怎样区分非谓语动词.docx
- 文档编号:13029556
- 上传时间:2023-06-10
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:23
- 大小:28.68KB
怎样区分非谓语动词.docx
《怎样区分非谓语动词.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《怎样区分非谓语动词.docx(23页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
怎样区分非谓语动词
【考纲要求】
序号
知识点
学习水平
1
形容词的用法
B
2
副词用法
B
3
形容词副词原级
A
4
形容词副词比较级,最高级
C
【知识梳理】
Ⅰ.形容词,副词的定义
形容词修饰名词表示名词属性,常放在它所修饰的名词之前。
若修饰复合不定代词则放在其后。
副词用以修饰动词、形容词和其他副词,还可修饰全句。
Ⅱ.形容词,副词的三个等级
原级 在as...as和not so...as,thesame…as,such…as的中间形容词,副词常用原级
1. as...as表示相同。
He can run as fast as she can.
This knife is as sharp as that one.
2. not so...as,not as...as表示"不如"
He doesn't smoke as heavily as his brother.
He's not so tall as his brother.
比较级
1.在...than...句中。
He is cleverer than I.(口语中常作:
He is cleverer than me.)
He is two heads taller than I.或HeistallerthanIbytwoheads.
He is working harder than I.口语中常作:
He is working harder than me.)
2. 在which…,_or_?
句中,表示两者比较
Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?
Who can type faster, Tom or Jack?
3.比较级and比较级
He is getting more and more interested in English.
It's snowing harder and harder.
She is running more and more quickly.
It's getting darker and darker.
4. The more...the more
The more you talked, the less attentionhepaidtoyou.
The harder she worked, the more progress she made.
5.the+比较级+ofthetwo+名词
Thetallerofthetwoboysismybrother.
最高级
1.表示三者或三者以上,通常含有in,of介词短语和定语从句的句子
Spring is the best season in thenorth.
John is the cleverest of all the boys.
He sings (the) best in the class.
She jumps highest of the three.
He sings (the) best in ourschool.
2. 在which…,_or_?
句中,表示三者或三者以上比较
Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
Who can type fastest, Tom, Jack or Mary?
3. 形容词最高级表示“最...之一”时,可用“one of the+最高级+复数名词”
Edison was one of the greatest inventors in the world.
4. 形容词最高级的前面有my等形容词性物主代词,名词所有格时不用加the.
This is my busiest day.
The Changjiang River is China's longest river.
5.比较级句式表达最高级的意思
Sheistallerthananyothergirlinherclass.
Sheistallerthantheothergirlsinherclass.
Sheistallerthananyoneelseinherclass
Sheistallerthananyoftheothergirlsinherclass.
Sheistallerthantherestofthegirlsinherclass.
否定词+比较级=最高级
Ihaveneverheardsuchabettervoice.
NootherriverislongerthantheChangjiangRiverinAsia.
NodoctorisasexcellentasTom’sfather.
6.比较级,最高级前可受much,far,still,no,even,any,rather,alot,alittle,agreatdeal,byfar,abit等修饰,表示超出的程度
We have a much better life now.
The buildings look far uglier in London than here.
Thestudentstudyevenharderthanbefore.
I made a lot more mistakes than you (did).
Your cake is a little sweeter than mine.
It's still hotter today.
Have you any more?
Oh, sorry, no more.
She's no better yet.
The train is no longer in sight.
You must work much more carefully.
You can read even better if you try your best.
They will come back a little earlier.
Helen came late, but her sister came still later.
I am so tired. I can't walk any farther.
My brother is rather better today.
7.rather,much,verymuch,far修饰比较级,最高级的区别
rather 的后面可以接原级,也可以接比较级:
rather good,rather tired,rather formally
This hat is rather more expensive than that one.
much 可以接比较级,也可以接最高级。
much older than…
Now I feel much more confident.
I thought he was much the best speaker.
very much 接比较级,只有接为数不多的几个形容词原级。
very much more quickly 快的多
very much afraid/ alike, awake, alive
far 的后面主要接比较级,少数接最高级。
a far better picture than…
far more dangerous than…
It was ( by) far the best film that I have seen for a long time.
8.too 的后面接原级。
在 too 的前面不能用fairly, quite, a bit等。
rather too deeply,slightly too long,a bit too small ,much too high
Ⅲ.表示倍数的三个句型
1.….timesas+形容词原级+as…
Thisroomis3timesaslargeasthatone.
2.…timesthe+名词+of…..
