辽宁高考英语题.docx
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辽宁高考英语题.docx
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辽宁高考英语题
2014年辽宁省高考英语试题
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops(笔记本电脑).
Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility(清晰度).Buttheresearchhasfoundlaptopusersarelessabletorememberandapplytheconceptstheyhavebeentaught.
Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotes“mindlessly”bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorssaid.
Inthefirstexperiment,studentsweregiveneitheralaptoporpenandpaper.Theylistenedtothesamelecturesandweretoldtousetheirusualnote-takingskills.Thirtyminutesafterthetalk,theywereexaminedontheirabilitytorememberfactsandonhowwelltheyunderstoodconcepts.
Theresearchersfoundthatlaptopuserstooktwiceasmanynotesasthosewhowrotebyhand.However,thetypistsperformedworseatrememberingandapplyingtheconcepts.Bothgroupsscoredsimilarlywhenitcametomemorizingfacts.Theresearchers’reportsaid,“Whilemorenotesarcbeneficial,ifthenotesaretakenmindlessly,asismorelikelythecaseonalaptop,thebenefitdisappears.”Inanotherexperimentaimedattestinglong-termmemory,studentstooknotesasbeforebutweretestedaweekafterthelecture.Thistime,thestudentswhowrotenotesbyhandperformedsignificantlybetterontheexam.
Thesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarcnotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.
21. Moreandmorestudentsfavorlaptopsfornote-takingbecausetheycan .
A.writemorenotes B.digestconceptsbetter
C.gethigherscores D.understandlecturesbetter
22. Whiletakingnotes,laptopuserstendtobe .
A.skillful B.mindless
C.thoughtful D.tireless
23. Theauthorofthepassageaimsto .
A. examinetheimportanceoflong-termmemory
B. stressthebenefitoftakingnotesbyhand
C. explaintheprocessoftakingnotes
D. promotetheuseoflaptops
24.Thepassageislikelytoappearin .
A.anewspaperadvertisement B.acomputertextbook
C.asciencemagazine D.afinancereport
【考点】考察科普知识类阅读
【文章大意】作者在本文中讲述了一次实验:
使用笔记本电脑记笔记和手动记笔记的学生进行对比。
结果发现手动记笔记的学生表现更好,告诉我们需要进行手动记笔记,而不是使用电脑。
21.【答案】A
【试题解析】细节题。
根据文章第二段第一句Studentsareincreasinglyusinglaptopsfornote-takingbecauseofspeedandlegibility(清晰度).可知学生越来越多使用电脑记笔记是因为速度和清晰度。
也就是说使用笔记本电脑记笔记速度更快,可以记录更多的内容。
故A正确。
22.【答案】B
【试题解析】推理题。
根据第三段Researchersperformedexperimentsthataimedtofindoutwhetherusingalaptopincreasedthetendencytomakenotes“mindlessly”bytakingdownwordforwordwhattheprofessorssaid. 研究人们做实验是为了发现使用笔记本电脑记笔记是否会让人处于一种无意识的状态之中,只是机械地输入。
而实验结果说明用笔记本记录的学生表现不如使用钢笔记录的人。
说明使用笔记本记录的确会让人有mindless的感觉。
故B正确。
23.【答案】B
【试题解析】推理题。
根据文章最后一段Thesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarcnotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.可知手动记笔记对于短期长期记忆都有好处,也就说本文强调我们需要进行手动记笔记,而不是使用电脑。
故B正确。
24.【答案】C
【试题解析】推理题。
本文通过讲述一个实验结论告诉我们手动记笔记对于短期长期记忆都有好处,学生的表现比使用电脑记笔记更好。
不会是广告,电脑教科书也不会是金融报告,这属于教学类的科学研究。
故C正确。
【长难句解析】
1.Anewstudyshowsstudentswhowritenotesbyhandduringlecturesperformbetteronexamsthanthosewhouselaptops。
【翻译】一项新的研究显示上课时手动写笔记的学生在考试中要比使用笔记本电脑的学生表现更好。
【分析】本句中动词show后面宾语从句的引导词that被省略了,这个宾语从句中含有定语从句whowritenotesbyhandduringlectures修饰students;另外一个定语从句whouselaptops修饰those。
2.Thesetwoexperimentssuggestthathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.
