateaswell.
其目的不是使男性更像女性,而是帮助他们形成和女性一样良好的沟通技巧。
4.Ourreporterinterviewssomeofourclassmatesandasksaboutthejobstheywouldliketodo.
我们的记者采访了一些同学,问他们想做什么工作。
5.Ifinditarealbattlebeingonmyfeetallthetimelikethat.
我发现像那样总是站着真的是一场战斗。
构词记忆
musician/ˌmjuː′zIʃən/n.[C]音乐家;作曲家
physician/fI′zIʃən/n.[C]医生;内科医生
politician/ˌpɒlə′tIʃn/n.[C]政治家;政客
Ⅰ.词汇与派生
A.语境填词
1.Thegovernmentofferedtenthousandyuanasthereward(奖金)forhiscontributioninthefield.
2.Herdecisionseemstoshowalackofpoliticaljudgement(评判).
3.Tellmehowtooperate(操作)theelectroniccomputer,willyou?
4.Thishotelcharged(收费)me£5foraroomforonenight.
5.Irecognizedmyteacherinstantly(一……就……)Isawher.
6.Haveyouconsulted(咨询)adoctoraboutyourheadache?
7.Hecouldn’tconcealhisenvy(忌妒)ofme.
8.Tellhertomakeatimetablesoshecanfinishtheplotsummary(总结)ontime.
9.Thesurrounding(周围的)villagesareusingitforagriculture.
10.Insteadofdoingeverythingforthem,parentsshouldencouragetheirchildrentoovercome(克服)difficultiesandinspirethemtodevelopbythemselves.
B.用所给词的适当形式填空
11.Sueranguptomakeanappointment(appoint)withthedoctor.
12.ApeacelovingChinawillnothesitate(hesitation)totakenecessaryactionwhenitscoreinterestsareviolated.
13.Sheisalwaysbuckingaboutherglorious(glory)past.
14.Itisillegal(legal)tocarrygunswithoutpermission.
15.Iwasunawareofhisexistence(exist)untilnow.
16.Hisreportwasconstantly(constant)interruptedbyapplause.
17.Wealthempoweredhimtoliveacomfortable(comfort)life.
Ⅱ.短语运用
A.用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空
payoff,turnover,giveup,beboredwith,beconnectedwith,keepupwith,takerisks,applyfor,standout,lookforwardto
18.Turnoverthestoneandprobablyyouwillfindanantfamilythere.
19.Wewillhavemoremoneytospendafterwepayoffourmortgage.
20.Thestudentsareboredwitheatingthesamekindofboxluncheveryday.
21.Thequalityoftheproductsisconnectedwiththequalityoftheirmakers.
22.Nevergiveup,forwhenonedoorisclosed,awindowisopenforyou.
23.Ihadtoruntokeepupwiththegirls.
24.Somefansarelookingforwardtoseeingthefamousstarwhoiscomingtoperforminthiscity.
25.Ifyouwanttostandoutamongallthestudents,you’llhavetoworkmuchharderthanbefore.
26.Manyuniversitygraduateswillapplyforthispositionifyouquityourjob.
27.Youhavetotakerisksifyouwanttosucceedinbusiness.
B.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
inaddition,withoutdoubt,avarietyof,incase,indemand,dueto
28.Tosomeextent,thisisduetothenatureoftheworldaroundit.
29.Goodsecretariesarealwaysindemandinourcompany.
30.Writethetelephonenumberdownincaseyouforgetit.
31.Withoutdoubt,sheisthebestnurseinthehospital.
32.Societyismadeupofavarietyofpeople;somearegood,othersbadandstillothersinbetween.
33.Iwon’tgooutnow.It’sverycoldoutside.Inaddition,itisverylatenow.
Ⅲ.经典句式
34.John,ratherthanhisteammates,istoblame.
要受责备的是约翰,而不是他的队友们。
35.Shebegantocrytheinstantshereadtheletter.
她一读信就开始哭了。
36.I’llbehavetowardthemasIwouldliketobetreated.
我会以希望别人对待我的方式来对待他们。
37.Ifounditeasytoworkouttheproblem.Icoulddoitbymyself.
我发现解决这个问题很容易。
我自己能做出来。
38.Notfatherbutmotherwaspresentattheceremony.
不是父亲而是母亲出席了此仪式。
1
[应试指导] inrewardfor作为高级词汇替换inreturnfor
inrewardfor为奖赏……
asarewardfor作为对……的奖赏
rewardsb.forsth.因某事而奖赏某人
rewardsb.withsth.用某物回报某人
Hewasgivenamedalasarewardforhisservice.
作为对所提供服务的奖赏,他得到了一枚奖章。
[夯实基础]
语法填空
(1)Hisefforts,I’msure,willberewarded(reward)withremarkablesuccessintime.
(2)WhatcanIdoinrewardforyourhelp?
(3)Shestartedsingingtothebabyandwasrewardedwithasmile.
2chargen.要价,收费;指控,控告;指责,谴责;主管,掌管thecontrolover;负责;v.收费,要价askanamountofmoneyfor...;控告,起诉;指责accusesb.of;充电
[应试指导] 熟词新义的考查
chargesb.withdoing=accusesb.ofdoing指控某人犯……罪
chargesb.moneyforsth.因某物收某人钱
freeofcharge免费,inchargeof掌管表状态
takechargeof掌管表动作
inthechargeof由……掌管,受约束于……
Shechargedme
24forthebook.
这本书她向我要价24美元。
Aweeklater,IvolunteeredtotakechargeofEnglishstudyinmyclass.
一个星期以后,我自愿负责班级里的英语学习。
[夯实基础]
(1)PolicehavechargedMr.Bellwithmurder.