Thisroomis3timesthesizeofthatone.
3.….times+形容词比较级+than….
Thisroomistwicelargerthanthatone.
Ⅳ.形容词
1.形容词的句法功能
He's a tall man.定语
This film is very interesting.表语
You look young for your age.表语
We find it pleasant to work with him.宾补
The house was found empty.主补
Hestoodthere,fulloffear.作状语表示伴随或结果,
Helayinbed,wideawake.
2.有些形容词和定冠词连用,表示一类人或事物。
常见的这一类形容词有:
young(年轻的)old(年老的)rich(富有的)poor(贫穷的)sick(生病的)wounded(受伤的)deaf(聋的)blind(失明的),deaf(聋的),disabled(残废的),healthy(健康的),sick(病弱的), living(活的)/dead(死的), rich(富有的)/poor(贫穷的),unemployed(失业的)等,以及其他某些说明人的性格或状态的形容词。
这一表达方式具有复数含义,所以动词也用复数形式,代词则用they:
The poor get poorer;the rich get richer.
The wounded were sent home.(指一类人,动词用复数。
)
the+形容词偶尔也有单数含义:
the accused(person)被告人the unexpected(thing)意外的事
The accused was acquitted of the charge. (主语是单数的概念,动词用单数。
)
The true is to be distinguished from the false.(指抽象概念,动词用单数。
)
注意:
the+形容词只是泛指某一类人,假如要特指某一部分人,则必须加名词:
These seats are for the disabled.
The disabled members of our party were let in free.
The French like to eat well.
The French tourists complained about the food.
the+表示国籍的以ch或sh结尾的形容词也是同样用法:
the Dutch荷兰人,the Spanish西班牙人,the Welsh威尔士人
以se或ss结尾的表示国籍的形容词也可以这样用:
the Burmese缅甸人the Chinese中国人the Japanese曰本人the Swiss瑞士人
但这些表达方式也有可能是单数的意思。
一些表示颜色的形容词后加上s作复数名词用时也代表一类人:
the blacks黑人the whites白人
3.只能作表语、主补、宾补,后置定语的形容词
这类形容词常见的有well,ill,glad,sure,fond,content,lit以及以a-开头的词afraid,alike,aware,awake,ashamed,alone,alive,asleep...等。
⑴. 作表语
I'm glad to see you.
He is ill.
The boy was asleep when his mother got home.
She is wideawake.
Sheisstillalive.
⑵. 作主补或宾补
He was found alive.
We found him alone by the lake.
⑶.后置定语
Heisthegreatestpoetalive.
Tomwastheonlyboyawakeatthattime.
4.形容词作后置定语的几种情况
1.当形容词修饰复合不定代词时
Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.
2.当“形容词+介词/不定式”构成短语时
Theteacheraskedmeaquestiontoodifficulttoanswer.
3.当两个意义相反的形容词用或连接在一起作定语时
Peopleinthevillage,youngandold,menandwomenvoteforhim.
Theenemytookawayeverything,usefuloruseless.
4.当等词附有数量词短语作定语时
Atthattimeshewasonlyagirlfiveyearsold.
5.名词后加“ly”经常构成形容词。
以下是常见以“ly”结尾的形容词
friendly,lively,lovely,timely,orderly,monthly,silly,likely,deadly,comradely,lonely,daily,motherly,manly,womanly,sisterly,smelly
6.多个词修饰同一名词时的排列顺序
常用顺序为:
限定词(these,those…)+数量形容词(two,three…)+描绘性形容词(beautiful,lovely…..)+大小,长短,高低等形体性形容词(large,long,high…)+新旧(new,old)+颜色(red,black..)+国籍(Chinese…)+材料(wood,leather,…..)+用途(writing,sleeping….)+被修饰词
为了方便记忆,请记住下面的几句话:
限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老。
颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠。
记住以上规则是必要的,但还应多读,增强语感。
如:
anotherthreeEnglishbooks
alltheselastfewdays
somebeautifullittleredflowers
ahighredbrickwall
abeautifulwhiteJapanesemilitaryjeep
Ⅴ.副词
1.副词的句法功能
a)作状语
Don't drive so fast.修饰动词
It's a very interesting story.修饰形容词
He speaks English quite fluently.修饰其他副词
Perhaps he will passtheexam.修饰全句
⑵表语I must be off.
⑶主补He was seen out.
⑷宾补We saw him out.
