电机实习生培训材料资料.docx
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电机实习生培训材料资料.docx
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电机实习生培训材料资料
NewAllianceMarineTrainingCentre
海员培训教材
ElectricCadetPre-seaTraining
Edition-January2008
(Strictlyforinternaluse)
ElectricCadetPre-seaTraining
CONTENTS
Subj.No.
Description
1
GeneralShipboardFamiliarization
2
ParallelingofGeneratorEngine
3
EmergencyEngineOperation
4
Blackout–M/EandA/ESafetyDeviceTestProcedure
5
Checklist–WorkingwithPowerTools
6
Checklist–WorkingonElectricalCircuits
7
FireDetectorHeadChecklist
8
3-phaseElectricMotorOverhaulReport
9
ElectricMonthlyWorkingRecord
10
MeggerTestRecord
11
Names/TermsofEngineRoomMaintenance&Inspection
12
Terminology&NamesofShipboardEquipment
13
BasicUnderstandingofRefrigeration(Reefer)Containers
ElectricCadetPre-seaTraining
1.Generalshipboardfamiliarization
a.DutyofElect.Engineeronships.
Reportsto:
ChiefEngineer
Responsibility:
Operationandmaintenanceofallelectrical/electronicequipment,
Duties:
(1)keepallelectricalequipmentinaworkingconditioninaccordancewithstatutoryrulesandregulationsandcompanyrequirementsandasdirectedbyC/EandMaster
(2)Maintainallelectricalequipmentandassociatedequipmenttoastandardrequiredbylawandbythecompany,toberecorded
(3)Inspectdailyandmaintaintheemergencyequipment
(4)Carryoutinstructionaldutiesasrequired
(5)AssistC/EandMastertosafeguardseaworthinessofthevessel
b.Theelectrical/electronicequipmentsinengineroomandondeckare:
oGenerator
omainswitchboard
oemergencyswitchboard
ocontrolpanels
ovariouselectricalequipments(220V/110V,24V).
c.Maintenanceprocedures,routineinspectionsandrecords.
MaintenanceproceduresandroutineinspectionsshouldbecarriedoutinaccordancetoManualorInstructionBookonboardvessel.SomecompaniesestablishownPMS(suchasAMOS,MAITMEN,etc.)baseonCompany’spolicywithprocedureofandmaintenanceinaccordancewithmakers’InstructionBook.
ThemaintenanceplanofPMSshouldbepreparedonquarterly,monthlyandyearlybasistakingconsiderationofmaintenancerequirementofmachineries,Checklist,recordofinspectionandmaintenanceworksshouldberecordedforfuturereferenceandasevidenceofcompliance.
d.Hazardofelectricaloperation.
Extremeprecautionmustbeobservedeverytimewhencarryourinspection;maintenanceandrepairsondeckandinengineroom,
PrecautionGuidance:
1
Avoidcontactwithelectricalpowercable/lines.Evencontactwithlowvoltagelinessuchas110-volthouseholdlightingcircuitscanresultindeath.
2
Employeesshouldavoidsteppingonorhandlinglivewiring,lightingunitsor
handlampsfoundlyingonthefloororground,especiallyindampareas.Suchaconditionshouldberemediedbyopeningthecircuitandrestoringtheitemstotheproperplace.
3
Inoperatingelectricalequipment,employeesshouldproceedaccordingtoinstructions.Theyshouldnotexperiment.Ifequipmentdoesnotoperateproperly,theyshouldcalltheElectrician
4
Unauthorizedpersonsmustnotattempttomakerepairstoelectricalequipment.Allunsafeappliances,cablesandelectricalapparatus'shouldbereportedtotheElectrician
5
OnlytheElectricianorotherauthorizedpersonsshallrepairdefectiveelectricalequipment
6
Defectiveorfrayedelectriccordsorequipmentandappliancesmustberepairedorreplaced.
7
Electricaloutletsshouldnotbeoverloaded.
8
Substitutesforfusessuchascoins,slugs,oranyothermake-shiftconnectionsmustneverbeused
9
Onlyauthorizedpersonnelshouldattendtoreplaceprimaryfuses.