PolicehaveaccusedMr.Bellofmurder.(用accuse改写句子)
(2)Heisinchargeoftheclass.
①Theclassisinthechargeofhim.(用theclass作主语改写句子)
②Hetakeschargeoftheclass.(用takechargeof改写句子)
(3)Mr.Bell,whoisinchargeoftheclass,hasbeenchargedwithmurderbypolice.(用定语从句连接
(1)
(2)原句)
3
withtheaidofsb.=withone’said在某人的帮助下
inaidof用以援助/帮助
do/give/offer/perform/carryoutfirstaid进行急救
aidsb.todo/withsth.帮助某人做某事
come/gotoone’said来/去帮助某人
Hesucceededwiththeaidofacompletelynewmethodhediscovered.
借助于自己发现的一种全新的方法,他获得了成功。
Thehuntforherkillerwillcontinue,withpoliceaidedbythearmyandairforce.
警方将在陆军和空军的帮助下,继续追踪谋杀她的凶手。
[夯实基础]
语法填空
(1)Withtheaidofcomputers,hefinishedhisnovelaheadoftime.
(2)Nobodycametoheraidwhenshewasintrouble.
(3)Theyaidedthepoorcountrywithmoney.
4
[多词一义] consult,referto,turnto,lookup
consultadictionary查字典
consultsb.请教某人
consultwithsb.about/onsth.就……与某人商量
Sheconsultedherdoctoraboutherdisease.
她向她的医师求诊。
Iconsultedwithafriendofmineaboutthismatter.
我就此事与我的一个朋友商量。
[图解助记]
[特别提醒]
consult用作“请教;咨询;查阅”解时,是及物动词;作“商量”解时,多用作不及物动词,后跟withsb.,意为“和某人商量”。
[词义辨析] consult,referto,lookup
都可以用来表示“查阅、参考”的意义,但是其宾语有所不同:
consult(referto)+abook/dictionary/encyclopedia,etc.
lookupsth.inabook/dictionary/encyclopedia,etc.
[夯实基础]
用consult,referto,lookup的适当形式填空
(1)Consultyourdoctorabouthowmuchexerciseyoushouldattempt.
(2)Letmejustreferto/consultmynotesfortheexactfigures.
(3)WhenIcomeacrosssomethingunknown,Iwilllookitupinareferencebook.
5
[应试指导] 过去分词作状语的考查
surroundingsn.环境
surroundvt.围绕;环绕
surround...with...使……包围……
besurroundedwith/by被……包围
Thesurroundingcitiesrequiretheirfactoriestouseadvancedequipmentforreducingairpollution.
周围的城市要求工厂使用先进的设备来降低空气污染。
AsachildIwassurroundedbyloveandkindness.
幼年时我备受关爱。
[夯实基础]
(1)用surround的适当形式填空
①Thesurroundingvillageshavebeenabsorbedbythegrowingcity.
②Someinsectstakeonthecoloroftheirsurroundingstoprotectthemselves.
③Hetriedtorunawaybutgaveupwhenhefoundhimselfsurrounded.
(2)TheSwisscanfeelsecurebecausetheyaresurroundedbyEurope.
SurroundedbyEurope,theSwisscanfeelsecure.(用过去分词作原因状语改写句子)
6
[多词一义] commit,do,act,carryon,perform,practice
commitacrime犯罪
commitsuicide自杀
committodoing...答应做……
commitoneselftodoingsth.答应做……
makeacommitmenttodo...答应做……
committedadj.尽责的
Ihavenevercommittedanycrime.
我从来没犯过罪。
Thereareunconfirmedreportsthathehastriedtocommitsuicide.
有未经证实的报道说他曾企图自杀。
[夯实基础]
语法填空
(1)Onbalance,IthinkIwouldrathernotcommitmyselftogoing(go)withyou.
(2)Wemadeacommitment(commit)tokeepworkingtogether.
(3)Chang’e3’ssoftlandingprovesthat,withcommitmentanddetermination,allobstaclescanbeovercome.
(4)Thegovernmentcommitteditselftoreducingtaxes.
(5)Arobberywascommitted(commit)nearherelastnight.
7
comeintoexistence产生;成立;开始存在
inexistence存在
existvi.存在bepresent;生活,生存live
existin存在于……之中
existon靠……为生
Thereexists/existed...某地有……;存在……
ThisistheoldestHebrewmanuscriptinexistence.
这是现存最早的希伯来语手稿。
Theycan’texistonthemoneyhe’searning.
他们靠他挣的那点钱无法维持生活。
[夯实基础]
(1)用exist的适当形式填空
①Thereexistsagoodwaytosolvetheexistingproblemingeography.
②DoyouknowwhentheMarriageLawcameintoexistence?
(2)选择方框内的短语填空
①Hecouldhardlyexistonsuchalowwage.
②Somesubstancesunknownareinexistencenaturally.
③Theseprogramsdidn’texistinthe1930s.
8
[应试指导] 写作中用do...withouthesitation代替don’thesitatetodo...
hesitatetodo...迟疑做……;不愿做……
hesitateabout/in/at/overdoingsth.对做某事犹豫不决
withouthesitation毫不犹豫地
havenohesitationindoingsth.毫不犹豫地做某事
Shehesitatedalongtimeandthensaid“Yes”.
她犹豫了很长时间,然后才说“行”。
Iwillnothesitatetomakeunpopulardecisions.
我会毫不犹豫地作出并不受欢迎的决定。
[夯实基础]
(1)语法填空
①Seeing(see)thegirlstrugglinginthelake,hethrewhimselfintheicywaterwithouthesitation,andsavedherfromdrowning.
②Heneverhesitatestohelp(help)mewheneverI’mintrou
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