研究生国际交流英语视听说3听力原文.docx
- 文档编号:13688267
- 上传时间:2023-06-16
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:55
- 大小:56.17KB
研究生国际交流英语视听说3听力原文.docx
《研究生国际交流英语视听说3听力原文.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《研究生国际交流英语视听说3听力原文.docx(55页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
研究生国际交流英语视听说3听力原文
研究生-国际交流英语-视听说-3--听力原文
Unit1GenderandSociety
Analyticallistening
Listening1
ALecture
A|&B|
OK,sotodaywe’regoingtocontinueonthetopicofhowchildrenaresocialized.We’llbelookingatgendersocialization—inotherwords,how,howchildrenlearntheirgenderroles.Genderissomethingthatwelearn—firstfromourparents,thenfromourpeers,fromschool,andfromtheculturewelivein.OK,let’sstartwithourparents.Generally,ourgenderrolesareprettycleartousbythetimewe’rearoundthreeyearsold.Sohowdowe,howdowelearntheserolessoquickly?
Well,onewayissimplybywhatourparentssaytous.Parentsgivefemalechildrenalotofcomplimentsonhowtheylook—ontheirappearance,right?
Wesaythingslike,“Whataprettygirl!
”or“That’sanicedressyou’rewearing.”Girlsmightgetcomplimentsonotherthings,too,butthey,theysoonlearnthatbeingfemininehassomethingtodowithbeingattractiveorpretty,right?
Boys,incontrast,arecomplimentedonwhattheydo.Wesaythingslike,“LookhowfastlittleTimmycanrun!
Goodforyou,Timmy!
”Soovertime,boyslearnthatbeing,beingmasculinehassomethingtodowiththeirbehaviourandwithbeingactive.
Ourpeers,whenwe’rechildren—girlsandboysaroundthesameageasweare—alsoteachusaboutgenderroles,andsometimesthey’renotveryniceaboutthiseither.Theymakefunofchildrenwhoaren’tfollowingtherules.Canyourememberkidsfromyourchildhoodwhodidn’tfollowthegenderrules?
Schoolscontinue,schoolscontinuetheprocessofgendersocialization.Someschoolshaveseparateclassesforgirlsandboys,and,um,ofcourseschooluniformsaredifferent—pantsforboys,andskirtsordressesforgirls.Finally,thecultureweliveinhasalottoteachusaboutgenderroles.
C|
Asyouknow,oneofthefirstquestionswhenababyisbornis,“Isitaboyoragirl?
”Wethinkit’simportanttoknowthisbecausewhenchildrengrowup,theirroleintheworlddependsontheirgender—atleasttosomedegree.Butnowadays,genderrolesarechanging,andbesides,therehavealwaysbeenafewpeoplewhoarenotaverage,whodonotfollowtheusualgenderpattern.
OnepersonfromhistorywhodidnotfollowherusualgenderrolewasHatshepsut.Around150yearsbeforeTutankhamenruledancientEgyptaspharaoh,orking,Hatshepsutruledfor21yearsasthefemalekingofEgypt.That’sright—femaleking,becausetherewasnosuchthingasaqueenasleader.Afewwomenhadfilledtheroleofleaderwhentheirsonsweretooyoungtorule,butHatshepsutstayedinpowerevenafterherstepson,TutmoseIII,wasoldenoughtorule.Andsheaccomplishedalotwhileshewasking!
UpanddowntheNileRiverwecanstillseethemonumentsandbuildingsthatwereconstructedorrepairedwhileHatshepsutwasking.Itseemsthatshedidnotwanttobeforgotten.
