金相热处理实验报告.docx
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金相热处理实验报告.docx
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金相热处理实验报告
金相热处理实验报告
学生综合实验报告
实验类别:
金相热处理实验
院别:
机电学院
专业:
机械电子工程(师范)
班级:
10机电师
姓名:
学号:
指导教师:
二0一二年六月一日
electricityatnocost,revenuefromelectricitysales.Povertyalleviationtotheremoval,todesperatefarmersoutofpoverty,inconjunctionwithurbanization,newcommunitiesarecentrallyplaced.Povertyintheenterprise,enterprisemorepowerful,moresocialresponsibility,theyshouldallowmorepeopletoenjoythefruitsofdevelopment.ConditionstoencourageprivateenterprisestoestablishCharityFundforpovertyalleviation,employment,grants,financialaidandotherformsofpovertyalleviationactivities,letpovertyalleviationaidcorporatesocialresponsibilityinthespecificembodiment,thepropermeaningofgivingbacktothecommunity.Finallyrevealstoimplementpovertyalleviationpolicies,olderage,incapacity,cannotbeachievedthroughindustrysupportandemploymentsupport,suchaspoverty,childrenandunabletosupportthepoor,Lo-Fipolicyrevealstheroletoplay,eventuallyincorporatedintothelowrange,andfundamentallysolvetheproblemofpoverty.(C)establishingandperfectingretreatmechanism.Povertyalleviationisadynamicproject,wemuststrengthenthefarmers'informationmanagement,dynamicmanagementofpoor,really"poor"noplacetohide,"poverty"atimelyexit,"poor"and"returntothepoor"getmaximumsupportandhelp.Tobuilduptheinformationnetworksystemofthepoor,povertythebasicinformationanddynamicentrytothesystem,toimplementdynamicmanagement.Accordingtopro-poordevelopment,timelyadjustmenton
广东技术师范学院综合实验报告
班级:
10机电师姓名:
学号:
成绩:
实验名称:
金相热处理实验单位:
金相热处理实验室实验地点:
教学楼313实验时间:
2012年5月28日至2012年6月1日共1周指导教师签名:
一、实验目的与任务
1、实验目的
为了加深学生对课堂所学理论的理解和掌握,达到根据零件的工作条件正确选择材料及正确制定实施热处理工艺的目的,学校特安排了本次综合实践。
通过实践来验证我们的课堂的理论知识,加深理解、理论联系实际,而且也可以培养我们观察问题、发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力。
让我们都能操作金属材料热处理的全过程,并独立制作出合格的金相组织试样,丰富我们的专业实践知识。
2、实验任务
1)根据零件的工作条件选择零件材料及制定正确的热处理工艺;
2)选择毛坯的种类、选择成型的方法、绘制出毛坯图;
3)制定工艺方案及拟定工艺路线;
4)制定正确的热处理工艺,掌握主要热处理工种(如:
正火、淬火、
回火)的基本操作技能,正确地使用热处理工种的主要设备,独
立地完成简单零件的热处理工作;
5)通过热处理的质量分析,能初步地运用在《工程材料与热处理》
中已学到的基本知识去分析和解决生产中的实际问题;electricityatnocost,revenuefromelectricitysales.Povertyalleviationtotheremoval,todesperatefarmersoutofpoverty,inconjunctionwithurbanization,newcommunitiesarecentrallyplaced.Povertyintheenterprise,enterprisemorepowerful,moresocialresponsibility,theyshouldallowmorepeopletoenjoythefruitsofdevelopment.ConditionstoencourageprivateenterprisestoestablishCharityFundforpovertyalleviation,employment,grants,financialaidandotherformsofpovertyalleviationactivities,letpovertyalleviationaidcorporatesocialresponsibilityinthespecificembodiment,thepropermeaningofgivingbacktothecommunity.Finallyrevealstoimplementpovertyalleviationpolicies,olderage,incapacity,cannotbeachievedthroughindustrysupportandemploymentsupport,suchaspoverty,childrenandunabletosupportthepoor,Lo-Fipolicyrevealstheroletoplay,eventuallyincorporatedintothelowrange,andfundamentallysolvetheproblemofpoverty.(C)establishingandperfectingretreatmechanism.Povertyalleviationisadynamicproject,wemuststrengthenthefarmers'informationmanagement,dynamicmanagementofpoor,really"poor"noplacetohide,"poverty"atimelyexit,"poor"and"returntothepoor"getmaximumsupportandhelp.Tobuilduptheinformationnetworksystemofthepoor,povertythebasicinformationanddynamicentrytothesystem,toimplementdynamicmanagement.Accordingtopro-poordevelopment,timelyadjustmenton
6)能正确使用洛氏硬度计和金相显微镜,通过电脑屏幕图象的分
析、了解和掌握金属材料金相组织分析的全过程和方法,初步掌
握金相试样的制作方法和检验技术。
二、实验内容(Cr12MoV)
1、预习报告
1)零件的工作条件
Cr12MoV具有高淬透性,在300-400摄氏度时仍能保持良好的硬度和耐磨性。
淬火大于60HRC,1000-1050摄氏度;回火,180-300摄氏度。
2)零件失效形式(淬火断裂)
a.材料内部缺陷
b.升温过快、预热不足、温度过高、冷却过快
c.淬火后未及时回火
3)相关共工艺路线如下
2、制定热处理工艺路线
下料—?
