托福分学科词汇汇总.docx
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托福分学科词汇汇总.docx
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托福分学科词汇汇总
托福词汇汇总
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part1.天文类
1ASTRONOMY天文astronomy天文学astronomical天文的astronomicalobservatory天文台astronomer天文学家astrophysics天文物理学astrology占星学pseudoscience伪科学cosmos(universe)宇宙cosmology宇宙学infinite无限的cosmic宇宙的cosmicradiation宇宙辐射cosmicrays宇宙射线celestial天的celestialbody(heavenlybody)天体celestialmap(skyatlas)天体图celestialsphere天球dwarf(dwarfstar)矮星quasar类星体,类星射电源constellation星座galaxy(MilkyWay)新河系cluster星团solarsystem太阳系solarcorona日冕solareclipse日食solarradiation太阳辐射planet行星planetoid(asteroid)小行星revolve旋转,绕转twinkle闪烁nakedeye肉眼Mercury水星Venus金星Earth地球Mars火星Jupiter木星Saturn土星Uranus天王星Neptune海王星Pluto冥王星orbit轨道spin旋转satellite卫星lunar月球的meteor流星
meteorshower流星雨meteoroid流星体meteorite陨石comet彗星space(outerspace)太空,外层空间spacecraft(spaceship)宇宙飞船spaceman(astronaut)宇航员,航天员spacesuit宇航服,航天服spaceshuttle航天飞机spacetelescope空间望远镜astronaut宇航员star恒星stellar恒星的intergalactic星系间的interstellar恒星间的interplanetary行星间的asteroid小行星nebula星云spacedebris太空垃圾ammonia氨corona日冕chromosphere色球photosphere色球层convectionzone对流层vacuum真空infraredray红外线chondrite球粒absolutemagnitude绝对量级radiation辐射emission发射,散发high-resolution高清晰度interferometer干扰仪
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part2.地理类
GEOGRAPHY地理geography地理geographer地理学家hemisphere半球meridian子午线,经线parallel平行圈,纬线latitude纬度longitude经度elevation海拔altitude高度temperatelatitudes温带地区horizon地平线equator赤道tropics热带地区Arctic北极Antarctic(Antarctica)南极expedition探险timezone时区topography地形,地形学plain平原plateau(highland)高地lowland低地basin盆地cavern(cave)洞穴terrain地域subterranean(underground)地底下coastland沿海地区island岛屿continentalisland大陆岛volcanicisland火山岛coralisland珊瑚岛islet小岛peninsular半岛continent大陆continentalshelf大陆架ranges山脉valley峡谷canyon峡谷channel(strait)海峡remote-sensing遥感的terrestrial地球的,陆地的terrestrialheat(geothermal)地热terrestrialmagnetism(geomagnetism)地磁continentaldrift大陆漂移学说sea-floorspreading海床扩展evaporation蒸发salinity含盐度oceanbottom海床sediment沉淀物,沉积物tropical热带的temperate温带的frigid寒带的formation形成frostheaving冻胀现象fieldstone卵石
学科词汇(word,mp3)----part3.地质类
geology地质学geologist地质学家crust地壳mantle地幔core地核continentalcrust大陆地壳oceaniccrust海洋地壳layer(stratum,复数strata)地层plate板块fault断层faultplane断层面faultzone断层带rift(crack;split)断裂disintegration(decomposition)分解erosion腐蚀fossil化石igneousrock火成岩sedimentaryrock沉积岩metamorphicrock变质岩quartz石英limestone石灰岩marble大理石granite花岗岩lithogenous岩成的lithosphere岩石圈magma岩浆mineral矿物ore矿石deposit矿床platinum白金,铂
silver银copper黄铜aluminum铝tin锡lead铅zinc锌nickel镍mercury汞,水银sodium钠gem宝石diamond钻石emerald绿宝石ruby红宝石glacier冰川glacial冰川的glacialepoch(age,period)冰川期glacialdrift冰渍iceberg冰山volcano火山activevolcano活火山extinctvolcano死火山dormantvolcano休眠火山eruption火山喷发crater火山口lava火山岩浆volcanic火山的volcanicdust火山尘volcanicash火山灰earthquake(quake;tremor;seism)地震seismic地震的seismology地震学magnitude震级seismicwave地震波cataclysm灾变
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part4.考古,人类
anthropologist人类学家paleoanthropologist古人类学家ecologicalanthropologist生态人类学家psychologicalanthropologist心理人类学家origin起源originate起源于ancestor祖先hominid人(科)homogeneous同一种族(种类)的tribe部落clan氏族archeologist考古学家excavation挖掘excavate(unearth)挖掘ruins遗迹,废墟remains遗迹,遗骸artifact手工艺品relic遗物,文物antique古物,古董antiquity古代,古老StoneAge石器时代BronzeAge(青)铜器时代IronAge铁器时代Paleolithic旧石器时代的Mesolithic中石器时代的Neolithic新石器时代的archaeology考古学anthropology人类学morphology形态学skull颅骨cranial颅骨的
