考研英语大纲变动一览表新增词汇附中文释义.docx
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考研英语大纲变动一览表新增词汇附中文释义.docx
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考研英语大纲变动一览表新增词汇附中文释义
2021考研英语大纲变动一讎
第一部分附录1词汇表
1.新増词汇
顺序
新増
音标
释义
a
afteimath
/'«ft91111266/
后果;余波
aggregate
/'jegngat/
合计;集合体
albeit
/3:
rbi:
it/
虽然,尽管
algorithm
/'aslg^ndsm/
算法,运算法则
align
/s'lain/
使结盟;使成一行
archive
/'a:
rkan7
档案馆;档案文件
arena
brim/
舞台;竞技场
artifact
/'a:
rtif?
ekt/
人工制品,手工艺品
b
beaiiiig
/'beng/
轴承;关系
bolster
/'boDlstsr/
长枕,垫枕
brevity
/'brewti/
简洁,简短
c
check
/tfek/
检查,核对
conciuTent
/ksn'ksiront/
并发的;一致的
configuration
/k9n(figj9'rei|h/
配置;结构
contingent
/ksn'tn^snt/
偶然(发生)的
convene
/k9n'vi:
n/
召集,集合
coronavirus
/k9roun9\ran*9s/
冠状病毒
coiporate
/'ko:
ipar9t/
法人的;共同的,全体的
culminate
/'kAlmmeit/
到绝顶;达到高潮
cumulative
/'Iqu:
mj91eitn7
累积的
d
duanting
/'do:
ntig/
使人畏缩的;使人气馁的
demographic
/tdems'grasftk/
人口结构的;人口统计的
deplete
/di'pli:
t/
耗尽,用尽
deploy
/di'pbi/
配置;展开
deter
/di't3:
r/
制止,阻止
directly
/ds'rektli,dai'rektli/
直接地;立即
discrete
/di'skri:
”
离散的,不连续的
discretion
/di'skiefn/
自由裁量权;谨慎
dione
/droDn/
嗡嗡声
dual
/'du:
91/
双的;双重的
e
elicit
/I'llSlt/
引出;探出
empathy
/'empaSi/
同感;共鸣
enquiry/inquiiy
/'mkw9n,m'kwaisri''
调查;查究
epic
/'epik/
叙事诗;史诗
equity
/'ekwati/
(公司的)股本;资产净值
erode
/iroud/
侵蚀;腐蚀
f
facet
/'fassit/
(事物的)部分,方面
g
gadget
/gjedjit/
小器具;小装置
i
icon
/aika:
n/
图标;图符
imminent
/'munsnt/
即将发生的;临近的
inflict
/m'flikt/
使遭受打击;使吃苦头
influenza
/mflu'enza/
流感
invoke
/mvouk/
援引,援用
j
jmisdiction
/d3unsdik|h/
司法权;审判权
1
lawsuit
/'b:
su:
t/
诉讼;起诉
lucrative
/'lu:
ki'9tn•/
赚大钱的;获利多的
m
mandate
/'msendeit/
授权;命令
media
/'mi:
dia/
媒体
mediate
/mi:
dieit/
调停;调解
mentor
/'mentox/
导师;顾问
0
overt
/ou'v3:
rt,'ouv3:
rt/
公开的;明显的
p
paradigm
/'pjeradaim/
典范;范例
plagiarism
/'pleid^snzam/
抄袭;剽窃
policewoman
/p91i:
swDman/
女警察
protocol
/'proutaka:
l/
协议;草案
propagate
/'pra:
p9geit/
传播;宣传
proximate
/'pra:
ksim9t/
近似的;最近的
q
quarantine
/'kwo:
r9nti:
n/
(为防传染的)隔离期;检疫
queiy
/'kwiri/
疑问;询问
r
resilient
/n'zilisnt/
迅速恢复的;有适应力的
rhetoric
/'retsrik/
华而不实的言语;花言巧语
s
sibling
/'siblig/
兄;弟;姐;妹
situate
/'sitjueit/
使位于;使坐落于
slump
/sLunp/
(价格、数量等)骤降,猛跌
stagnate
/'st«gneit/
停滞;不发展
stance
/st«ns/
立场;姿态
stipulate
/'stipjuleit/
规定;明确要求
surveillance
/ssirveibns/
监督;监视
t
tangible
/'tjend3sbl/
有形的;实际的
temporal
/'tempsrsl/
暂时的;当时的
transition
/tnen'zi|h,ti?
