延续性动词和短暂性动词笔记.docx
- 文档编号:1306211
- 上传时间:2023-04-30
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:3
- 大小:12.07KB
延续性动词和短暂性动词笔记.docx
《延续性动词和短暂性动词笔记.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《延续性动词和短暂性动词笔记.docx(3页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
持续动词与瞬间动词
英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分,使用中应注意两者的区别。
持续性动词表示一个动作可持续一段时间,此类动词有do,live,have,keep,wear,sleep,wait,work,play,stay,know,sing,dance,write,study,rest,talk,walk等.
瞬时性动词表示不能持续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束,此类动词有open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive,reach,leave,move,borrow,buy,die,lend,join,catch,get,win,fail等
一、持续性动词
表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。
常见的有study,play,do,read,learn,drive,write,clean,slean,sleep,speak,talk,wait,fly,stay,write,sit,stand,lie,keep等。
二、瞬间性动词
表示一个动作发生在一瞬间,非常短暂。
亦称终止性动词。
常见的有begin,start,finish,go,come,leave,find,getup,arrive,reach,getto,enter,hear,stop,open,close,become,buy,borrow,lend,happen,join,lose,renew,die,takeaway,putup,setout,puton,geton/off等。
以上已集中了初中教材的大部分持续性动词及瞬间性动词。
三、用法
1、持续性动词在完成时中能与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,而瞬间性动词则不能。
例如:
Hisparentstalkedwiththeteacherforhalfanhour.(他的父母跟老师谈了半个小时。
)
Mymotherhaslaininbedfor3days.(我母亲生病卧床已经三天了。
)
MyparentshavelivedinShanghaisince1950.(我父母亲从1950年起就住在上海了。
)
2、瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用,通常的方法:
(1)用意思相当的持续性动词来替换,例如:
Hehasbeeninthearmy/asoldierforhtreeyears.(他参军已有3年了。
)不能用hasjoined
Shehasbeenupforquitesometime.(她起床已有好久了。
)不能用hasgotup
Hasyourbrotherbeenawayfromhomeforalongtime?
(你哥哥离家已有好久了吗?
)不能用hasleft
初中课本中的常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系如下:
1、go——beaway2、come——behere
3、comeback——beback4、leave——beaway(benothere)
5、buy——have6、borrow——keep
7、die——bedead8、begin——beon
9、finish——beover10、open——beopen
11、close——beclosed12、lose——belost
13、gettoknow——know14、turnon——beon
15、getup——beup16、sitdown——sit/beseated
17、join——bein(…)或bea…membera)用延续性动词代替终止性动词
1、用have代替buy
Mybrotherhashad(不能用hasbought)thisbikeforalmostfouryears.
2、用keep或have代替borrow
Ihavekept(不能用haveborrowed)thebookforquiteafewdays.
3、用be替代become
Howlonghasyoursisterbeenateacher?
4、用haveacold代替catchacold
Tomhashadacoldsincethedaybeforeyesterday.
5、用wear代替puton
b)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词
1、be+married代marry2、be+ill代fall(get)ill
3、be+dead代die4、be+asleep代fall(get)asleep
5、be+awake代wake/wakeup6、be+gone代lose,die,sell,leave
7、be+open代open8、beclosed代close/shut
9、be+missing(gone,lost)代lose
延续性动词表示能够延续的动作,这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。
如:
learn,work,stand,lie,know,walk,keep,have,wait,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。
终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词,表示不能延续的动作,这种动作发生后立即结束。
如open,close,finish,begin,come,go,arrive,reach,getto,leave,move,borrow,buy等。
Come-behere
Go–bethere
leave→beaway,
borrow→keep,
buy→have,
begin/start→beon,
die→bedead,
moveto→livein,
finish→beover,
join→bein/beamemberof,
opensth.→keepsth.open,
feelill→beill,
getup→beup,
catchacold→haveacold
comehere---behere,
gothere---bethere,
become---be,
comeback---beback,
fallasleep---beasleep,
getto/arrive/reach---be(in),
leave---beawayfrom,
gettoknow---know,
go(get)out→beout,
puton→wear;
例:
Theoldmandied4yearsago.
----Theoldmanhasbeendeadfor4years.
----Itis4yearssincetheoldmandied.
---Fouryearshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.
HejoinedtheParty2yearsago.
-----HehasbeeninthePartyfor2years.
Iboughtthebook5daysago.
----Ihavehadthebookfor5days.
补充练习:
1. Whenhearrivedatthebusstop,thebus________for20minutes.
A.hasleft B.hadleft C.hasbeenaway D.hadbeenaway
2.I______theLeaguefor5yearssofar.
A.joined B.havejoined C.havebeenin
3. Thefactory________sincetheFebruaryof1988.
A.hasbeenopen B.hasopened C.wasopen D.opened
4. MaryandRose_______friendssincetheymetin2000.
A.havemade B.havebeen C.made D.havebecome
5.Youmustn't________untilhecomesback.
A.beaway B.leave C.beleft
6.Themeeting _______foraweeknow.
A.hasfinished B.hasended C.hasbeenover
7.MissGao______thisschoolfornearly5years.
A.hasbeenin B.hascometo C.hastaught
8.Ben______ateacherfor4years.
A.hasbeen B.hasbecome C.was D.became
9.I______homeforaweek.
A.havereturned B.havebeenback C.returned
10.Howlong_______he________?
A.died B.has,died C.has,beendead
11.-----HowlongcanI______thebook?
------Twoweeks.
A.borrow B.lend C.get D.keep
12.He________thecarforaweek.
A.bought B.hasbought C.hashad
13.-----Howlong_____you_____ill?
-----Twoweeks.
A.didfall B.have,fell C.have,been
14.Since2000,he_____hishometown.
A.hasleft B.hasmovedaway C.hasbeenawayfrom
15.I'lllendyouthebook,butyoucanonly_____itfor2days.
A.borrow B.keep C.take
16.Thebus______ontheroadfor2hourssofar.
A.hasstopped B.stopped C.hasbeen
17.Areyou_____thejacketthesedays?
A.wearing B.puttingon C.dressing D.on
18.He________for2hours.
A.gotup B. hasgotup C.hasbeenup
19.Tomisillinhospital.He_______acoldforseveraldays.
A.is B.catches C.hascaught D.hashad
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 延续性 动词 短暂 笔记