锻造—?
球化退火—?
机械加工—?
去应力退火—?
淬火—?
回火—?
磨模面。
3、具体操作步骤
1)正火
a.加热温度:
electricityatnocost,revenuefromelectricitysales.Povertyalleviationtotheremoval,todesperatefarmersoutofpoverty,inconjunctionwithurbanization,newcommunitiesarecentrallyplaced.Povertyintheenterprise,enterprisemorepowerful,moresocialresponsibility,theyshouldallowmorepeopletoenjoythefruitsofdevelopment.ConditionstoencourageprivateenterprisestoestablishCharityFundforpovertyalleviation,employment,grants,financialaidandotherformsofpovertyalleviationactivities,letpovertyalleviationaidcorporatesocialresponsibilityinthespecificembodiment,thepropermeaningofgivingbacktothecommunity.Finallyrevealstoimplementpovertyalleviationpolicies,olderage,incapacity,cannotbeachievedthroughindustrysupportandemploymentsupport,suchaspoverty,childrenandunabletosupportthepoor,Lo-Fipolicyrevealstheroletoplay,eventuallyincorporatedintothelowrange,andfundamentallysolvetheproblemofpoverty.(C)establishingandperfectingretreatmechanism.Povertyalleviationisadynamicproject,wemuststrengthenthefarmers'informationmanagement,dynamicmanagementofpoor,really"poor"noplacetohide,"poverty"atimelyexit,"poor"and"returntothepoor"getmaximumsupportandhelp.Tobuilduptheinformationnetworksystemofthepoor,povertythebasicinformationanddynamicentrytothesystem,toimplementdynamicmanagement.Accordingtopro-poordevelopment,timelyadjustmenton
Ac3或Accm以上30,50?
。
但在实际生产中,除共析钢和过共析钢外,一般都高于这个温度。
b.保温时间:
大致与完全退火相同。
但当加热温度较高时,保温时间可予缩短。
c.实验步骤:
领取工件——砂纸磨——水磨——测硬度(见表一)——5张金相砂纸磨——抛光——水洗——酒精洗——吹干——腐蚀——显微镜观察——拍照
d.实验结果:
2)淬火
a.加热温度:
Ac3或Ac1以上30,50?
。
但在实际生产中,淬火温度往往超过上述范围。
碳钢淬火多按Ac3或Ac1以上30,70?
