高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点.docx
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高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点.docx
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高考情态动词与虚拟语气考点
情态动词与虚拟语气
常考考点一情态动词+havedone
情态动词+havedone表示对过去的虚拟
情态动词+havedone
用法
例句
musthavedone
想必,准是,一定已经做了
否定式为can’t/couldn’thavedone
@
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,fortheroadisquitemuddy.
can/couldhavedone
本来能够做
可能做了
Hecouldhavefinishedtheworkintime.
Can/Couldhehavegonetohisaunt’s
Cannot/couldnothavedone
不可能已经做了
Hecannothaveforgottenit.
Hecouldn’thaveforgottenit.
—
may/mighthavedone
可能已经做了
It’stoolate.Ithinkhemayhavegonetobed.
Hemaynothavefinishedthework.
他也许还没完成那项工作
Should/oughttohavedone
本该做,而实际上未做
Yououghttohavedonetheworkmorecarefully.
needn’thavedone
-
本不必做而做了
Youneedn’thavetakenataxihere,foritwasveryneartomyhouse.
hadbetterhavedone
当时最好做了
Youhadbetternothavescoldedher.要是那时你没责骂她就好了。
Youhadbetterhavefoundajob.
要是当时你找到一份工作就好了
wouldratherhavedone
宁愿当时做了
Iraisedobjectionsatthemeeting,butnowIwouldrathernothavedonethat.
¥
wouldlike/lovetohavedone
过去愿意做但未做成
Iwouldlovetohavegonetothepartylastnight,butIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishthework.
1.Ihavewatchedthatmovieit’llgivemehorribledreams.
A.Shouldn’t’t’t’t
2.Markhavehurried.Afterdrivingattopspeed,hearrivedhalfanhourearly.
’t’t’t’t
ProfessorSmith.Ididn’tfinishtheassignmentyesterday.
-----Oh,youhavedoneitasyesterdaywasthedeadline.
、
’t’t
havebeenTomthatparkedthecarhere,asheistheonlyonewithacar.
5.Hedidn’tregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthatheitdifferently.
expressB.wouldexpresshaveexpressedhaveexpressed
6.-----I’msorry.Iatyoutheotherday.
------Forgetit,Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.
’tshout’thaveshouted
ismydictionaryIrememberIputithereyesterday.
#
-------Youitinthewrongplace.
A.mustputB.shouldhaveputputhaveput
8.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday,Ithetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.
havetakenhavetaken’thavetaken
D.mustn’thavetaken
9.Asyouworkedlateyesterday,youhavecomethismorning.
’t’t’t’t
didyoudoonthedrivingtest
---------Notsowell.Imuchbetter,butIwastoonervous.
dohavedone’thavedoneD.shoulddo
[
havebrokenyourpromise;Youpaintingthehouselongago.
A.couldhavefinishedB.hadbetterfinish
C.musthavefinishedhavefinished
Ididn’tgofishinglastSundaybecausemycarbrokedown.
----------youmine.Iwasn’tusingit.
borrowB.couldhaveborrowed
borrowhaveborrowed
13.Mynewly-purchasedmagazineisnowheretobefound.Ihaveleftitonthetrain
B.Should
14.Youthemeetingtotellmethat.youcouldhavecomeuptomeafterwards.
(
havecometo’thaveinterrupted
toattend’tgoto
15.-----Whatareyoudoing,dear
-------I’mwatchingthefootballgame.
-------WhatYouyourhomeworkfirst.
A.wouldhavedonehavedone
havedoneD.mayhavedone
二.情态动词常考情况
表客观存在的可能
如:
Accidentscanhappenonsuchrainydays.
;
Drivingonthehighwaycanbedangerous
可以表示命令,警告,威胁,许诺,宣布法律规定时也要用shall.
Youshallleavetheroomatonce.
Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidatesshallremainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.
Heaskedmeforthisbookmanytimes.Pleasetellhimheshallhaveittomorrow.
Myfathertoldme,“Youshallhaveacomputeronyour18thbirthday.”
3.Maywell与mayaswell
maywell+动词原形,表示很可能
Hemaywellbeproudofhisson.
Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizeher.
(
mayaswell+动词原形,表示“最好,满可以,倒不如”
Youmayaswelldoitatonce.
Wemayaswellstaywhereweare.
4.must表示偏要,硬要
Mustyoumakesomuchnoise
Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegoout.
情态动词基本用法
can,could
表能够,可能
)
can’t,couldn’t
不会,不能够,不可能
may
可能,征询许可
might
可能
should
应该,惊讶
oughtto
应该,
@
must
必须,肯定的猜测
mustn’t
一定不要
needn’t,don’tneedto
不必
shall
询问意见,表警告,威胁,许诺,规定
would
表意愿,习惯
|
练习
isusuallywarminmyhometowninmarch,butitberathercoldsometimes
A.must
bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhe’sanicepersoningeneral.
A.shall
’tletyourheadoutofamovingbus,whichleadtoaterribledisaster.
4.-----CanIpaythebillbycheck
--------Sorry,sir.Butitisthemanagementrulesofourhotelthatpaymentbemadeincash.
"
cation
Whatdoesthesignoverthereread
--------“Nopersonsmokeorcarryacigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.”