Besidesthebuildingsandmonuments,wehavealotofartfromthetimeofHatshepsut.Andwhat’sinterestingisthatatfirst,Hatshepsutisshownwithfemalecharacteristics—shewasclearlyawoman,butwiththeclothingandsymbolsofaking.Forexample,inonestatue,sheisseatedandhasthebodyofawomanbutiswearingtheheaddressofaking.Inlateryears,weseethereverse.Allofthelaterartworkshowsherasaman,withmalecharacteristics.We’renotsurewhyHatshepsuthadherartistsdothis,butitmayhavehelpedhertokeeppower.ItmighthavebeeneasierforEgyptianstoacceptamanasking—oratleastsomeonewholookedlikeaman.
Listening2
AConversationBetweenClassmates
A|
Mia:
Hey,Dylan!
Longtime,nosee!
Dylan:
Yeah,it’sbeenages!
Iwasgoneallsummer.Ihadajobworkingformyuncle,soIstayedwithhiminTorontofortwomonths.Whataboutyou,Mia?
How’veyoubeen?
Mia:
Great!
IjustspentthetimerightherebecauseIwastakingacourseinsummerschool.Iwanttograduateearly.
Dylan:
Wow,you’rereallyworkinghard!
So,...Whatdoyouthinkaboutthisclasswe’rein?
Mia:
Oh,Ithinkit’sgoingtobegreat!
It’ssuchaninterestingtopic—“GenderandSociology”.
Dylan:
Hmmph.Isuppose.IcanseethatProfessorHenleyisveryknowledgeableonthesubject.ButIcanalsoseethatIdisagreewithheraboutalotofthings.
Mia:
Suchas...?
B|
Dylan:
Well,Ithinksomejobsjustaren’tgoodforwomenlikefirefightersforinstance.
Mia:
What?
Youthinkwomenaren’tbraveenoughorsomething?
Dylan:
Hey,Ineversaidthat!
But,well,theyaren’tasstrong—physically,Imean.Doyouthinkawomancouldcarrymeoutofaburningbuilding?
Comeon,everyoneknowsmenarestrongerthanwomen.
Mia:
Ha!
So,youthinkyou’restrongerthanthefemaleathletesintheOlympics,justbecauseyou’reaman?
Dylan:
Well,no,ofcoursenot...
Mia:
Thenyoucan’tsaythatallmenarestrongerthanallwomen.Here,letmedrawyouagraph...
Dylan:
What’sthat?
Mia:
It’sfrommysummerschoolclass.Wehadtodosomeresearchongenderdifferences,andsimilarities.OK...now...lookatthis...Thislinehereshowshowitlooksifyoumakeagraphofhowstrongwomenare,byhowmuchweighttheycanlift.Here.Asmallwomancan’tliftmorethan20pounds.Andawomanathletecanlift200pounds.Right?
Dylan:
Idon’tknow,Iguessso.
Mia:
Now,whataboutmen?
Canallmenlift200pounds?
Dylan:
Well,no,probablynot.
Mia:
Canyoulift200pounds?
Hmmm?
Dylan:
(laughter)
Mia:
So,maybeareallysmallmancanonlylift,oh,50pounds.Andareallybigmancanlift200,sonotallmenareequalintermsofphysicalstrengtheither...Therearedifferentlevelsofstrengthwithinthegenders,too...So,thelineformenlookslikethis...DoyouseewhatImean?
Infact,it’struethatmostmenarestrongerthanmostwomen...sothereisagendergapwhenitcomestophysicalstrength.Butyoucan’tconcludethatallmenarestrongerthanallwomen.Andifyouhavetolift,say,150poundstobeafirefighter,thensomewomencandothejob.
Dylan:
Well,Isupposeso.
Mia:
Besides,mostwomenaresmallerthanmostmen.Sopossiblytheycangointosmallerspacestorescuepeople.
C|
Dylan:
Itsoundslikeyoujustwantwomentocompetewithmenandtaketheirjobsaway.
Mia:
No,Idon’t!
Therearelotsofgoodjobsthatonlywomenusedtodo,andnowmenarehiredforthem,too.
Dylan:
Hmm.Ican’tthinkofany!
