高考英语阅读理解综合经典题附答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解综合经典题附答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解综合经典题附答案
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
StandingdeskshavebecomecommonacrossSiliconValley,offeringhealthbenefitstothosewillingtoworkontheirfeet.However,duetotheirhighprice,theyhavefailedtocatchonuntilnow.Recently,IkeahasbroughtoutBekantconvertible(可变换的)standingdeskthatcanbecomeanormaldeskatthetouchofabutton.The$500adjustabledeskcantransformfromastandarddesktoastandingone,andIkeahopesitcouldmakethestandingdeskmainstream.
Expertssaythatchangingfromaseatedtoastandingdeskcanimproveproductivity.SimilardeskshavebecomeacommonsightattechfirmssuchasGoogle,wheresomeemployeeshaveeveninstalledtreadmill(跑步机)andbicycledesks.
Thedeskisnotthefirst"convertible"onthemarket.Asearlyas2013,StirKinectbroughtoutanadjustabledesk.The$3,890StirKinectdeskhasamotortoraiseandloweritself,changingitintoastandingdeskoratraditionaldesk.Thedeskcanevenbeprogrammedtomoveupanddownslightly,makingitappeartotakeagentlebreathtoremindtheusertochangetheirpositions.Tomovebetweensittingandstandingpositions,ownerssimplydoubletaponthescreen.Thedeskcanlearntheuser'spreferencesovertimeandsuggestthebestseatingposition.
TheStirKinectdeskwascreatedbyateamofex-AppleandDisneyengineers.Ithasabuilt-intouchscreentocontrolandtrackmovement,andcantellusersexactlyhowmanycaloriestheyburnbystandingduringtheirworkingday.ItalsohasdevicescontainingpowerpointsandUSBportsforchargingphones,tokeepcableshidden.
"Ikea'sheight-adjustabledeskisgreatforopeningupthelowerendofthemarket,"saidJPLabrosse,founderandCEOofStir.
(1)Whatisthetextmainlyabout?
A. Ikeahasbroughtoutanadjustablestandingdesk.
B. SiliconValleyofferedhealthbenefitstoofficials.
C. Googleformedtheirtechfirmstodesignbicycledesks.
D. TheStirKinectdeskwillbecomemainstreaminthemarket.
(2)WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothetext?
A. BeforeBekantdesk,similaradjustabledeskshavebeenwidelyused.
B. Theseateddeskswilltaketheplaceofthestandingdesksinthefuture.
C. ComparedtotheStirKinectdesk,theBekantdeskismuchcheaper.
D. TheadjustabledesksweredesignedbytheAppleandDisneyCompany.
(3)TheStirKinectdesk______.
A. canbreatheinandbreatheoutbypressingthebuttononce
B. canchargephonesbyusingadevicecontainingpowerpoint
C. cantellyouhowmanycaloriesyouneedforawalk
D. canadviseyoutodomoreexerciseatapropertime
(4)WhatcanweinferfromthelastsentencegivenbyJPLabrosse?
A. Ikea'sadjustabledeskwillbepopularwithaveragepeople.
B. Ikeawillhavetosellfurnitureatalowerpriceinthefuture.
C. ThisheightadjustabletablecanonlybefoundinIkea.
D. ItisnotnecessaryforIkeatoopenupthemarketatall.
【答案】
(1)A
(2)C
(3)B
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,站立式办公桌在美国硅谷已经比较常见,宜家近日推出了一款名为BEKANT的可调节的站立式办公桌,这种桌子对愿意站立式工作的人健康有益。
(1)考查主旨大意。
根据第一段可知,站立式办公桌在美国硅谷已经比较常见,对愿意站立式工作的人健康有益。
宜家近日推出了一款名为BEKANT的可调节的站立式办公桌,使用者只需按一下按钮便可将其从普通高度调节至站立式高度。
宜家希望这款办公桌占领市场,成为主流,故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第一段可知“Bekantconvertiblestandingdesk”售价为$500;而第三段中是StirKinectdesk售价为$3,890,故选C。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的"ItalsohasdevicescontainingpowerpointsandUSBportsforchargingphones,tokeepcableshidden."StirKinect还设置了充电接口以及USB接口,可用于手机充电,故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Ikea'sheight-adjustabledeskisgreatforopeningupthelowerendofthemarket,”宜家的可调节办公桌有助于打开低端市场,故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇新闻报道,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
AscienceteacherfromruralKenyawhogivesawaymostofhissalarytohelppoorerstudentshasbeenawardedtheworld'sbestteacherand$1million,beating10,000nominationsfrom179countries.PeterTabichi,36,amathsandphysicsteacheratKerikosecondaryschoolinPwaniVillage,haswontheVarkeyFoundationGlobalTeacherPrize2019.
Tabichigivesaway80%ofhisincometohelpthepooreststudentsatthepoorly-equippedandovercrowdedschoolwhocouldnototherwiseafforduniformsandbooks.Morethan90%ofhisstudentsarefrompoorfamiliesandalmostathirdareorphansorhaveonlyoneparent.Drugabuse,teenagepregnancies,leavingofftheirstudies,youngmarriagesandsuicidearecommon.Studentshavetowalk7kmalongroadsthatcanbecomeimpassableintherainyseasontoreachtheschoolandtheareacanbeaffectedbydroughtandstarvation.
Despiteonlyhavingonecomputer,apoorInternetconnectionandastudent-teacherratioof58:
1,Tabichistarteda"talentnurturingclub"andexpandedtheschool'sscienceclub,helpingstudentsdesignresearchprojectsofsuchqualitythatmanynowqualifyfornationalcompetitions.
