6月英语四级考试考前模拟考试试题及答(三).doc
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6月英语四级考试考前模拟考试试题及答(三).doc
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2010年6月英语四级考试考前模拟考试试题及答案(三)
PartIwriting(30minutes)
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetopicDormitoryLife.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:
1.大学宿舍的集体生活是全新的体验。
2.宿舍生活与在家生活的不同之处。
3.宿舍生活利与弊。
DormitoryLife
PartIIReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)
(15minutes)
Directions:
Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestion8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage。
AnimalsontheMove
Itlookedlikeascenefrom“Jaws”butwithoutthedramaticmusic.Ahugesharkwaslowlyswimmingthroughthewater,itstailswingingbackandforthlikethependulumofaclock。
Suddenlysensitivenerveendingintheshark’sskinpickedupvibrationsofastrugglingfish.Thesharkwasimmediatelytransformedintoadeadly,efficientmachineofdeath.Withmusclestaut,thesharkknifedthroughthewateratarapidspeed.Inaflashthesharkcaughtitsvictim,alargefish,initspowerfuljaws.Then,jerkingitsheadbackandforth,thesharktorehugechunksoffleshfromitsvictimandswallowedthem.Soontheactionwasover。
MovingtoSurvive
Inpursuingitsprey,thesharkdemonstratedinadramaticwaytheimportantroleofmovement,orlocomotion,inanimals。
Liketheshark,mostanimalsusemovementtofindfood.Theyalsouselocomotiontoescapeenemies,findamate,andexplorenewterritories.Themethodsoflocomotionincludecrawling,hopping,slithering,flying,swimming,orwalking。
Humanshavetheaddedadvantageofusingtheirvariousinventionstomoveaboutinjustaboutanykindofenvironment.Automobiles,rockets,andsubmarinestransporthumansfromdeepoceanstoasfarawayasthemoon.However,forotheranimalsmovementcameaboutnaturallythroughmillionsofyearsofevolution.Oneofthemostsuccessfulexamplesofanimallocomotionisthatoftheshark.Itsabilitytoquicklyzeroinonitspreyhasalwaysimpressedscientists.ButittookadetailedstudybyDukeUniversitymarinebiologistsS.A.Wainwright,F.Vosburgh,andJ.H.Hebranktofindouthowthesharksdidit.IntheirstudythescientistsobservedsharksswimminginatankatMarinelandinSaintAugustine,Fla.Moviesweretakenofthesharks’movementsandanalyzed.Studieswerealsomadeofsharkskinandmuscle。
SkinIstheKey
Thebiologistsdiscoveredthattheskinofthesharkisthekeytotheanimal’shighefficiencyinswimmingthroughthewater.Theskincontainsmanyfibersthatcrisscrossliketheinsideofabeltedradialtire.Thefibersarecalledcollagenfibers.Thesefiberscaneitherstoreorreleaselargeamountsofenergydependingonwhetherthefibersarerelaxedortaut.Whenthefibersarestretched,energyisstoredinthemthewayenergyisstoredinthestringofabowwhenpulledtight.Whentheenergyisreleased,thefibersbecomerelaxed。
TheDukeUniversitybiologistshavefoundthatthegreateststretchingoccurswherethesharkbendsitsbodywhileswimming.Duringthebody’sbackandforthmotion,fibersalongtheoutsidepartofthebendingbodystretchgreatly.Muchpotentialenergyisstoredinthefibers.Thisenergyisreleasedwhentheshark’sbodysnapsbacktheotherway。
Asenergyisalternatelystoredandreleasedonbothsidesoftheanimal’sbody,thetailwhipsstronglybackandforth.Thiswhip-likeactionpropelstheanimalthroughthewaterlikealivingbullet。
SourceofEnergy
Whatcausesthefiberstostoresomuchenergy?
