大学英语课文原文.docx
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大学英语课文原文.docx
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大学英语课文原文
1]?
Thejoyoflaughingatafunnystoryisuniversal,probablyasoldaslanguageitself.?
But,whatisitthatmakesastoryorajokefunny?
[2]?
AsonewhohasenjoyedhumorsinceIfirstrecognizedit,I've?
madeanattemptto?
explainanddiscusshumorwithstudentsinsuchdiverseculturesasLatinAmericaandChina.?
I'vedonesomeseriousthinkingaboutfunnystories.Ithasbeenalaboroflove[N]!
[3]?
WhyisitthatseveralstudentsinaclasswillfalloutoftheirchairslaughingafterItellajokewhiletherestofthestudentslookasifI'vejustreadtheweatherreport?
[N]?
Obviouslysomepeoplearemoresensitivetohumorthanothers.?
And,werecognizethatsomepeopletelljokesverywellwhileothersstruggletosaysomethingfunny.?
We'veallheardpeoplesay,"Ilikejokes,butIcan'ttellonewell,andIcanneverrememberthem."?
Somepeoplehaveabettersenseofhumorthanothersjustassomepeoplehavemoremusicaltalent,mathematicaltalent,etc.thanothers.?
Atrulyfunnypersonhasajokeforeveryoccasion,andwhenoneistold,thattriggersanentire?
string?
ofjokesfromthatperson'smemorybank.[N]?
A?
humorless?
personisnotlikelytobethemostpopularpersoninagroup.?
Itisreasonabletosaythatthetruly?
humorous?
individualisnotonlywellliked,butisoftenthefocusofattentioninanygathering.[4]?
Evensomeanimalshaveasenseofhumor.?
Mywife'smotheroftenvisitedusforextendedstays.[N]?
Shenormallydidn'tlikedogs,butshe?
fellinlovewithBlitzen[N]—afemaleLab[N]?
wehad,andtherelationshipwas?
mutual.?
Evenwhenyoung,Blitzenwould?
tease?
Grandma?
byvery?
selectively?
carryingoneofherbedroomslippersintothelivingroomwhereGrandmasatinherfavorite,comfortablechair.?
Blitzen?
pranced?
just?
beyondthereachof?
GrandmauntilGrandmawas?
tempted?
toleaveherchairtogettheslipperfromBlitzen.?
WhenGrandmaleftherchair,Blitzenwouldquicklyjumpintothechair,?
flashing?
herLabsmile?
from?
sparkling?
browneyeswhichclearlysaid,"Aha,Ifooledyouagain."
[5]?
Typicaljokesorhumorousstorieshaveathree-part?
anatomy?
thatiseasilyrecognized.?
FirstistheSETUP(or?
setting),nextistheBODY(orstoryline),andthesearefollowedbythePUNCHLINE[N]?
(anunexpectedorsurpriseending)whichwillmakethejokefunnyifitcontainssomehumor.?
Usuallyallthreepartsarepresent,andeachmustbeclearlypresented[N].?
Ithelpsifthestory/joketellerusesgesturesandlanguagewhicharewellknowntotheaudience.
[6]?
Humor,asaformofentertainment,canbeanalyzedinordertodiscoverwhatmakesafunnystoryorjokeseemfunny.?
Here,forexample,aresomeofthemostcommontypesofhumor.Theyrangefromthemostobvioushumortothemoresubtletypes.
[7]?
"SLAP-STICK"isthemostobvioushumor.?
Itslanguageissimple,direct,andoftenmakesfunofanotherpersonorgroup.?
Slap-stickwasandisthetechniqueofthestand-upcomedian[N]?
andthe?
clown.?
Itappealstoallagesandallcultures.?
NearlyeveryEnglish-speaking?
comedian?
inthiscenturyhasusedthefollowingjokeinoneformoranother.?
Onemanasksanother,"WhowasthatladyIsawyouwithlastnight?
"?