10
Hands,shoesandclothingshouldbedrywhenanyelectricalequipmentishandled.
11
Allportableelectrictoolsshallbecircuit-groundedthroughthethirdwireofathree-conductorcord.
12
Waterorsteamshouldnotbeusedtowashtheareanearelectricmotorsorotherelectricapparatusesunlessthepowerhasbeencutoff.
13
Whenchangingabrokenlightbulbmakesurethatthecircuitisde-energized.
14
Keeptheglasswareonallindustrialfixturescleansothatilluminationwillbeatasafelevel.Neverremoveprotectiveglobesfromvapor-prooforexplosionprooffixtureslongerthannecessarytocleanorreplace.
15
).Employeesshouldavoidhandlingbrokenfragmentsoffluorescentlamptubesandshouldnotbreathedustorvaporsfromabrokenlamp.Sufficienttimeshouldbeallowedfortheatmospheretoclearbeforecleaningupthebrokenpieces.Shouldanywoundsbereceived,employeesshouldwashthoroughlyandseekimmediatemedicalattention.Burnedouttubesshouldalwaysbedisposedof,soahazardtootherpeoplewillnotbecreated.
16
Safetylampsandextensioncordsmustbekeptingoodrepair.Theymustbecheckedforbadinsulationandcrackedorbrokenprotectionglobes.Thecordshallnotbeusedifitisdefective.Careshouldbetakentoavoidwrappingthecordaroundthearms,oranyportofthebody.Avoidstandinginwaterwhenusingthecord
17
Allportablehandlampsusedinhazardouslocationsmustbeofexplosion-proofandapprovedtype
18
).Noportablehandlampsshouldbeusedunlesstheoutsideglobeandmetalguardareinplace
19
Doorsandcoversofelectricapparatusenclosuresshallbekeptclosedandsecuredexceptwhilemakingrepairs.
20
Switches,whichareopenedtopermitworkonelectricalcircuitorequipmentshouldbelockedintheopenpositionortaggedtowarnagainstclosingthem.
21
Allnon-currentcarryingenclosuresorstructuresusedinelectricapparatusesorcircuitsshallbegrounded.Inagroupingofelectricapparatus'thegroundmaybecommon.Beforeopeningorworkingonsuchenclosuresorstructuresdeterminethatthegroundiseffective.AlwayscalltheElectrician.
2.发电机的并车与解列
一.并车
1
发电机起动后,用调速旋钮调节电压与频率和电网的基本相同
2
把控制方式开关转到手动(MANUL)位置
3
将同步表开关转到待并发电机
4
调节调速旋钮,使同步表指针沿顺时针(FAST)方向慢慢转动。
当指针转
至57分钟位置时,手动拉出合闸/分闸旋钮快速向右(CLOSE)方向转动----合闸并电。
5
待并机合闸后,同时调节待并机与运行机的调速旋钮(+/-),使负荷转移并进行平均分配,频率维持在额定值60Hz。
6
并电完成后,将控制方式开关转到自动(AUTO)位置
**同步表开关转到关(OFF)位置,切记----勿忘关掉此开关**
二.解列
1
同时相反方向调节待解列机和运行机的调速旋钮(+/-),使负荷转移,保持频率基本为额定值60Hz。
2
观察各功率表,当待解列机功率很小(20KW以下)时,手动拉出合闸/分闸旋钮快速向左(OPEN)方向转动----解列。
解列发电机空载运行10分钟后,机旁停车、冲车。
3.应急发电机操作说明(Emergencyengineoperation)
1
起动前检查曲拐箱油位
(1)。
CheckL.Osumplevel
(1)
2
检查燃油阀
(2)是否已打开。
CheckF.Oinletvalve
(2)openornot.
3
将“MODESELECT”开关(3)转到“MANUAL”位置。
Turn“MODESELECT”switch(3)to“MANUAL”side.
4
将“ENG.CONTROL”手柄(4)拉出转到“START”位置,即可起动。
Drawoutthe“ENGINECONTROLSPINDLE”(4)to“START”side.