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part5.生态类
5ECOLOGY生态学ecologist生态学家ecosystem生态系统balance(ofnature)自然界生态平衡fauna动物群flora植物群rainforest雨林foodchain食物链acidrain酸雨greenhouseeffect温室效应infraredradiation红外线辐射ozonelayer(ozonosphere)臭氧层ultravioletradiation紫外辐射pollution污染pollutioncontrol污染控制airpollution空气污染waterpollution水污染noisepollution噪音污染soilpollution土壤污染pollution-free无污染pollutant污染物noxious(toxic)有毒的fumes(有毒)废气waste废物solidwaste固体垃圾sewage(wastewater)污水sewagepurification污水净化sewagedisposal污水处理decibel(噪音)分贝
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part6气象类
Meteorology气象meteorology气象meteorologist气象学家forecast(predict)预报climate气候atmosphere大气层troposphere对流层current(气)流vapor蒸汽evaporate蒸发damp(wet;moist;humid)潮湿的humidity湿度moisture潮湿;水分saturate饱和dew露frost霜fog(mist)雾smog烟雾droplet小水珠condense浓缩crystal水晶体downpour(torrentialrain)大雨tempest(storm)暴风雨drizzle细雨shower阵雨hail冰雹blizzard(snowstorm)暴风雪avalanche(snowslide)雪崩precipitation(雨、露、雪等)降水breeze微风gale大风whirlwind旋风typhoon台风hurricane飓风tornado(twister,cyclone)龙卷风funnel漏斗,漏斗云disaster(calamity,catastrophe)灾难devastation破坏submerge淹没drought旱灾
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part7化学类
chemistry化学chemicalproperty化学特性,化学性质chemicalcomposition(makeup)化学成分chemicalagent化学试剂chemicalreaction化学反应chemicalchange化学变化chemicalbond化学键chemicalapparatus化学器械substance(matter;material)物质element元素periodictable周期表hydrogen氢oxygen氧nitrogen氮helium氦carbon碳calcium钙silicon硅sulfur硫iodine碘compound化合物hydrocarbon碳氢化合物derivative衍生物alchemy炼金术petroleum(oil)石油petroleumproducts石油产品crudeoil原油refine提炼,精炼gasoline汽油methane甲烷solution溶液
dissolve溶解solvent溶剂solubility可溶性cohesive聚合力adhesive粘合力atom原子nucleus原子核electron电子neutron中子proton质子molecule分子particle粒子ion离子particleaccelerator粒子加速器catalysis(复数catalyses)催化作用catalyst催化剂artificial人造的synthetic合成的syntheticfiber人造纤维polymer聚合物polymerization聚合作用plastic塑料dye染料cosmetics化妆品
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part8物理类
8.PHYSICS 物理physics物理mechanics力学thermodynamics热力学acoustics声学electromagnetism电磁学optics光学dynamics动力学force力velocity速度acceleration加速度equilibrium平衡statics静力学motion运动inertia惯性gravitation引力relativity相对gravity地心引力vibration震动medium(media)媒质frequency频率wavelength波长pitch音高intensity强度echo回声resonance回声,洪亮sonar声纳ultrasonics超声学electricity电staticelectricity静电magnetism磁性,磁力magnet磁体electromagnet电磁magneticfield磁场electriccurrent电流directcurrent(DC)直流电alternatingcurrent(AC)交流电electriccircuit电路electriccharge电荷electricvoltage电压electricshock触电electricappliance电器conductor导体insulator绝缘体
semiconductor半导体battery(cell)电池drybattery干电池storagebattery蓄电池electronics电子学electronic电子的electroniccomponent(part)电子零件integratedcircuit集成电路chip集成电器片,集成块electrontube电子管vacuumtube真空管transistor晶体管amplification(名词)放大amplify(动词)放大amplifier放大器,扬声器oscillation震荡optical光(学)的opticalfiber光学纤维lens透镜,镜片convex凸透镜concave凹透镜microscope显微镜telescope望远镜magnifier放大镜spectrum光谱ultraviolet紫外线Xrays X射线Gammarays γ射线infraredrays红外线microwaves微波dispersion色散transparent透明translucent半透明opaque不透明的
