高考英语非谓语动词考点及易错点讲解.docx
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高考英语非谓语动词考点及易错点讲解.docx
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高考英语非谓语动词考点及易错点讲解
高考英语非谓语动词考点及易错点讲解
一、考点分析
一).非谓语题的解题总方法与思路:
1.先看四个答案:
如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题。
2.看符号:
中间有个逗号,末尾有个句号(有时中间没有逗号);
3.看有没有连接词(引导词)。
如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话,一部分是句子时,那么另一部分就一定是非句子,而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词。
4.定语态:
如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的主谓关系,那么答案一般用Ving形式;如果本句的主语(或动词自带的逻辑主语)与它是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系),那么答案一般用Ved形式。
5.定时态:
如果非谓语的动作比谓语先(或先很久)发生,那么非谓语动词要用完成式(tohavedone/tohavebeendone/havingdone/Havingbeendone),否则我们要用非谓语的一般式(todo/tobedone/doing/beingdone/done)。
Eg.1._________foranhourbyhisteacher,theboyfeltdepressed.
A.BeingscoldedB.HavingbeenscoldedC.TobescoldedD.Scolding
2.________(enter)theroom,heturnedonthelight.
A.EnteringB.EnteredC.BeingenteredD.Toenter
二、专题精讲
知识点1:
非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点:
一).使用非谓动词的语言结构。
v在“句子,and/or/but+句子”的并列句结构中,可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句,四个答案表面上象非谓语,其实考查的是谓语。
1.______hardandyouwillsucceedintheexam.
2.______hardoryouwillfailintheexam.
A.StudyB.TostudyC.StudyingD.Studied
3._____hard,youwillsucceedintheexam.
A.StudyB.TostudyC.StudyingD.Studied
4.-Englishishardtolearn,isn'tit?
-Idon'tthinkso.________morewordsandexpressions,andyouwillfinditeasiertoreadandcommunicate.
A.KnowingB.KnowC.ToknowD.Known
v在“句子,非句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语:
1.Theteacherdevotedhislifetohiscareer,______mostofhisstudentssuccessfulinstudy.
A.makeB.tomakeC.makingD.made
2.______inCanadarose1.0percentinthethirdquarterof2012,followinga0.1percentincreaseintheprevious
quarter.
A.TouristspendB.TouristspentC.TouristspendingD.Touristspends
3.AstrongearthquakehitNewZealandSouthIslandcityofChristchurch,_______widespreaddestructioninthe
citycenter.
A.causedB.tocauseC.causingD.tohavecaused
4.TheSwedishacademyannouncedinStockholmonOctober11thatMoYanwouldreceive
the2012NobelPrizeforliterature,________himthefirstChinesenationaltowintheaward.
A.makingB.tomakeC.havingmadeD.made
5.Overtime,overuseofantibiotics(抗生素)leadstobacteriathatareresistanttothedrugs,_____themallthehardertokill.
A.makeB.tomakeC.madeD.making
6.________animportantpositioninabigcompany,Richardhasagoodchancetoimprovehimself.
A.OfferedB.OfferingC.HavingofferedD.Tooffer
7.Don’tspendtimebeatingonawall,_____tochangeitintoadoor.
A.hopeB.hopingC.hopedD.tohope
v在“非句子,句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语:
1._________withchildren,Iknowwhatisneededmost.
A.WorkingB.HavingworkedC.WorkedD.Towork
2.__________foryears,thehousedesignedbyanItalianarchitectfinallycollapsed.
A.HavingneglectedB.BeingneglectedC.TobeneglectedD.Havingbeenneglected
3.Thedisc,digitally_______inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.
A.recordingB.toberecorded C.havingrecordedD.Recorded
4.Conveniently_______indowntown,thehotelisquitepopularwithvisitorstothecity.
A.locatingB.tolocateC.beinglocatedD.located
5.Though______oftakingtoomanyrisks,theclimbercontinuedhischallenge.
A.wasaccusedB.accusingC.accusedD.tobeaccused
6.________byTaobao4yearsago,themassivepromotioncampaignonNov.11,Singles'day,hasseenthefiercestcompetitionamongChineseonlineretailers.
A.HavinginitiatedB.BeinginitiatedC.InitiatingD.Initiated
7.________hisownbossforsuchalongtime,hefoundithardtoacceptordersfromanother.
A.BeingB.TobeC.HavingbeenD.Been
8.Though_______ofdanger,sightseershavebeenflockingtothesitewheretheworld’sbiggestterroristBinLaden
lived.
A.warnedB.warningC.beingwarnedD.havingwarned
9..When________toseehisbadly-injuredfriendinhospital,healmostwentthrougharedlight.
A.driveB.drivingC.drivenD.havingdriven
10..________withanimals,Piknowshowtokeepthemunderorder.
A.GrowingupB.TohavegrownupC.HavinggrownupD.Togrowup
v在“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词:
1.Withherbaby_______onherback,thewomanwascleaningtherichman’shouse.
A.sleepB.sleptC.tosleepD.sleeping
2.Withhishair_______likearoleinthefilm,theboyfeltverycool.
A.cutB.tobecutC.cuttingD.tocut
v在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时,也可能用非谓语动词。
1.Hemadehissister______bytakingawayhertoy.
2.Hissisterwasmade_______byhistakingawayhertoy.
A.cryB.tocryC.cryingD.cried
3.thepolicemanfoundthethief______hishandintoanoldman’spocketandarrestedhim.
A.putB.puttingC.toputD.beingput
4.Wehavefoundouttheoldinthevillage________.