HisstudentshavetakenpartininternationalsciencecompetitionsandwonanawardfromtheRoyalSocietyofChemistryafterusinglocalplantlifetogenerateelectricity.Tabichiandfourcolleaguesalsogivestrugglingstudentsone-to-onetuitioninmathsandscience,visitingstudents'homesandmeetingtheirfamiliestoidentifythechallengestheyface.
Acceptingtheprize,TabichisaidAfrica'syoungpeoplewouldnolongerbeheldbackbylowexpectations."Africawillproducescientists,engineersandentrepreneurswhosenameswillbeonedayfamousineverycorneroftheworld."hesaid.
(1)WhatmadePeterTabichiwintheprizein2019?
A. Givingaway$1milliontoeducation.
B. Teachinginsecondaryschoolsfor36years.
C. FightingdroughtandstarvationinAfrica. D. HelpingthepoorerstudentsinruralKenya.
(2)WhydidTabichistartthe"talentnurturingclub"?
A. Tocontributemostofhisincome.
B. Toexpandnationalcompetitions.
C. Toguidestudentstodesignresearchprojects.
D. Toencouragestudentstograspopportunities.
(3)WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPeterTabichiasateacher?
A. Independent.
B. Caring.
C. Humorous.
D. Interesting.
(4)Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?
A. Africaneducationcostisexpectedtogetlower.
B. Africaisindesperateneedofyoungscientists.
C. Tabichiisnotpleaseduntilheisknownworldwide.
D. TabichihashighexpectationsforyoungAfricans.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)C
(3)B
(4)D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道,肯尼亚农村教师彼得·塔比奇由于资助贫困学生获得了世界最佳教师奖。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“AscienceteacherfromruralKenyawhogivesawaymostofhissalarytohelppoorerstudentshasbeenawardedtheworld'sbestteacherand$1million,beating10,000nominationsfrom179countries.”一名来自肯尼亚农村的科学教师获得了世界最佳教师奖,并获得了100万美元的奖金,他将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学生。
可推知,助肯尼亚农村贫困学生让彼得·塔比奇赢得了2019年世界最佳教师奖。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Despiteonlyhavingonecomputer,apoorInternetconnectionandastudent-teacherratioof58:
1,Tabichistarteda‘talentnurturingclub’andexpandedtheschool'sscienceclub,helpingstudentsdesignresearchprojectsofsuchqualitythatmanynowqualifyfornationalcompetitions.”尽管只有一台电脑,网络连接不畅,师生比例为58:
1,但他还是创办了一个“人才培养俱乐部”,并扩大了学校的科学俱乐部,帮助学生设计出质量如此之高的研究项目,现在许多学生都有资格参加全国性的竞赛)可知,他创办“人才培养俱乐部”,是为了帮助学生设计一些研究项目。
故选C。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“AscienceteacherfromruralKenyawhogivesawaymostofhissalarytohelppoorerstudentshasbeenawardedtheworld'sbestteacherand$1million,beating10,000nominationsfrom179countries.”一名来自肯尼亚农村的科学教师获得了世界最佳教师奖,并获得了100万美元的奖金,他将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学生;及第二段中的“Tabichigivesaway80%ofhisincometohelpthepooreststudentsatthepoorly-equippedandovercrowdedschoolwhocouldnototherwiseafforduniformsandbooks.”塔比奇把他80%的收入捐给了设备简陋、人满为患的学校,帮助那些买不起校服和书籍的最贫困学生。
可知,塔比奇将自己的大部分工资捐给了贫困学校和学生。
由此可知,塔比奇是一个非常有爱心的好老师。
故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Africawillproducescientists,engineersandentrepreneurswhosenameswillbeonedayfamousineverycorneroftheworld.”他说“非洲将培养出科学家、工程师和企业家,他们的名字总有一天会在世界各地家喻户晓。
可推知,塔比奇对非洲年轻人充满了很高的期望。
故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇新闻报道。
考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Duringyourfouryearsinthecollege,you'llhavemanyexcitingchoicestomake,thefirstofwhichwillbeyourcourseselectionforyourfirstsemester.Thebeautyofthischoiceisthatyoucan'tgowrong!
NomatterwhichoneofourFirst-YearOptionsyouselecttoapplyfor,youwillcreatearichintellectualexperiencetobeginyourcollegecareer.
Option1:
LiberalArtsSeminar
TheLiberalArtsSeminarisamultidisciplinary(多学科的)coursethatexplorestheculturalhistoryoftheMediterraneanthroughfictionalandnonfictionalbooks.
Fallschedule:
WhenRegistrationopens,youwillselectbetweenoneandfouradditionalcoursestocompleteyourschedule.
Option2:
FLLHagerScholarsProgram
TheFLLHagerScholarsProgramisdesignedwithourmostambitiousstudentsoflanguagesandlinguisticsinmind,andisdesignedtocreateforthembothasenseofcommunityandopportunitiesforintellectualgrowth.
Fallschedule:
WhenRegistrationopens,youwillselectbetweenoneandthreeadditionalcoursestocompleteyourschedule.
Option3:
IgnatiusSeminars
Offeredonlyinthefirstsemester,IgnatiusSeminarsintroducestudentstothedepthanddiversityofGeorgetown'sdynamicintellectualcommunity.
Fallschedule:
WhenRegistrationopens,youwillselectthreeorfouradditionalcoursestocompleteyourschedule.
Option4:
TraditionalFirst-YearAcademicProgram
Withthisprogram,you'lltakeyourfirststepintothecollege'srichandvariedcorecoursesandexploreyourfieldsofinterestinfreeoptionalcoursework.
Fallschedule:
WhenRegistrationopens,youwillbuildascheduleoffourorfiveadditionalcoursesfromthefullcollegecurriculum.
(1)HowdostudentslearntheculturalhistoryoftheMediterranean?
A. Bycomple
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