【翻译】这两个使用都说明手动写笔记不仅对于即时学习和理解有好处,而且会导致未来的表现更好。
【分析】本句中的动词suggest表示“说明,暗示”,并不是“建议”;另外句中的宾语从句thathandwrittennotesarenotonlybetterforimmediatelearningandunderstanding,butthattheyalsoleadtosuperiorrevisioninthefuture.较长,谓语部分是有notonly…butalso…连接。
B
(Q=Question;A=Answer)
SituationI
Q:
Ifsomeonesitsrightnexttomeinanemptymovietheater,isitrudetomove?
A:
Maybe,butnobodywillfaultyouforit.Chancesarethattheclosesitterdoesn’trealizehedisturbsyou,sohemaymissyourannoyance.Youundoubtedlyaren’tthefirstpersonhe’smetwhoneedsenoughroom.Forgivehisbadjudgment,movequietlyandenjoytheshow.
SituationII
Q:
If1usethebathroomatastore,doIneedtobuysomething?
A:
Considerfrequencyandurgency.Isthisaone-timethingoranemergency?
Ifso,youdon’thavetobuyanything,butitwouldbekindifyoudid.However,ifyouregularlyusethebathroomatthisplace,thenyouarcacustomer,andyoushouldactlikeone.
SituationIII
Q:
Ifsomeoneistalkingloudlyonthebus,isthereaniccwaytoaskhimtokeepitdown?
A:
No.Tryothermeans:
1)Stareathimuntilhegetsawareofitandquietsdown.2)Liftyourfingerinasilencemotion(动作)andsmile.3)Putonearphonesandignorehim.
SituationIV
Q:
IfIremembermyfriend’sbirthdayadaylate,shouldIapologizeorjustwishherahappybirthdaylikenothinghappened?
A:
Thisisthereasonwhythewordbelatedwasinvented.“Happybelatedbirthday!
”isshortfor:
“Well.IknowIforgot,butthenIremembered.Forgivemeandhappybirthday.”
SituationV
Q:
CanIlieaboutseeingatextbecauseIwasloobusyorlazytorespond toit?
A:
Don’tlie.Receivingatextdoesnotmeanyouneedtorespond(回复)toit.Whywasteaperfectlygoodliewhenthetruthwillserve?
“Yes,”youcansayifeverasked,“Isawit.”Noexplanationisneededastowhyyoudon’trespond.
25. Youwillgetannoyedinatheaterwhen .
A. apersonistooactive
B. apersonistoorudetoyou
C. apersontalkstooloudly
D. apersonsitstooclosetoyou
26. Howwillyouquietsomeonedowninapublicplace?
A. Bymakingfunofhimcontinuously.
B. Bylookingpurposefullyathim.
C. Bytalkingtohimdirectly.
D. Bypointingangrilyathim.
27. Theunderlinedword“belated”inSituationIVprobablymeans .
A.prcdictcdB.returned C.cancelled D.delayed
28. Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?
A. Modernwaystomindyourmanners.
B. Differentwaystochangeothers’manners.
C. Propermannerstoofferhelptoothers.
D. Goodmannerstotalktopeople.
【考点】考察教育类阅读
【文章大意】本文中列举了在5种不同的情况下,如何表现得有礼貌的方法。
25.【答案】D
【试题解析】推理题。
根据SituationI中的Q:
Ifsomeonesitsrightnexttomeinanemptymovietheater,isitrudetomove?