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part9数学类
9MATHEMATICSmathematics数学mathematician数学家arithmetic算术calculation计算calculator计算器abacus算盘numeral数字sum和total(sumtotal)总和,总数aggregate总计fraction分数,小数decimal十进位,(十进)小数digit数字,数位percentage百分比addition加法plus加上subtraction减法minus减去multiplication乘法multiplicationtable乘法表multiply乘以times乘以power乘方square平方division除法divide除以algebra代数quantity表示量的数(或符号)equation方程式,等式formula公式root根geometry几何geometric几何的
dimension维parallel adj.平行的n.平行线quadrilateral四边形square正方形area面积rectangle长方形,矩形polygon多边形cube立方形volume体积sphere球形circle圆形ellipse(oval)椭圆形cone圆锥形circumference圆周diameter直径radius半径triangle三角形angle 角degree (角)度calculus微积分differentialcalculus微分学integralcalculus积分学function函数probability概率statistics统计quantitative量的,数量的qualitative质的,质量的deduction(inference)推论,演绎induction归纳
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part10农业类
10AGRICULTURE农业agriculture(farming)农业agricultural农业的land(soil)土壤;土地soilconservation土壤保护soilerosion泥土流失silt粉砂,泥沙clay黏土,湿土clod土块agrarian土地的,农业的pilot(experimental)试验性的harrow(rake)耙,耙土ridge田埂furrow犁沟plot(patch)小块地ranch农场,牧场plantation种植园orchard果园nursery苗圃seedbed苗床sickle镰刀spade铲,锹shovel(平头)铲pick稿tractor拖拉机cultivate(till)耕作sow(seed)播种harvest收割weed除草irrigate灌溉manure(fertilizer)肥料spray喷洒(农药)insecticide(pesticide)杀虫剂pest害虫rust锈病grain(cereal)谷物,谷粒granary(grainstore)粮仓mill碾,磨wheat小麦corn玉米rice大米barley大麦sorghum高粱oats燕麦rye黑麦millet粟,小米vegetable蔬菜horticulture园艺学hydroponics水栽法,营养液栽培法greenhouse(glasshouse,hotbed)温室cabbage洋白菜lettuce生菜mustard芥菜
spinach菠菜broccoli花椰菜cucumber黄瓜eggplant茄子pepper辣椒pumpkin南瓜tomato西红柿beet甜菜carrot胡萝卜radish小红萝卜pea豌豆soybean大豆celery芹菜garlic大蒜leek韭菜onion洋葱头potato土豆peanut花生sesame芝麻cotton棉花husbandry(animalhusbandry)畜牧业pasture牧场livestock家畜fowl(poultry)家禽cattle牛,家畜buffalo野牛dairy(dairycattle)奶牛dairyfarm乳牛场hay(作饲料用)干草haystack干草堆fodder(feed)饲料trough饲料槽barn(shed)牲口槽stable厩,马厩cowshed牛棚pigpen(hogpen,pigsty)猪圈sheepfold(sheeppen)羊栏roost(henhouse)鸡舍fishfarm养鱼场aquaculture水产养殖
分学科词汇(word,mp3)----part11动物类
11ANIMAL动物Darvinism达尔文学说naturalselection自然选择class纲order目family科genus属suborder亚目species种invertebrate无脊椎动物vertebrate脊椎动物aquatic(life)水生动物reptile爬行动物amphibian(amphibiousanimal)两栖动物dinosaur恐龙bird鸟类extinction灭绝mammal哺乳动物primates灵长目动物insect昆虫antenna(复数antennae)触须larva幼虫,幼体camouflage伪装pest害虫worm虫,蠕虫hibernate冬眠lizard蜥蜴chameleon变色蜥蜴regeneration再生turtle龟beast野兽domesticate驯养predatory(carnivorous)食肉的predator捕食者prey(动词)捕食(名词)被捕食的动物scavenger食腐动物migrate迁移wing翅膀,翼bill(鸟)嘴beak(鹰等的)嘴nest筑巢dolphin海豚whale鲸鱼bat蝙蝠gorilla大猩猩chimpanzee黑猩猩habitat栖息地rodent啮齿动物(如松鼠)primate灵长动物plankton浮游生物mollusk软体动物
coelenterate腔肠动物(如珊瑚)shrimp小虾prawn对虾lobster对虾crab螃蟹clam蛤蜊sponge海绵coral珊瑚starfish海星canary金丝雀chirp(鸟,虫的叫声)唧唧squeak(老鼠等)吱吱porpoise海豚sloth树懒slothful懒惰的hygiene卫生sanitation卫生parasite寄生虫moth蛾caterpillar毛虫hordes(昆虫等)群swarms(昆虫等)群flock(鸟,羊等)群community动物的群落或人的部落herd兽群bunch(花等)束,捧beaver海狸monogamous一夫一妻的,一雄一雌的polygamous一夫多妻的,一雄多雌的polyandrous一妻多夫的,一雌多雄的trapper诱捕动物者rhinoceros犀牛niche小生态环境vestige退化器官,遗迹oyster牡蛎fertilizer使…受精larvae幼虫tentacle触角homotherm恒温动物poikilotherm变温动物metabolism新陈代谢baboon狒狒breed(名词)品种,(动词)繁殖multiply(reproduce)繁殖hatch孵spawn(鱼、虾、蛙等)孵offspring(young)解剖学anatomy解剖学
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