6月英语四阅读每日一练(同名21484).doc
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6月英语四阅读每日一练(同名21484).doc
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2012年6月英语四级阅读每日一练
1.
Nowletuslookathowweread.Whenwereadaprintedtext,oureyesmoveacrossapageinshort,jerkymovement.Werecognizewordsusuallywhenoureyesarestillwhentheyfixate.Eachtimetheyfixate,weseeagroupofwords.Thisisknownastherecognitionspanorthevisualspan.Thelengthoftimeofrwhichtheeyesstop---thedurationofthefixation----variesconsiderablyfrompersontoperson.Italsovaieswithinanyonepersonaccordingtohispurposeinreadingandhisfamiliaritywiththetext.Furthermore,itcanbeaffectedbysuchfactorsaslightingandtiredness.
Unfortunately,inthepast,manyreadingimprovementcourseshaveconcentratedtoomuchonhowoureyesmoveacrosstheprintedpage.Asaresultofthismisleadingemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsofreading,numerousexerciseshavebeendevisedtotraintheeyestoseemorewordsatonefixation.Forinstance,insomeexercises,wordsareflashedontoascreenfor,say,atenthoratwentiethofasecond.Oneoftheexerciseshasrequiredstudentstofixtheireyesonsomecentralpoint,takinginthewordsoneitherside.Suchwordpatternsareoftenconstructedintheshapeofrathersteeppyramidssothereadertakesinmoreandmorewordsateachsuccessivefixation.Alltheseexercisesareveryclever,butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.Readingrequirestheabilitytounderstandtherelationshipbetweenwords.Consequently,forthesereasons,manyexpertshavenowbeguntoquestiontheusefulnessofeyetraining,especiallysinceanyapproachwhichtrainsapersontoreadisolatedwordsandphraseswouldseemunlikelytohelphiminreadingacontinuoustext.
Q:
1.Thetimeoftherecognitionspancanbeaffectedbythefollowingfactsexcept________.
A.one’sfamiliaritywiththetext
B.one’spurposeinreading
C.thelengthofagroupofwords
D.lightingandtiredness
2.Theauthormaybelievethatreading______.
A.requiresareadertotakeinmorewordsateachfixation
B.requiresareadertoseewordsmorequickly
C.demandsandeeply-participatingmind
D.demandsmoremindthaneyes
3Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“butit’sonethingtoimproveaperson’sabilitytoseewordsandquiteanotherthingtoimprovehisabilitytoreadatextefficiently.”inthesecondparapraph?
A.Theabilitytoseewordsisnotneededwhenanefficientreadingisconducted.
B.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan’thelptoimproveboththeabilitytoseeandtocomprehendwords.
C.Thereadingexercisesmentionedcan’thelptoimproveanefficientreading.
D.Thereadingexercisesmentionedhasdoneagreatjobtoimproveone’sabilitytoseewords.
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
A.Thevisualspanisawordoragroupofwordsweseeeachtime.
B.Manyexpertsbegantoquestiontheefficiencyofeyetraining.
C.Theemphasisonthepurelyvisualaspectsismisleading.
D.Theeyetrainingwillhelpreadersinreadingacontinuoustext.