en'si|h/
过渡;转变
U
usually
/'jii:
3U91i,'ju:
3oli/
通常地;正常地
V
variance
/'verisns,'virions/
变化幅度;差額
venue
/'venju:
/
聚会地点;举行场所
viable
/'vaiabl/
可实施的;切实可行的
volatile
/'va:
btV
易变的;无定性的
W
warranty
/'woirsnti/
保证;担保
wary
/•weri/
小心的,谨慎的
whereby
/wer'bai/
凭此;借以
worker
/'w3:
rknr/
工作者;人员
workout
/'w3:
rkaut/
锻炼
2.变动词汇
顺序
2020大纲
2021大纲
a
aesthetic/esthetic
(a)esthetic
air-conditioniiig
aii'conditioning
almninium/ahunimun
almnin(i)um
amid
amid(st)
analog(u)e
analog(ue)
analyse/analyze
analyse/-yze
anybody
anybody/anyone
anyway=anyhow
anyway
anyhow
apologise/apologize
apologise/-ize
appal/appall
appal
(1)
autumn
autunm/fall
ax/axe
ax(e)
b
bible
Bible
bacterium(0/.[bacteria)
bacteria
behaviour/behavior
behavio(u)r
bypass/by-pass
bypass
c
cafe
cafe/cafe
catalogue/catalogue
catalog(ue)
centigiade
centigi'ade/Celsius
centimetre/centimeter
centimetre/-ter
centie/center
centie/-ter
chaiiman
chairman/chaiiwoman/chaiiperson
characterise/characterize
characterise/-ize
child([p/.]childi'en)
child
cigaret/cigarette
cigaret(te)
chdlisation/chilization
chilisationZ-zation
civilise/chdlize
civilisc/-ize
colour/color
colo(u)r
connexion/connection
connection/-xion
cosy
cosy/-zy
crisis([p/.]crises)
crisis
criterion([p/.]criteria)
criterion
criticise/criticize
criticise/-ize
curriculum(0/.]curricula)
ciuiiculum
d
defence/defense
defense/-ce
dialogue/dialog
dialog(ue)
distill
distil
(1)
e
emphasise/emphasize
emphasise/-ize
encyclopaedia/encyclopedia
encyclop(a)edia
endeavour/endeavor
endeavo(u)r
enroll/enrol
enrol
(1)
f
fdvour/fhvor
fhvo(u)r
favourable/favorable
fhvo(u)rable
favourite/fa\*orite
favo(u)rite
feitilisei'/fertilizer
fertilisei7-zei'
fibre/fiber
fibre/-ber
flavour/flavor
flavo(u)r
foot(|)>/.]feet)
foot
fbnnula{[pl.]fbnnulae)
fbnnula
fiilfil/fiilfiU
fulfil
(1)
g
generalise/generalize
generalise/-ize
glamow/glamor
glamo(u)r
goodby/goodbye
goodbye
goose([pl.]geese)
goose
gramme/gram
gram(me)
h
hamburge
hamburger/bwgei'
harbour/harbor
harbo(u)r
hero
hero/heioin
heroin
honour/honor
hono(u)r
honourable/honorable
hono(u)rable
host
host/hostess
hostess
humom'/humor
humo(u)r
humorous
humo(u)rous
i
ice-cream
icecream
index([p/.]indexes,indices
index
industrialise/industiialize
industrialise/-ize
instal/install
instal
(1)
installment
instal
(1)ment
Internet
Internet/internet
j
jewelleiy/jeweleiy
jewel(le)iy
judgement/judgment
judg(e)ment
k
kilo/kilogi"amme/kilogi-am
kilogiam(me)/kilo
kilometre/kilometei,
kilometre/-tei*
1
labour/labor
labo(u)r
licence/license
license/-ce
liti-e/litei-
litre/-ter
Kving-ioom
livingroom
m
madame/madam
madam
marvellous/arvelous
marvel
(1)ous
maths/math/mathematics
mathematics/math(s)
medium([p/.]media)
medium
memo
memorandum/memo
memorandum
meti*e/meter
metre/-ter
millimetre/millimeter
millimetre/-ter
minimise/minimize
minimise/-ize
mobilise/mobilize
mobilise/-ize
modemisation/modeniization
modernisation/-zation
mould/mold
mo(u)Id
mouse([p/.]mice)
mouse
n
neighbour/neighbor
neighbo(u)r
neighbourhood/eighborhood
neighbo(u)rhood
nonnalisation/noimalization
nonnalisation/-zation
nucleus([/?