A:
Maybe,butnobodywillfaultyouforit.Chancesarethattheclosesitterdoesn’trealizehedisturbsyou。
可知在电影院里,如果有人坐得理你太近,这也许会是一件让人恼怒的事情。
故D正确。
26.【答案】B
【试题解析】细节题。
根据SituationIII中的Stareathimuntilhegetsawareofitandquietsdown可知如果一个人讲话声音太大,你可以瞪着他看,直到他意识到为止。
故B正确。
27.【答案】D
【试题解析】猜测词义题。
根据SituationIV中IfIremembermyfriend’sbirthdayadaylate,和Thisisthereasonwhythewordbelatedwasinvented.可知这是在你忘记了对方的生日之后的补救措施。
故该词应该是指“delayed”迟到的,晚来的。
故D正确。
28.【答案】A
【试题解析】主旨大意题。
本文中列举了在5种不同的情况下,如何表现得有礼貌的方法。
故A正确。
【长难句解析】
Chancesarethattheclosesitterdoesn’trealizehedisturbsyou,sohemaymissyourannoyance.
【翻译】很有可能那个坐得较为靠近的人并没有意识到你打扰到你了,所以他可能没有注意到你生气了。
【分析】本句中有一个固定句式chancesarethat…很可能…;另外动词realize后面含有一个宾语从句hedisturbsyou。
C
Woulditsurpriseyoutolearnthat,likeanimals,treescommunicatewitheachotherandpasson
theirwealthtothenextgeneration?
UBCProfessorSimardexplainshowtreesaremuchmorecomplexthanmostofuseverimagined.AlthoughCharlesDarwinthoughtthattreesarccompetingforsurvivalofthefittest,Simardshowsjusthowwronghewas.Infact,theoppositeistrue:
treessurvivethroughtheirco-operationandsupport,passingaroundnecessarynutrition“dependingonwhoneedsit”.
Nitrogen(氮)andcarbonaresharedthroughmilesofundergroundfungi(真菌)networks,makingsurethatalltreesintheforestecologicalsystemgiveandreceivejusttherightamounttokeepthemallhealthy.Thishiddensystemworksinaverysimilarwaytothenetworksofneurons(神经元)inourbrains,andwhenonetreeisdestroyed,itaffectsall.
Simardtalksabout“mothertrees”,usuallythelargestandoldestplantsonwhichallothertreesdepend.Sheexplainshowdyingtreespassonthewealthtothenextgeneration,transportingimportantmineralstoyoungtreessotheymaycontinuetogrow.Whenhumanscutdown“mothertrees”withnoawarenessofthesehighlycomplex“treesocieties”orthenetworksonwhichtheyfeed,wearereducingthechancesofsurvivalfortheentireforest.
“Wedidn’ttakeanynoticeofit.”Simardsayssadly.“Dyingtreesmovenutritionintotheyoungtreesbeforedying,butwenevergivethemchance.”Ifwecouldputacrossthemessagetotheforestryindustry,wecouldmakeahugedifferencetowardsourenvironmentalprotectioneffortsforthefuture.
29. Theunderlinedsentence“theoppositeistrue”inParagraph2probablymeansthattrees .
A. competeforsurvival
B. protecttheirownwealth
C. dependoneachother
D. providesupportfordyingtrees
30. “Mothertrees”areextremelyimportantbecausethey .
A. lookthelargestinsizeintheforest
B. passonnutritiontoyoungtrees
C. seemmorelikelytobecutdownbyhumans
D. knowmoreaboutthecomplex“treesocieties”
31. Theunderlinedword“it”inthelastparagraphrefersto .
A. how“treesocieties”work
B. howtreesgrowold
C. howforestryindustrydevelops
D. howyoungtreessurvive
32. Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?
A. OldTreesCommunicateLikeHumans
B. YoungTreesAreInNeedOfProtection
C. TreesAreMoreAwesomeThartYouThink
D. TreesContributeToOurSociety
【考点】考察科普知识类阅读
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了森立的树木会通过“treesocieties”把自己的财富交给下一代。
并详细说明了这一发现的具体内容。
29.【答案】C
【试题解析】推理题。
根据本句Altho
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