5.Thetuneoftheauthorinwritingthisarticleis________
Acritical
Bneutral
Cprssimistic
Doptimistic
解题思路
1C。
事实细节题。
第一段提到了影响视幅的因素:
不同的人,不同的阅读目的,对材料的熟悉程度,光线,疲劳。
C“一组词的长度”不是能影响视幅的因素,是本题的答案。
2C。
观点态度题。
作者在第二段第二句提到,眼睛训练课程只注重了阅读的视觉因素。
倒数第二句书哦,阅读要求具备理解单词间关系的能力。
因此选项C“阅读需要大脑的深度参与”正确。
作者没有否定阅读的视觉因素的必要性,但是也没有说读者应该练习拓宽视幅,加快阅读速度。
所以AB两项都不正确。
作者没有对大脑和眼睛在阅读过程中的重要性进行对比,所以不选D
3C。
作者在这句话中先是肯定了那些阅读练习提高看单词的能力,然后提出了有效阅读概念。
后面句中还指出,有效阅读需要的是理解单词间的联系的能力。
所以作者的意思应该是那些(训练眼睛的)阅读练习对与有效的阅读无益。
B与文章相反。
D句是蕴涵其中一个意思,却不是作者想表达的方向。
4D。
第二段最后一句说,眼睛训练对于帮助读者阅读连贯文章无益,所以D是错的,是本题答案。
5A。
参考前面的结构剖析,作者写本文的主要目的是对那些只关注阅读的视觉因素的阅读能力课程进行批判,所以答案应该是A。
2.
Themodernsailingshipwasdevelopedbyamanwhoneverwenttosea.
HewasPrinceHenryofPortugal,theyoungersonofthePartuguesekingandanEnglishprincess.
PrinceHenrylivedinthefifteenthcentury.Asaboyhebecamedevotedtothesea,andhededicatedhimselftoimprovingthedesignofshipsandthemethodsofsailingthem.In1416,whenhewastwentytwo,Henryfoundedaschoolformariners,towhichheinvitedeveryonewhocouldhelphim—Jewishastronomers,ItalianandSpanishsailors,andArabmathematiciansandmapmakerswhoknewtousethecrude
compassofthedayandcouldimproveit.
Henry’sgoalwastodesignandequipvesselsthatwouldbecapableofmakinglongoceanvoyageswithouthavingtohugtheshore.Thecaravelcarriedmoresailandwaslongerandslimmerthananyshipthenmade,yetwastoughenoughtowithstandgalesatsea.Healsodevelopedthecarrack,whichwasaslowership,butonethatwascapableofcarryingmorecargo.
ToPrinceHenrytheworldowescreditfordevelopmentofcraftthatmadeoceanicexplorationpossible.HelivesinhistoryasHenrytheNavigator.
1.HenrytheNavigatorwasamemberoftheroyalfamilyof____.
A.EnglandB.SpainC.ItalyD.Portugal
2.PrinceHenrystartedhisschoolforthepurposeof____.
A.helpingmariners
B.improvingshipdesignandsailingmethods
C.studyingastronomyandmathematics
D.improvinghisownskillasasailor
3.TheteachersinPrinceHenry’sschoolseemtohavebeen____.
A.membersoftheroyalfamily
B.astronomers,sailorsandmapmakers
C.shipbuilders
D.Alloftheabove
4.PrinceHenry’sgoalwastodesignvesselsthatcould____.
A.makelongdeepseavoyages
B.travelfasterthanthoseinuseatthattime
C.explorethecoastlineofPortugal
D.carrylargercrewsandmorecargothanexistingone
5.Thebesttitleforthispassageis
A.TheFirstModernSailingVessels
B.TheMarinerPrince
C.PrinceHenry’sRoleinHistory
D.TheFirstSchoolforSailors
解题思路
1.D。
航海家享利是哪个皇室家族中的一员?
本题为细节题。
这道题的答案在第一段,不难作答。
2.B。
享利王子创建他的学校是为了……本题为推断题。
这道题要求结合上下文考虑。
第二段中讲述享利王子致力于发展船只设计技术与航海术,后面马上提到他建立学校及学校成员:
天文学家、水手、数学家、制图人。
综合考虑,答案应该是B。
3.B。
享利王子的学校中的老师是……本题为细节题。
这道题的答案在第二段,选项A、C是文中未提及的,所以不选。
4.A。
享利王子目的是要造什么样的船?
本题为细节题。
这道题的答案在第三段第一句话。
“becapableofmakelongoceanvoyageswithouthavingtohugtheshore”意指“能作远洋航行而无须紧靠海岸”。
5.C。
本文最好的标题是什么?