/.]nuclei)
nucleus
0
odoui/odor
odo(u)r
often
often/oftentimes
okay/O.K./OK
okay/OK
organisation/organization
organisation/-zation
organise/organize
organise/-ize
ought
oughtto
owing
owingto
p
paralyse/paralyze
paralyse/-yze
peti*ol
petiol/gasoline/gasolene
postman
postman/mailman
practise
practise/-ice
practice
progi'amine/progiame
program(me)
proceeding
proceedings
r
raikoad
railway/railroad
railway
realise/realize
realise/-ize
recognise/recognize
recognise/-ize
reflexion/reflection
reflection/-xion
resume
resume/resume
inmour/rumor
mmo(u)r
s
salesman
salesman/saleswoman/salesperson
skeptical
sceptical/skeptical
skillful/skilfiil
skil⑴ful
specialise/specialize
specialise/-ize
spokesman
spokesman/spokeswoman/spokesperson
sportsman
sportsman/sportswoman
static(al)
static
steward
steward(ess)
storey/stoiy
stor(e)y
suminarise/summaiize
siunmarise/-ize
syinpathise/sympathize
syinpathise/-ize
systematic(al)
systematic
t
tactic(s)
tactic
teclinology
teclinology/tech
telephone
telephone/phone
theatre/theater
theatre/-ter
thesis([p/.]theses)
thesis
tooth([p/.]teeth)
tooth
trolly/trolley
trolley
u
utilise/utilize
utilise/-ize
V
vapour/vapor
vapo(u)r
w
waggon/wagon
wag(g)on
waiter
waiter/waitress
waitiess
while
wliile/whilst
whisky/whiskey
whisk(e)y
y
yowself([pl.]yourselves)
yourself
yourselves
3.删减词汇
顺序
删减
a
acrobat
adjoin
amplifier
b
bosom
brim
brittle
brook
c
caress
d
daunt
defendant
disgiace
f
fell
fitting
g
gasolene/gasoline
gallop
h
higliland
i
inlet
inquiiy/enquiry
1
loudspeaker
m
moss
mutton
n
Negio
0
overpass
p
pail
phone
piston
prick
q
quartz
quench
r
rain
rainbow
rotary
ruby
s
seaside
sham
shopkeeper
slit
snowstorm
t
tar
telegiam
telescope
tramp
u
uproar
w
weld
wreath
z
zinc
第二部分附录2常用的前塩和后缀
1•新増
度号
具体内容
1
a-:
notorwithout;inaparticularconditionorwaytypically—atypicallywake—awake
2
ante-:
beforeorearlier;infi*ontofdate—antedateroom—anteroom
3
cyber-:
relatingtocomputers,theInternet,andvirtualreality
crimeybercrime
4
down-:
lowerinposition,amount,quality,orimportanceriver—downriver
size_downsize
5
e-:
electronic,onorusingtheInternetcommerce_-commerce
6
eco-:
connectedwiththeenvironmentdisaster_co-disaster
7
hemi-:
half
sphere—hemisphere
8
hyper-:
morethanusualtension—hypertension
9
hypo-:
lessthanusualtension—hypotension
10
meta-:
beyond,higheranalysis—meta-analysis
11
milli-:
onethousandthpai!
ofmeter―millimeter
12
neo-:
neworrecent,orinamodemformclassicism—neoclassicism
13
off^:
notonorawayfromstage—offstage
14
oft-:
often
quotedoft-quoted
15
omni-:
all,completelypresent—mnipresent
16
pan-:
includingorrelatingtoallpartsormembersAfrican—pan-Afiican
17
paia-:
beyond;similartobutnotofficialornotfullyqualifiednonnal—paranormalmedic—paramedic
18
retro-:
backorbackwardsactive—retroactive
19
up-:
atortowardsthehigherorbetterpart;movedorchangedcompletelymaiket—upmarket
end_upend
20
-ing
surf—surfing
21
-let
book_bookletdropdroplet
22
-y
inquire—inquiryorthodoxrthodoxy
23
-ed
talent—talented
badtemperbad-tempered
24
-esquepicture_picturesqueRoman—Romanesque
25
-friendly
user—user-friendlyenviionment—environment-friendly
2•变动
度号
2020大纲
2021大纲
1
aero-:
concerningtheairoraiicraftplane—aeroplanespace—aerospace
aero-:
concerningtheaii*oraircraftdynamic—aerodynamicspace—aerospace
2
anti-:
against;oppositeof;nuclear-antinuclearmatter-antimatterwar-antiwar
anti-:
opposedto;theoppositeof;preventing
poverty—anti-povertyclimax—anticlunaxtheft—antitlieft
3
auto-:
oforbyyourselfbiography—autobiographycriticism-autocriticism
auto-:
oforbyyourself;workingbyitselfbiography—autobiographypilot—autopilot
4
be-:
totreatasthestatedthingfriend-befiiendlittle—belittle
be-:
treatas;wearingorcoveredwithlittle_belittle
jewel―bejewelled
5
bi-:
two;twice
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