5
停车时,将“ENG.CONTROL”手柄(4)拉出转到“STOP”位置,
至发电机完全停止再松开手柄。
Whenenginstop:
Turnthe“ENGINECONTROLSPINDLE”(4)to“STOP”side.
6
最后将“MODESELECT”开关(3)转到“AUTO”位置。
Turnthe“MODESELECT”switch(3)to“AUTO”side.
4.BLACK-OUTOFMAINENGINEANDAUXILIARYENGINESAFETYDEVICESTESTPROCEDURE
PREPARATION
GyroandallP.C.’stobeswitchedoff.
HavethealarmtesthandpumpandattachmentsstandingbyfortestingM.E.trips.
MAINENGINESLOWDOWN
AA-Parallelthestandbygenerator.(No.2)
BB-StarttheMainEngine“loaddown”program.
CC-Testtheaux.boilerburnerandsetittoautocut-in.
DD-JEOtoattendtotheM.E.jacketcoolingwatertemperatures
EE-When“FullAhead”manoeuvringrevs.arereached,theOilMistDetectoristobeactivatedwithsmoketoreducetheMainEnginerevolutionsto“DeadSlow”
TOTALELECTRICALPOWERFAILURE
AATransferalltheelectricalloadtoNo.3auxiliaryengine.
BBEnsurethatNo.2steeringgearandtelemotorsystemisrunning.
CCUsingthegovernorloadknobonNo.3dieselgenerator,slowlyreducethespeedoftheengineuntiltheA.C.B.trips(mainswitchboardbreaker),havingdetectedalowfrequency.
DDHaveatorchhandy.
EEWhenthepowerlossoccurstheBridgeWatchkeeperistopulltheenginetelegraphtostop”.
FFRadioofficertostandbythebatterychargerandmonitorandrecordtheloadandvoltdroponthebatterpacks.
FFSeethattheemergencygeneratorstartsautomaticallyandcomesonload.
GGSeethatthestandbyauxiliaryengine(No.2)automaticallystartsandcomesonload.
HHThemachinerywillautomaticallystartinapresetsequenceasfollows:
-
Lighting
0seconds
NavigationandCommunicationsEquipment
0seconds
ControlandInstrumentEquipment
0seconds
SteeringGear
0seconds
AuxiliaryEnginesF.O.supplyUnit
0seconds
AuxiliaryEnginesL.O.primingpump
5seconds
MainEngineJacketCoolingF.W.Pump
5seconds
MainEngineL.T.coolingF.W.Pump
5seconds
MainEngineCamshaftL.O.Pump
10seconds
MainEngineF.O.CirculatingPump
10seconds
MainEngineF.O.SupplyPump.
10seconds
MainEngineCoolingS.W.Pump.
10seconds
MainEngineAuxiliaryBlower
15seconds
.
StartingAirCompressor
20seconds
ToppingUpAirCompressor
20seconds
ExhaustGasEconomiserWaterCirculatingPump
25seconds
AuxiliaryBoilerWaterFeedPump.
25seconds
EngineRoomVentilationFan.
30seconds
IIAllsystemsaretobereinstatedtonormaloperationincludingtheitemsthatrequiremanualresetting.JEOtomonitorM.E.jacketwatertemperaturesandto4EOresetthepurifiers.
JJSeethattheemergencydieselgeneratorautomaticallycomesoffloadandstops.
KKNo.3auxiliaryenginegovernorloadknobtobewoundbackup.
PUMPAUTOCHANGEOVERS
Testthatallthestandbypumpsstartbytrippingthebreakersoftheleadmachines.
MAINENGINEEMERGENCYMANOEUVRING
AAChangeoverMainEnginecontroltothelocalstation.
BBTheBridgewatchkeeperwillanswertheenginemovementrequestsontheTelegraph.
CCDisengagetheMainEnginegovernorandchangeovertolocalcontrol.
DDTesttheMainEnginerunningD.SAHEADandrunningD.S.ASTERN.
EE
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