A.WillB.mayC.shallD.must
haven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.
-------Don’tworry,youhaveitbyFriday.
A.Could
7.Beingexamedtwiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydriverobeyinthiscity.
to
wouldyoupleasebuymeanMP5player
…
----Ifyoucanhelpdosomehouseworkthewholevacation,youhaveoneasareward.
A.mustB.needD.shall
9.Itisasetrulethatallpaymentbemadebytheendofthemonth.
B.shallC.canD.may
wellnotwanttogoonthetrip.Shehatestravelling.
B.can
11.------Theworkwilltakemeanotherweek.I’mreallytired.
-------Ithinkyouaswellconsultanexperiencedworker.
A.may
12.Ifyoutalkaboutitwithme,pleasewaittillIfinishmyworkathand.
《
A.canB.mayC.mustD.should
13.Nick,stopscreaminglikecrasy!
Whyyouwatchthatstupidfootballmatchatoneinthemorning
A.shallB.wouldC.shouldD.must
14.Ifyougo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.
A.canB.mayC.mustD.will
Ismokehere
-------Ifyou,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.
A.ShouldB.could
16.-------Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight
-------Iwantedto,butmymumsimplynotletmeoutsolateatnight.
A./
B.couldC.wouldD.should
17.------Areyougoingtothelecturetomorrowafternoon
-------I’mnotsurenow.IgotoProfessorBlack’sclassinstead.
A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.must
18.-----Ibookatablefordinnerafewdsaysaheadoftime
-------Yes,you.Therestaurantisalwaysfull,especiallyduringtheholidays.
A.Must;willB.Must;canC.shall;shallD.shall;must
19.Youcan’timaginethatawell-behavedgentlemanbesorudetoalady.
A.mightC.shouldD.would
20.MyMP4isn’tinmybag.WhereIhaveputit
-
A.canB.mustD.would
三.虚拟语气主从句时态
·
虚拟条件句
主句
与现在事实相反的假设
If+主语+动词过去式(be动词用were)
主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形
IfIwereyou(WereIyou),Ishouldseizethechancetogoabroad.
与过去事实相反的假设
If+主语+haddone
主语+should/would/could/might+havedone
|
Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice(Hadyoutakenmyadvice),youwouldnothavefailedtheexam.
与将来事实相反的假设
1.If+主语+动词过去式
2.If+主语+wereto+do
3If+主语+shoulddo
主语+should/would/could/might+do
Ifheshouldnotcometomorrow(Shouldhenotcometomorrow),weshouldputoffthemeetingtillnextMonday.
练习
|
1------Johnwenttothehospitalalone.
-------Ifhemeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.
A.shouldtellB.tellsC.toldD.hadtold
weatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.
-------Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!
Andmyvegetables.
A.wouldn’tdieB.didn’tdieC.hadn’tdiedD.wouldn’thavedied
wetheotherroad,mighthavearrivedhereintimeforthemeeting.
A.takeB.hadtakenC.tookD.havetaken
4.HadIknownaboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.
》
A.wouldhavebeensavedB.hadbeensavedC.willbesavedD.wassaved
5.Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn’thavelosthisjob.
B.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow
6.befired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswouldn’tbeimmediatelycutoff.
AwouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube
7.IfEnglishincludedintheexaminations,fewstudentswouldchooseit.
A.weren’tB.isn’tC.hasn’tbeenD.hadn’tbeen
8.----Mike,It’sapityyoudidn’tcometolastnight’sconcert.Itwasreallygreat!
-------ReallyIfIsobusy,Iwouldhavegonewithyou.
A.hadn’tbeenB.weren’tC.shouldn’tbeD.wouldn’tbe
《
9.ittoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff
untilthesametimenextweek.
A.Should;/B.If;shouldC.Were;/D.If;weregoing
10.forthefactthatshegothitbyacarandbrokeherlegonherwaytoschool,shemighthavepassedtheexam.
A.HaditnotbeenB.Hadn’titbeen
C.WasitnotD.Wereitnot
把下列句子变成省略if的形式
1.Ifhehadtoldmeaboutit,Iwouldhavegonewithhim.
2.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetter.
3.Ifwehadtakentheotherroad,wemighthavearrivedhereintime.
4.,
5.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldn’tgohiking.
6.Ifhewereabird,hewouldflyintheskyhappily
四.介词短语中的虚拟语气
用介词短语代替条件句,常见的介词有:
without,butfor
eg:
Withoutyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.
=Butforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.
=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.
练习
1./
2.Thankyouforallyourhardworklastweek,Idon’tthinkwe
Itwithoutyou.
A.canmanagehavemanaged
managehavemanaged
forourhelp,wetheprogramintime.
A.cannotfinishB.willnotfinish
C.hadnotfinishedD.couldnothavefinished
forthehelpofmyEglishteacher,IthefirstprizeintheEnglishwritingcompetition.
A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewon
winhavewon
}
4.theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.
spiteofB.ButforC.Becauseoffor
electroniccomputers,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology
A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachieved
C.wouldnothavebeenachievednotbeenachieved
四.错综时间条件句,动词形式根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整
eg:
Ifyouhadfollowedmyadviceju
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