Theotherreplies,"Thatwasnolady,thatwasmywife."Thehumorliesinthefactthatthesecondmanissayingthathiswifeisnotalady.Inotherwords,sheisnotarefinedwoman.?
Thejokeisnolessfunnybecauseitissooftenused.?
Theaudienceknowsinadvancewhatwillbesaid,becauseitisclassichumor,andanyaudiencevaluesitevenmorebecauseofits?
familiarity.
[8]?
Chinese"cross-talk"isaspecialtypeofslap-stickinwhichtwoChinesecomedianshumorouslydiscusstopicssuchas?
bureaucrats,familyproblems,orotherpersonaltopics.?
Cross-talkcanbeheardanywherefromsmallvillagestagestothelargestBeijingtheatres,andtoradioandtelevision.?
ItisclearlyatraditionalformofhumorwellunderstoodbyChinesepeople.
[9]?
APLAYONWORDSisnotsoobviousasslap-stick,butitisfunnybecauseof?
misused?
ormisunderstoodlanguage.?
MyfavoriteexampleisthestoryofthreeelderlygentlementravelingbytraininEngland.?
Asthetrainslowedforastopthefirstmanasked,"IsthisWembley[N]?
"?
"No,"saidthesecond,"It'sThursday."?
"SoamI,"saidthethirdman.?
"Let'sstopforabeer."?
Weknowthatolderpeopleoftendonothearthingsclearly,sothemisunderstandingofbothWednesday(forWembley)andthirsty(forThursday)makesanice?
setup?
forthepunchlinedeliveredbythethirdman.
[10]?
ThefamousChinese?
cartoonist?
and?
humorist?
DingCongisamasterofwordplay.?
Inoneofhisfunny?
cartoons,ateachersays,"Howcome[N]?
youcompletelycopiedsomebodyelse'shomework?
"?
Theyoungstudentreplies,"Ididn'tcompletelycopyit.Mynameonthepageisdifferent."?
InanotherclassicDingCongcartoon,an?
irritated?
fatherasks,"Tellme,what'soneplustwo?
"?
Thesonsays,"Idon'tknow."?
Theimpatientfatherthensays,"Forexample,you,yourmother,andIaltogetherarehowmany,you?
idiot?
"?
Thesonproudlyanswers,"Threeidiots."?
Whetherthesestoriesarecartoonsorjokes,toldbya?
slap-stickcomedianoracross-talkingteam,theyappealtopeopleeverywhereasfunnystoriesbecausetheyhaveanote[N]?
[N]?
ofrealitytothem,andtheunexpectedpunchlineisquitefunny.
[11]?
PUNS?
areevenmoresubtleformsofwordplay.?
Theyusethetechniqueofsimilarsoundingwordsoralternativemeaningsofthesameword.?
Punsarethoughtbysomecriticstobethelowestformofhumor,butIdisagreewiththis.Punsrequiremoresubtleandsophisticatedlanguageskillsthanmosthumorforms,buteventheveryyoungcanusethemintheirsimplerforms.?
Forexample,the"riddle"ortrickquestionoftenusesapuninthesetup,thestoryline,or,moreoften,thepunchline.?
PunsarethefirsttypeofhumorIlearned,andatabout5yearsofageIrememberhearingthefollowingriddle.?
Onepersonasks,"Whatisblackandwhiteandredallover?
"?
Theotherpersonusuallycannotanswertheriddle,sosays,"Igiveup.Whatistheanswer?
"?
The?
riddler?
replies,"Anewspaper."Thisistheobviousanswerifoneknowsthat"red"ispronouncedthesameas"read"inEnglish,butthemeaningsareclearlydifferent.
[12]?
DOUBLEENTENDRES?
(Frenchfordoublemeanings)arespecialvariationsofpunsinwhichwordsorphraseshavedoublemeanings.Frequentlythetwomeaningsareverydifferent,andoneisquiteproperwhilethesecondisoften,butnotalways,?
vulgar.?
Ilikethesomewhatmildstoryofaschoolteacheranda?
principal?
ofahighschoolwhoareconcernedbecausesomeboysandgirlshavebeenseenkissingontheschoolplayground.?