进行。
合金钢的淬火温electricityatnocost,revenuefromelectricitysales.Povertyalleviationtotheremoval,todesperatefarmersoutofpoverty,inconjunctionwithurbanization,newcommunitiesarecentrallyplaced.Povertyintheenterprise,enterprisemorepowerful,moresocialresponsibility,theyshouldallowmorepeopletoenjoythefruitsofdevelopment.ConditionstoencourageprivateenterprisestoestablishCharityFundforpovertyalleviation,employment,grants,financialaidandotherformsofpovertyalleviationactivities,letpovertyalleviationaidcorporatesocialresponsibilityinthespecificembodiment,thepropermeaningofgivingbacktothecommunity.Finallyrevealstoimplementpovertyalleviationpolicies,olderage,incapacity,cannotbeachievedthroughindustrysupportandemploymentsupport,suchaspoverty,childrenandunabletosupportthepoor,Lo-Fipolicyrevealstheroletoplay,eventuallyincorporatedintothelowrange,andfundamentallysolvetheproblemofpoverty.(C)establishingandperfectingretreatmechanism.Povertyalleviationisadynamicproject,wemuststrengthenthefarmers'informationmanagement,dynamicmanagementofpoor,really"poor"noplacetohide,"poverty"atimelyexit,"poor"and"returntothepoor"getmaximumsupportandhelp.Tobuilduptheinformationnetworksystemofthepoor,povertythebasicinformationanddynamicentrytothesystem,toimplementdynamicmanagement.Accordingtopro-poordevelopment,timelyadjustmenton
度一般也是根据其临界点选定,但淬火温度可取上限或更高一些,我们取1020?
。
b.保温时间:
按经验公式估算:
t,αKD。
其中:
t——加热时间(分);
α——加热系数(分/毫米),用中温箱式电炉时,碳钢α,1.0,1.5;合金钢α,1.2,1.8;
K——工件装炉时的间隙系数,实验室条件下可取K,1.2,2.0;D——工件的有效厚度(毫米)。
根据工件,保温时间取为30分钟。
c.实验步骤:
将工件放入1020?
烘炉保温30分钟——取出工件油冷——水磨——测硬度(见表一)——5张金相砂纸磨——抛光——水洗——酒精洗——吹干——腐蚀——显微镜观察——拍照
d.实验结果:
electricityatnocost,revenuefromelectricitysales.Povertyalleviationtotheremoval,todesperatefarmersoutofpoverty,inconjunctionwithurbanization,newcommunitiesarecentrallyplaced.Povertyintheenterprise,enterprisemorepowerful,moresocialresponsibility,theyshouldallowmorepeopletoenjoythefruitsofdevelopment.ConditionstoencourageprivateenterprisestoestablishCharityFundforpovertyalleviation,employment,grants,financialaidandotherformsofpovertyalleviationactivities,letpovertyalleviationaidcorporatesocialresponsibilityinthespecificembodiment,thepropermeaningofgivingbacktothecommunity.Finallyrevealstoimplementpovertyalleviationpolicies,olderage,incapacity,cannotbeachievedthroughindustrysupportandemploymentsupport,suchaspoverty,childrenandunabletosupportthepoor,Lo-Fipolicyrevealstheroletoplay,eventuallyincorporatedintothelowrange,andfundamentallysolvetheproblemofpoverty.(C)establishingandperfectingretreatmechanism.Povertyalleviationisadynamicproject,wemuststrengthenthefarmers'informationmanagement,dynamicmanagementofpoor,really"poor"noplacetohide,"poverty"atimelyexit,"poor"and"returntothepoor"getmaximumsupportandhelp.Tobuilduptheinformationnetworksystemofthepoor,povertythebasicinformationanddynamicentrytothesystem,toimplementdynamicmanagement.Accordingtopro-poordevelopment,timelyadjustmenton
3)回火
a.加热温度:
查资料或按经验公式确定。
回火温度(?
),200,11×(60,H)=200,11×(60,55)=255其中:
H——要求工件具有的硬度值(HRC值)。
工件加热温度为250?
。
b.保温时间:
常按经验公式估算:
t,αD,b。
其中:
t——加热时间(分);
α——加热系数(分/毫米),用中温箱式电炉时,取α,2,2.5;b——时间基数,一般为:
10,20分钟;
D——工件有效厚度(毫米)。
保温时间为40分钟。
c.实验步骤:
electricityatnocost,revenuefromelectricitysales.Povertyalleviationtotheremoval,todesperatefarmersoutofpoverty,inconjunctionwithurbanization,newcommunitiesarecentrallyplaced.Povertyintheenterprise,enterprisemorepowerful,moresocialresponsibility,theyshouldallowmorepeopletoenjoythefruitsofdevelopment.ConditionstoencourageprivateenterprisestoestablishCharityFundforpovertyalleviation,employment,grants,financialaidandotherformsofpovertyalleviationactivities,letpoverty
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