本题为综合分析题。
这道题要求考生通读全文,掌握大意进行分析。
A、B、D三项都不是对文大意最好的归纳。
而且选项A中“Modern”一词是不合适的;B项中“Mariner”一词是错用,从文中可以得知享利王子从未进入海洋(第一句);D项中“thefirst”也是文中未提及的。
而C项则是对本文最好的概括。
3.
Thestandardizededucationalorpsychologicaltests,whicharewidelyusedtoaidinselecting,assigningorpromotingstudents,employeesandmilitarypersonnel,havebeenthetargetofrecentattacksinbooks,magazines,thedailypress,andeveninCongress.Thetargetiswrong,for,inattackingthetests,criticsdivertattentionfromthefaultthatlieswithill-informedorincompetentusers.Theteststhemselvesaremerelytools.Whethertheresultswillbevaluable,meaningless,orevenmisleadingdependspartlyuponthetoolitselfbutlargelyupontheuser.
Allinformedpredictionsoffutureperformancearebaseduponsomeknowledgeofrelevantpastperformance.Howwellthepredictionswillbevalidatedbylaterperformancedependsupontheamount,reliabilityandappropriatenessoftheinformationusedandontheskillandwisdomwithwhichitisinterpreted.Anyonewhokeepscarefulscoreknowsthattheinformationavailableisalwaysincompleteandthatthepredictionsarealwayssubjecttoerror.
Standardizedtestsshouldbeconsideredinthiscontext:
theyprovideaquick,objectivemethodofgettingsomekindofinformationaboutwhatapersonhaslearned,theskillshehasdeveloped,orthekindofpersonheis.Theinformationsoobtainedhas,qualitatively,thesameadvantagesandshortcomingsasotherkindsofinformation.Whethertousetests,otherkindsofinformation,orbothinaparticularsituationdepends,therefore,upontheempiricalevidenceconcerningcomparativevalidityanduponsuchfactorsascostandavailability.
Ingeneral,thetestsworkmosteffectivelywhenthetraitsorqualitiestobemeasuredcanbemostpreciselydefined(forexample,abilitytodowellinaparticularcourseoftrainingprogram)andleasteffectivelywhenwhatistobemeasuredorpredictedcannotbewelldefined,forexample,personalityorcreativity.Properlyused,theyprovidearapidmeansofgettingcomparableinformationaboutmanypeople.Sometimestheyidentifystudentswhosehighpotentialhasnotbeenpreviouslyrecognized.
1.Inthispassage,theauthorisprimarilyconcernedwith_________.
A.thenecessityofstandardizedtests
B.thevalidityofstandardizedtests
C.themethodusedininterpretingtheresultsofstandardizedtests.
D.thetheoreticalgroundsofstandardizedtests.
2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______.
A.standardizedtestsshouldnolongerbeused.
B.resultsofstandardizedtestsaccuratelyreflecttheabilitiesofthetestees
C.thevalueofstandardizedtestsliesintheirproperinterpretation
D.specialmethodsmustbeappliedtotheresultofstandardizedtests.
3.Theword“empirical”(Line6,Para.3)mostprobablymeans“___________”
A.theoretical
B.critical
C.indisputable
D.experiential
4.Accordingtothepassage,standardizedtestsworkworkmosteffectivelywhen____________.
A.theuserknowshowtointerprettheresultsinadvance.
B.theobjectivesaremostclearlydefined.
C.thepersonswhotakethetestareintelligentorskillful.
D.theymeasurethetraitsorqualitiesofthetests
5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardstandardizedtestscouldbedescribedas_______.
A.positive
B.critical
C.prejudiced
D.indifferent.
答案,解题思路,全文翻译~
DDDBA
解题思路
1选D。
主旨大意题。
第一段是给出话题,作为主题内容的第二、三段都是对标准花测试的理论基础
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- 英语四 阅读 每日 同名 21484