Theteachersaystothestudents,"TheprincipalandIhavedecidedtostopkissingontheschoolplayground."?
Hearingsome?
laughter,shesenseshermessagewasnotaltogetherclear,sosheadds,"WhatImeantosayisthattherewillbenomorekissinggoingonunderournoses[N]."?
This?
clarification,ofcourse,doesnothingtocorrectthefirststatementandthedoublemeaningofthejokebecomesevenmore?
laughable.?
[13]?
Someprofessionalhumoriststhinktoomuchoftoday'shumorisnotveryintelligentorsophisticated.?
Theydislikethe?
suggestive?
orvulgarlanguageusedtoofrequently,andtheyfeelthatmosthumoristsarenotverycreative.?
Itistruethatsomeoftoday'shumorisrathershocking,butIdon'tthinkhumoristobeblamed[N]?
forthat.?
Humorisalive[N]?
andwell,anditwillpersistsimplybecausetherearefunnythingshappeningeveryday.?
Somehumorouspeopleseeandhearthesefunnythingsandareabletomakethemintofunny,?
entertaining?
jokesandstories.?
(1,346words)
OnmyfirstjobassportseditorfortheMontpelier(Ohio)?
LeaderEnterprise,Ididn'tgetalotoffanmail,?
soIwas?
intrigued?
byaletterthatwasdroppedonmydeskonemorning.?
[2]?
WhenIopenedit,Iread:
"AnicepieceofwritingontheTigers.Keepupthegoodwork."?
ItwassignedbyDonWolfe,thesportseditor.?
BecauseIwasateenager(beingpaidthegrandtotalof15centsa?
column?
inch[N]),hiswordscouldn'thavebeenmore?
inspiring.?
[N]?
Ikepttheletterinmydeskdraweruntilitgot?
rag-eared.?
WheneverIdoubtedIhadtherightstufftobeawriter[N],Iwouldreread?
Don'snoteandfeelconfidentagain.?
[3]?
Later,whenIgottoknowhim,IlearnedthatDon?
madea?
habitof?
[N]writingaquick,encouragingword[N]?
topeopleinall?
walksoflife.?
"WhenImakeothersfeelgoodaboutthemselves,"hetoldme,"Ifeelgoodtoo."
[4]?
Notsurprisingly,hehadabodyoffriendsasbigas?
nearby?
LakeErie[N].Whenhediedlastyearat75,thepaperwasfloodedwithcallsandletters[N]?
frompeoplewhohadbeen?
recipients?
ofhis?
spirit-lifting?
words.?
[5]?
Overtheyears,I'vetriedtocopytheexampleofDonandotherfriendswhocareenoughtowriteupliftingcomments,becauseIthinkthey?
areontosomething?
important.?
Inaworldtoooftencoldand?
unresponsive,suchnotesbringwarmthandreassurance.?
Weallneedaboostfromtimetotime,andafewlinesofpraisehavebeenknowntoturnaroundaday[N],evenalife.?
[6]?
Why,then,aretheresofew?
upbeat?
notewriters?
?
Myguessisthatmanywho?
shyawayfrom?
thepracticearetooself-conscious[N].?
They'reafraidthey'llbemisunderstood,sound?
sentimental?
or?
insincere.?
Also,writingtakestime;it'sfareasiertopickupthephone.?
[7]?
The?
drawback?
withphonecalls,ofcourse,isthattheydon'tlast.?
Anoteattaches[N]?
more?
importanceto?
our?
well-wishing.?
Itisamatterofrecord[N],andourwordscanbereadmorethanonce,?
savored?
andtreasured.?
[8]?
Eventhoughnotewritingmaytakelonger,someprettybusypeopledoit,includingGeorgeBush.?
Somesayheowes[N]?
muchofhissuccessinpoliticstohisever-ready[N]?
pen.How?
?
Throughouthiscareerhehas?
followedup?
virtuallyeverycontactwitha?
cordial?
response—acompliment,alineofpraiseoranod
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