⑸定语People here are very friendly.(副词作定语,应放在名词的后面。
)
2.有些副词有两种形式,一种与形容词相同,另一种是形容词后加后缀“-ly”。
这两种形式的副词意义不大相同,应加以分辨。
close接近,指距离----closely仔细地,密切地
free免费-------------freely自由地,自如地
deep深-----------deeply深刻地,深入地
hard努力地------------------hardly几乎不
wide宽阔----------widely广泛地
high高-----------highly高度地
late望,迟----------lately近来
near邻近---------nearly几乎
most最,非常----------mostly主要地,大部分
easy从容地---------easily容易地
有几个副词拼写比较特殊,要多加注意。
gently轻轻地terribly可怕地
truly真实地fully充分地
3.副词的分类
⑴.时间副词now,then,today,tomorrow,ago,lately,soon,early…..
⑵.频度副词often,seldom,never,usually…..
⑶.地点副词outside,upstairs,anywhere,up,forward,here,theres……
⑷.方式副词simply,quickly,happily,loudly,suddenly,luckily…..
⑸.程度副词very,quite,rather,extremely,completely,widely….
⑹.疑问副词when,where,why,how…..
⑺.关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句
⑻.连接副词when,where,why,how引导名词性从句和状语从句
⑼.其他surely,certainly,really,however,therefore,perhaps…..
4.副词的位置
⑴.时间副词afterwards,eventually,lately,now,recently,soon,then,today,tomorrow
时间的副词短语at once,since then,till 6:
00
通常位于句首或句末,在祈使句中及与till短语连用时常放在句末:
Eventually he came.
He came eventually.
Then we went home.
We went home then.
Write today.
I’ll wait till tomorrow.
⑵.before,early,immediately和late位于句末:
He came late.
I’ll go immediately.
⑶.yet和still(时间副词)
yet常常位于动词或动词+宾语之后:
Shehasn’t finished herhomeworkyet.
如果宾语由许多词组成,yet也可位于动词之前:
He hasn’t yet applied for the job we told him about.
still位于be动词之后或实意动词之前:
She is still in bed.
My father still remembers his first day at school.
I still think he's the best player.
⑷.程度副词修饰形容词
下列程度副词可以修饰形容词或其它副词,位于该形容词或副词之前:
absolutely,almost,barely,completely,enough,entirely,extremely,fairly,far,hardly,just,much,nearly,only,quite,rather,really,scarcely,so,too,very等
You are absolutely right.
I’m almost ready.
但enough要放在形容词或副词之后:
The box isn’t big enough.
He didn’t work quickly enough.
程度副词在动词前
下列程度副词也可以修饰动词:
almost,barely,enough,hardly,just,
little,much,nearly,quite,rather,really和scarcely。
除了much以外,其他的都可位于主要动词之前,与频度副词的用法相同。
He almost/nearly fell.
I am just going.
Tom didn’t like it much but I really enjoyed it.
程度副词紧挨所修饰的词-1
only也可以修饰动词,它应紧挨所修饰的词,位于动词、形容词、副词之前,位于名词、代词之前或之后:
He had only six apples.(不超过六个。
)
He only lent the car.(他没有把车送给人家。
)
He lent the car to me only.(不是借给别人。
)
I believe only half of what he said.
但在英词口语中,人们通常把only这个词放在动词之前,通过对only所修饰的词加以重读来体现所要表示的含义:
He only had′six apples.
He only lent the car to′me.
I only believe′half.
程度副词紧挨所修饰的词-2
just与only相同,应位于它所修饰的词的前面:
I’ll buy just one.
I had just enough money.
just也可紧挨动词:
I’ll just buy one.
I just had enough money.
程度副词fairly和rather
这两个词都有“相当”、“适中”的意思,
但fairly主要用于修饰褒义的形容词和副词(如bravely,good,nice,well等)
而rather主要修饰贬义的形容词和副词(如bad,stupidly,ugly等):
Tom is fairly clever,but Peter is rather stupid.
汤姆相当聪明,而彼得就颇笨。
I walk fairly fast but Ann walks rather slowly.
我走得相当快,而安就走得相当慢。
这两个词都可以与分词连用:
He was fairly relaxed;she was rather tense.
a fairly interesting film
a rather boring book
不定冠词必须放在fairly之前,但可放在rather之前或之后:
a fairly light box
a rather heavy box/rather a heavy box
一个相当重的盒子一些本身没有褒贬意义的形容词和
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 怎样 区分 谓语 动词
![提示](https://static.bingdoc.com/images/bang_tan.gif)