InfindingtheanswertheDukeUniversityscientistslearnedthattheshark’ssimilaritytoabeltedradialtiredoesn’tstopwiththeskin.Justasaradialtireisinflatedbypressure,so,too,istheareajustundertheshark’scollagen“radials”.Insteadofairpressure,however,thepressureinthesharkmaybeduetotheforceofthebloodpressingonthecollagenfibers。
Whenthesharkswimsslowly,thepressureonthefibersisrelativelylow.Thefibersaremorerelaxed,andthesharkisabletobenditsbodyatsharpangles.Theanimalswimsthiswaywhenlookingaroundforfoodorjustswimming.However,whenthesharkdetectsanimportantfoodsource,somefantasticinvoluntarychangestakeplace。
Thepressureinsidetheanimalmayincreaseby10times.Thispressurechangegreatlystretchesthefibers,enablingmuchenergytobestored。
Thisenergyisthentransferredtothetail,andthesharkisoff.Therestofthestoryispredictable。
DolphinHasSpeedRecord
Anotherfastmarineanimalisthedolphin.Thisseagoingmammalhasbeenclockedatspeedsof32kilometers(20miles)anhour.Biologistsstudyingthedolphinhavediscoveredthat,liketheshark,theanimal’sefficientlocomotioncanbetracedtoitsskin.Adolphin’sskinismadeupinsuchawaythatitoffersverylittleresistancetothewaterflowingoverit.Normallywhenafishorotherobjectmovesslowlythroughthewater,thewaterflowssmoothlypastthebody.Thissmoothflowisknownaslaminarflow.However,atfasterspeedsthewaterbecomesmoreturbulentalongthemovingfish.Thisturbulencemusesfrictionandslowsthefishdown。
Inadolphintheskinissoflexiblethatitbendsandyieldstothewavinessofthewater。
Thewaves,ineffect,becometuckedintotheskin’sfolds.Thisallowstherestofthewatertomovesmoothlybyinalaminarflow.Whereotheranimalswouldbeslowedbyturbulentwateratrapidspeeds,thedolphincanracethroughthewateratrecordbreakingspeeds。
OtherAnimalsLessEfficient
Notallanimalsmoveasefficientlyassharksanddolphins.Perhapsthegreatestloserinlocomotionefficiencyistheslug.Theslug,whichlookslikeasnailwithoutashell,laysdownaslimytrailoverwhichitcrawls.Itusessomuchenergyproducingtheslimymucusandcrawlingoveritthatamousetravelingthesamedistanceusesonlyonetwelfthasmuchenergy。
Scientistssaythatbecauseoftheslug’sinefficientuseofenergy,itslifestylemustberestricted.Thatis,theanimalsareforcedtoconfinethemselvestosmallareasforobtainingfoodandfindingproperlivingconditions.Havehumanseverbeenfacedwiththiskindofproblem?
1.Accordingtothepassage,asharkcanusemovementtodosomethingexcept______________。
[A]tofindfood
[B]toavoidbeingchasedbyitsenemies
[C]tofindanewplacetolive
[D]toshowitsbraveness
2.Examplesofautomobiles,rocketsandsubmarinesareusedtoshowthat_______________。
[A]humansarethemostcleverlivingcreaturesintheworld
[B]humaninventionsenableustotravelinalmostanykindofenvironment
[C]humansareverysuccessfulininventingtransportationtools
[D]humanscan’tmovelikeotheranimalsinanycircumstances
3.Whatisthekeytotheshark’sswiftlocomotioninwater?
[A]Theskin.[B]Thetail.[C]Themuscle.[D]Thejaw。
4.AccordingtotheDukeUniversityscientists,whendoesthesharkstretchitscollagenfiberstothegreatestextent?
[A]Whenmovingitstailrapidly。
[B]Whenfindingitspreys。
[C]Whenstayingwithoutanymovement。
[D]Whenbendingitsbodyinswimming。
5.Whyistheareajustundertheshark’scollagenfiberssimilartoabeltedradialtire?
[A]Becauseitisalsofullofbloodpressure。
[B]Becauseitisalsofilledofairpressure。
[C]Becauseitisalsoinflatedbypressure。
[D]Becauseitalsocanbeusedagainandagain。
6.Alaminarflowisformedwhenafishswims________________。
[A]slowlythroughthewater[B]rapidlythroughthewater
[C]againstthecurrent[D]atthefastestspeedinwater
7.Consumingtheequalamountofenergyasaslugdoes,amousecantravelaslongasit______________。
[A]onetwelfthtimes.[B]thesame.[C]12times.[D]1.2times。
8.Asharkfindsitspreyby________________。
9.Accordingtothepassage,_______________canbecomparedtothestringofabowforbothofthemstoreenergywhenstretched。
10.Whenthesharkdetectsanimportantfoodsource,__________________________takeplace。
PartIIIListeningComprehension(35minutes)
SectionA
Directions:
Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D],anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre。
11.[A]Hehadfinishedhiswork.[B]Hecamebacktosurprisehiswife。
[C]Hecamebackforlunch.[D]Hecamebacktofetchsomedocument。
12.[A]Atalibrary.[B]Inabus。
[C]Attheairport.[D]Atapostoffice。
13.[A]There’sapaperbythedoor。
[B]Thepapermusthaveblownaway。
[C]Heshouldlookfurtherunderthedesk。
[D]Hecanbuyanotheroneatthecorner。
14.[A]11:
25.[B]11:
40.[C]11:
46.[D]11:
26.
15.[A]Therentistoohigh。
[B]Hecan’taffordthehightaxes。
[C]Hedoesn’twanttoliveinthesuburbs。
[D]It’stoofarawayfromhisoffice。
16.[A]No.Hehastofinishhishomework。
[B]No.Hedoesn’tlikegoingtotheclub。
[C]Yes.He’llgoafterhefinisheshishomework。
[D]Yes.He’llwritehispaperafterhereturns。
17.[A]Shelostherway.[B]Shelostherkeys。
[C]Shelosthercar.[D]Shelostherhandbag。
18.[A]Worriedandfrightened.[B]Veryrelaxed。
[C]Quiteunhappy.[D]Angrywiththeprofessor。
Questions19to22arebasedontheconversatio
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