Mia:
Well,lookatflightattendants.Foralongtimepeoplethoughtthatonlywomenhadtheabilitytobehelpfulonplanes.
Dylan:
Yeah,backwhentheystillusedtocallthemstewardesses,right?
Mia:
Yeah!
Myauntwasaflightattendant—orstewardess—whenshewasyoung,andshesaiditusedtobejustawful.Theywererequiredtobeverythin,andtheyweren’tallowedtokeeptheirjobsiftheygainedweight!
Oh,andtheywereforbiddentogetmarried,andtheyhadtostopworkingwhentheywere32—canyouimagine?
Butnowthat’sallchanged,fortunately,andtheairlinesencouragementobecomeflightattendants,too.Therearelotsofmenwhoareflightattendantsnow.
Dylan:
Itsoundslikeagreatjobtome—travelingeverydayandmeetingsomanypeople.Ican’timaginewhytheairlinesdidn’twantmen.
Mia:
Well,theythoughtthatallwomenweremorehelpfulthanallmen!
Dylan:
Now,that’sastupididea.Andhey,mencanliftheavierbagsforthepassengers!
Remember?
“Mostmenarestrongerthanmostwomen.”
Mia:
Dylan,you’reimpossible!
ViewingtheWorld
Wodaabe
Narrator:
For51weeksoftheyear,theWodaabe,anomadicAfricantribe,ekeoutalivingonaparchedstripoflandinWestAfrica.
Inthe52ndweek,theydance.Thisisfarmorethananordinarydance,though.Partbeautypageantandpartmatingritual,thisdanceispartofaseven-dayfestivalthatgivesthemeninthetribetheopportunitytoshowoffforthewomen.ForWodaabemen,thisisthetimetoweavethewebofenchantment.Forpsychologists,theWodaabefestivalprovidesinsightintotheimpactofappearanceonattractionandsocialbehavior.
AlltheWodaabe—butespeciallythemen—pridethemselvesontheirphysicalbeauty.Lightskin,thinlips,alongnoseandjawline.TheWodaabeconsiderthesetobetheidealfeatures,andtheyaccentuatethemwithcarefullyappliedmakeup.
WodaabeMan:
Ifamanputsblackcoloronhislips,itmakeshiswhiteteethstandout,andthisisveryattractivetowomen.Ifamanputsyellowonhisface,itbringsouthischarmandpersonalityandmakeshimirresistible.
Narrator:
Thefirstpartofthedance,knownastheyaake,beginsinthelateafternoon.Thedancersfacethesettingsunsoitsgoldenrayswillenhancetheirbeauty.
Theobjectoftheyaakeistomakeoneselfasirresistibleaspossibletothegroupofeligiblewomenwhoaremonitoringeverymoveandexpression.
Narrator:
Thethreemostbeautifulwomenoftheclanactasjudges.Theyexpresstheirapprovalofcertaindancersbyataponthechestwithoutmakingeyecontact.Itistabooforthemtolookdirectlyatthosetheyfindattractive.Theyaakeendsjustbeforesunset.Slowlythedancersdispersetoprepareforthenight’sfestivities.
Afterarestperiod,preparationsforthesecondpartofthedancebegin—thesacreddanceofphysicalbeautycalledthegeerewol.Unliketheyaake,inwhichthemenareevaluatedoncharmandpersonalityaswellaslooks,thegeerewoldancerswillbejudgedonthebasisofbeautyalone.Onlythemosthandsomemendaretocompete.
Narrator:
Normallythegeerewolwouldbedancedthroughoutthenight,butadroughthasshortenedthesupplyofdrinkingwater,sotheWodaabeelderscallahalttothedancingshortlybeforemidnight.Bythen,manyofthemembershavepairedup.Thewomenhavechosenthementheyfindmostattractiveandappealing.
Shortlyaftersunriseonthefinalnig
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 研究生 国际交流 英语 视听 听力 原文