大学艺术史复习提纲 Art H 100.docx
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大学艺术史复习提纲 Art H 100.docx
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大学艺术史复习提纲ArtH100
ArtH100Spring2017StudyguideforExam2
ArchaicstyleSpearbearerx=2y+1andDoricTrajan’sColumn
Humanism,toldthestoryofmilitary
Realism,andvictory
Idealism.
Giottousesforeshorteninginhisangels
ArtistisCimabue;firsttomoveawayfromByzantinestyle
AddressesthemesofNeoplatonicideas,marriagethemes,paganthemesandreferencestotheMedicifamily
BirthofVenusbyBotticelli
DavidbyDonatello-firstfree-standingnudesinceantiquity
Leonardo,Madonna(orVirginoftheRocks)DavidbyMichelangelo
∙Importantuseofgesturesexampleofterribilita
∙Useslighttorevealandveil
CommissionedfortheStanzadellaSegnatura.FeaturesPlatoandAristotleinthecenter.Addressesthemesofphilosophy.
Artist:
Titian;VenetianoilpaintingCultstatueofAthenamadeofgold
VenusorAphrodite—firstclassicalfemaleinthenude
MonaLisabyLeonardoMasaccio,HolyTrinity
StolenfromtheLouvreinParis
HumanisticportrayalbyLeonardl
HighRenaissancestyle
EveasmomentomoriEnricoScrogveni—patronofArenaChapel
EveusesVenusPudicapose
Adam’sabdominalmusclesshowhisgrief
Figureshaveshadows
FraAngelicoAnnunciationTheArenaChapel--Giotto
InthemonasteryofSanMarco
Thestoryissimplified
ByzantineiconGiottoandnewnaturalism;useoflightandshading
GreeceandRome
Characteristicsofclassicalstyle:
∙Humanism,realism,andidealism
TheDoricorder
∙Sitsonthestereobate
∙Hastriglyphsandmetopes
ThefirstGreekfree-standingsculpturetofeaturecontrappostowasKritiosBoy
ThemaleArchaicfigure
∙Usedasgravemonuments
∙Sometimesmarkedthetombsofoldermen
∙Usedasbotiveofferingsatshrines
ThefemaleArchaicfigure
∙Earlyexamplesalwaysdressed
∙Functionsvaried
Greekphilosophy—attentionfromtheworldofnaturetotheworldofthemind
AGreekorder
∙Dictatestheproportionalsystemgoverningtheinterrelationshipsoftheparts
TheGreekentablatureiscompostedofthearchitraveandthefrieze
Romancharacteristics
Family,thestateandthemilitary
Practical,efficientandorganized
Buildingprojectsthatrepresentedthepoweroftheempire
TheColiseum
∙Prototypeforthemodernsportsstadium
∙OvalplandevelopedfromtwoGreektheatersbacktoback
ByzantinetoGiotto
TheMedievalChurchwasabletocontroleveryaspectofanindividual’slife
∙Throughthesacraments
Giottousedthefollowingtechniquestosuggestrecedingspace
∙Overlapping
∙Foreshortening
∙Backsofpeople
∙Modeling
TheByzantineIcon
∙Viewedasavehicletocommunicatewiththespiritualworld
∙Religiouspaintingthatdisplayedaholypersonorevent
CharacteristicsofByzantineart
∙Elongatedfigures
∙Frontalviewoffigures
∙Severe
∙Otherworldly
EnricoScrovegniwasthepatronofGiotto’sArenaChapel.
TheArenaChapel
∙38framedpictures
∙Giotto
∙Fresco
∙Newnaturalism
∙Narrativepanelstellingastory
Cimabue’sMadonnaEnthronedwithAngelsandProphets
∙ConcernedwithrepresentingadeeperspacebysuggestingtheMadonna’sthronerecedes
∙intospace
∙
Renaissance
MasacciointroducedBrunelleschi’slinearperspectiveinart.HeestablisheswhatwecallRenaissancepaining.
Masaccio’sExpulsionofAdamandEvefromEden
∙Eveservesasmementomori
∙Figureshavesubstantialbodyweight
TributeMoney
∙Aerialperspective
∙Linearperspective
∙Continuousnarrative
DuringtheItalianRenaissancepatronagecamefromsecularrulers(Kings),mercantileclassandtheChurch.
TheMedici:
WealthymerchantsinFlorence—patronsofthearts
CharacteristicsofRenaissanceHumanism
∙Emphasisoneducation
∙Knowledgeofclassicalantiquity
BirthofVenus—artistisBotticelli—paganfantasyusingtheposeVenusPudica
PrimaverabyBotticelli—commissionedbytheMedici,servedasamodelforthebrideandcontainsmanyreferencestotheMedici
Venetianpainting
∙Evocationofmood
∙Recliningfemalenude
Leonardo’sLastSupper—exampleofabalanced,refinedcompositionusinglinearperspective
Leonardo’sVirginoftheRocks
∙DepictsthelegendofthemeetingofSt.JohnandtheChristChild
∙Setwithinanunusualrockylandscape
CharacteristicsofLeonardo’sstyle
∙Atmosphericperspective
∙Anatomicaldrawings
∙Psychologicalinsight
∙Chiaroscuro
∙Sfumato
FlorentineandRomanpaintersassociatedwithdisegno(design)
CharacteristicsofRaphael’swork—clarity,harmony,andunityofdesign;humanizationoftheMadonnaandChild
ArtistictrainingintheItalianRenaissance
∙Basedonaguildsystem
∙Openonlytoboys
St.Lucycanbeidentifiedinapaintingbecausesheisholdingatraywithhereyesonit.
Howdoestheenclosedgardenfunction
∙Itclosesoffnatureandtheoutsideworldwhichweviewasfrightening,beyondourcontrol,wildanduntamed
Theenclosedgardenrepresentstheego
ThetwoFraAngelicoAnnunciationpaintingdifferinwhatway
∙ThePradoAnnunciationhasmoredetailandtellsastoryoftheFallofmantheandcomingoftheChristiansavior
∙ThesepaintinginspiredthepoetThomasMerton
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