A.requirescaringforB.requiretakingcareof
C.requirebeingtakencareofD.requirestocarefor
5.Ihopetoachievethisobjectivebycallingonthesmokers__________goodjudgmentandshowconcernfor
othersratherthanbyregulation.
A.tousingB.usingC.useD.touse
6.I’dliketoseeyourproblem_________beforetheendofthisterm.
A.solveB.solvedC.tosolveD.tobesolved
7.Don’tletthesadnessofyourpastandthefearofyourfuture_____thehappinessofyourpresent.
A.ruinB.toruinC.ruiningD.ruined
8..Alwaysremembertogeteverybitofcriticism________betweentwothicklayersofpraise.
A.sandwichingB.beingsandwichedC.havingbeensandwichedD.sandwiched
练习:
非谓语动词考点易错点:
v1)表面上考分词,实际上考形容词的情况:
1.__________,hefellasleepquickly.
A.TireB.TiringC.TiredD.Totire
2.Themanwonabigprize,__________and________.
A.surprised;happyB.surprising;happy
C.surprised;pleasantD.surprising;pleased
3._______inthoughtoftheproblems,themandidn’trealizehisgirlfriend’scomingin.
A.LosingB.LostC.ToloseD.Havinglost
4.Thestudents________inartcansignintheformandbeamemberofourschool.
A.interestB.interestingC.interestedD.Tointerest
5.Thestudents,_________atthewaythequestionswereput,didn'tknowtheanswerstothem.
A.theybeingsurprisedB.surprisedC.theirbeingsurprisedD.thensurprised
v2)在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题:
1.__________awhiteskirt,thegirllookslikeaangel.
A.WoreB.wearC.dressedinD.dressing
2._______inaarmchair,heisalwayssurfingonline,eatingfishandchips.
A.SitB.SatC.SeatingD.Seated
v3)在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题:
1.________tiredandweak,thewomanshouldhaveadayofftoseeadoctor.
A.LookB.LookingC.LookedD.Looking
2.Withmanyproblems________________,thenewlyselectedpresidentwillhaveahardtime.
A.remain;unsettledB.remaining;unsettled
C.remained;unsettlingD.remained;unsettling
3.Havingsomeclothes___________,Icannotjoinyoutoseethefilm.
A.towashB.tobewashedC.washedD.washing
4._________smooth,thiskindofpensellswellinourschool.
A.TowriteB.WritingC.beingwrittenD.Written
v4)从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题:
逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致,有时逻辑主语不一致。
逻辑主语不一致时,非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语,这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构。
”
1._________fromthisangle,themountainlookslikeafaceofaman.
A.ToseeB.SeeingC.SeenD.Saw
2._______,I'llgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon.
A.TimepermitsB.IftimepermittingC.TimepermittingD.Time'spermitting
5)有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词。
1._________enemy,LiuHunanwasverybrave.
2._________withdifficulties,weshouldnotgivein.
A.TofaceB.FacedC.FacingD.Face
3.ThepresidentofSouthAfricafliedtoLibya,______tohelpsolvethecrisis.
4.ThepresidentofSouthAfricafliedtoLibya,______athelpingsolvethecrisis.
A.aimB.aimingC.aimedD.toaim
5.Though_______money,hisparentssenthimtoakeyuniversity.
6.Though_______inmoney,hisparentssenthimtoakeyuniversity.
7.Thoughin_____ofmoney,hisparentssenthimtoakeyuniversity.
A.lackB.lackingC.lackedD.tolack
6)作结果状语时,doing与(only)todo的区别。
表示结果状语时,现在分词(v+ing)表示意料之中的结果;而不定式(todo/onlytodo)表示意料之外的结果:
1.Hisparentswerekilledintheaccident,(thus)_______himanorphan.
A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.toleave
2.Ihurriedtoschool,only_______thatitwasSunday.
A.findB.findingC.foundD.tofind
7)作主语时,非谓语动词之todo与doing的区别。
1._________isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.
A.ThewalkB.WalkingC.TowalkD.Walk
2.ormanyparents,_______abalanceoftheInternetmediaandschoolworkfortheirchildrenhasbeenabigissue.
A.havingkeptB.keepingC.keptD.beingkept
3.Itcanneverbedeniedthat______withabigfamilyresultsinhisquittingschool.
A.havingburdenedB.beingburdenedC.toburdenD.Burdening
8)演变成了介词或连词的分词。
英语中有些词表面上看是分词,但实际上已经变成了介词,因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed形式已经变得约定俗成了。
这时往往不适用非谓动词规则,而是看英美人士的习惯。
1.___________herage,shelooksquiteyoung.
A.ConsiderB.ConsideredC.ToconsiderD.Considering
2.Hewasn’taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,___insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.
A.beingconsideredB.consideringC.tobeconsideredD.havingconsidered
高中阶段我们还学过的有:
介词
concerning
regarding
accordingto
including
owingto
关于
关于
根据;按照
包括
因为;由于
连词
given
supposing
seeing(that)
imaging
providing/provided
鉴于
假如
因为;既然
假如
假如
9)有些非谓语动词是省略而来的,有些则不是。
1.______byhermother,thegirlburstintotears.
A.BescoldedB.ScoldedC.ScoldingD.Toscold
2.____________thetombfor5years,heisnowcalledanexpertmoreorless.
A.StudyingB.HavingstudiedC.HavingbeenstudiedD.Tostudy
10)“连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别。
1.if_________anotherhour,Iwouldhavefinisheditbetter.(give的恰当形式填空)。
2.While_________homework,theboylikeslisteningtolightmusic.(do的恰当形式填空)
3.After__________,hefoundajobasasecretaryinacompany.(graduate的恰当形
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