Cambodian Incursion Address_1篇(共24页)15800字.docx
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Cambodian Incursion Address_1篇(共24页)15800字.docx
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CambodianIncursionAddress
RichardM.Nixon:
CambodianIncursionAddress
GoodeveningmyfellowAmericans.Tendaysago,inmyreporttothenationonVietnam,Iannouncedadecisiontowithdrawanadditional150,000AmericansfromVietnamoverthenextyear.IsaidthenthatIwasmakingthatdecisiondespiteourconcernoverincreasedenemyactivityinLaos,inCambodia,andinSouthVietnam.AndatthattimeIwarnedthatifIconcludedthatincreasedenemyactivityinanyoftheseareasendangeredthelivesofAmericansremaininginVietnam,Iwouldnothesitatetotakestrongandeffectivemeasurestodealwiththatsituation.Despitethatwarning,NorthVietnamhasincreaseditsmilitaryaggressioninalltheseareas,andparticularlyinCambodia.
AfterfullconsultationwiththeNationalSecurityCouncil,AmbassadorBunker,GeneralAbramsandmyotheradvisors,Ihaveconcludedthattheactionsoftheenemyinthelast10daysclearlyendangerthelivesofAmericanswhoareinVietnamnowandwouldconstituteanunacceptablerisktothosewhowillbethereafterwithdrawalofanother150,000.ToprotectourmenwhoareinVietnam,andtoguaranteethecontinuedsuccessofourwithdrawalandVietnamizationprogram,Ihaveconcludedthatthetimehascomeforaction.
Tonight,Ishalldescribetheactionsoftheenemy,theactionsIhaveorderedtodealwiththatsituation,andthereasonsformydecision.
Cambodia--asmallcountryofsevenmillionpeople--hasbeenaneutralnationsincetheGenevaAgreementofXXXX年,anagreement,incidentally,whichwassignedbythegovernmentofNorthVietnam.AmericanpolicysincethenhasbeentoscrupulouslyrespecttheneutralityoftheCambodianpeople.Wehavemaintainedaskeletondiplomaticmissionoffewerthan15inCambodia’scapital,andthatonlysincelastAugust.Forthepreviousfouryears,fromXXXX年toXXXX年,wedidnothaveanydiplomaticmissionwhateverinCambodia,andforthepastfiveyearswehaveprovidednomilitaryassistancewhateverandnoeconomicassistancetoCambodia.
NorthVietnam,however,hasnotrespectedthatneutrality.Forthepastfiveyears,asindicatedonthismap,thatyouseehere,NorthVietnamhasoccupiedmilitarysanctuariesallalongtheCambodianfrontierwithSouthVietnam.Someoftheseextendupto20milesintoCambodia.Thesanctuariesareinred,andasyounote,theyareonbothsidesoftheborder.Theyareusedforhit-and-runattacksonAmericanandSouthVietnameseforcesinSouthVietnam.TheseCommunist-occupiedterritoriescontainmajorbasecamps,trainingsites,logisticsfacilities,weaponsandammunitionfactories,airstrips,andprisonerofwarcompounds.
AndforfiveyearsneithertheUnitedStatesnorSouthVietnamhasmovedagainsttheseenemysanctuariesbecausewedidnotwishtoviolatetheterritoryofaneutralnation.EvenaftertheVietnameseCommunistsbegantoexpandthesesanctuariesfourweeksago,wecounseledpatiencetoourSouthVietnamesealliesandimposedrestraintsonourowncommanders.
Incontrasttoourpolicytheenemyinthepasttwoweekshassteppeduphisguerrillaactions,andheisconcentratinghismainforcesinthesesanctuariesthatyouseeinthismap,wheretheyarebuildinguptolaunchmassiveattacksonourforcesandthoseofSouthVietnam.
NorthVietnaminthelasttwoweekshasstrippedawayallpretenseofrespectingthesovereigntyortheneutralityofCambodia.Thousandsoftheirsoldiersareinvadingthecountryfromthesanctuaries.TheyareencirclingthecapitalofPnompenh.Comingfromthesesanctuaries,asyouseehere,theyhadmovedintoCambodiaandareencirclingthecapital.
Cambodia,asaresultofthis,hassentoutacalltotheUnitedStates,toanumberofothernations,forassistance.Becauseifthisenemyeffortsucceeds,CambodiawouldbecomeavastenemystagingareaandaspringboardforattacksonSouthVietnamalong600milesoffrontier:
arefugewhereenemytroopscouldreturnfromcombatwithoutfearofretaliation.NorthVietnamesemenandsuppliescouldthenbepouredintothatcountry,jeopardizingnotonlythelivesofourownmenbutthepeopleofSouthVietnamaswell.
Nowconfrontedwiththissituationwehadthreeoptions:
First,wecandonothing.Welltheultimateresultofthatcourseofactionisclear.Unlessweindulgeinwishfulthinking,thelivesofAmericansremaininginVietnamafterournextwithdrawalof150,000wouldbegravelythreatened.
Letusgotothemapagain.
HereisSouthVietnam.HereisNorthVietnam.NorthVietnamalreadyoccupiesthispartofLaos.IfNorthVietnamalsooccupiedthiswholebandinCambodia,ortheentirecountry,itwouldmeanthatSouthVietnamwascompletelyoutflankedandtheforcesofAmericansinthisareaaswellastheSouthVietnamesewouldbeinanuntenablemilitaryposition.
OursecondchoiceistoprovidemassivemilitaryassistancetoCambodiaitself.Nowunfortunately,whilewedeeplysympathizewiththeplightofsevenmillionCambodianswhosecountryhasbeeninvaded,massiveamountsofmilitaryassistancecouldnotberapidlyandeffectivelyutilizedbythissmallCambodianArmyagainsttheimmediatetrap.WithothernationsweshalldoourbesttoprovidethesmallarmsandotherequipmentwhichtheCambodianArmyof40,000needsandcanuseforitsdefense.ButtheaidwewillprovidewillbelimitedforthepurposeofenablingCambodiatodefenditsneutralityandnotforthepurposeofmakingitanactivebelligerentononesideortheother.
Ourthirdchoiceistogototheheartofthetrouble.AndthatmeanscleaningoutmajorNorthVietnameseandVietcongoccupiedterritories,thesesanctuarieswhichserveasbasesforattacksonbothCambodiaandAmericanandSouthVietnameseforcesinSouthVietnam.Someofthese,incidentally,areasclosetoSaigonasBaltimoreistoWashington.Thisone,forexample,iscalledtheParrot’sBeak.It’sonly33milesfromSaigon.
Nowfacedwiththesethreeoptions,thisisthedecisionIhavemade.Inco-operationwiththearmedforcesofSouthVietnam,attacksarebeinglaunchedthisweektocleanoutmajorenemysanctuariesontheCambodian-Vietnamborder.AmajorresponsibilityforthegroundoperationsisbeingassumedbySouthVietnameseforces.
Forexample,theattacksinseveralareas,includingtheparrot’sbeakthatIreferredtoamomentago,areexclusivelySouthVietnamesegroundoperations,underSouthVietnamesecommand,withtheUnitedStatesprovidingairandlogisticalsupport.Thereisoneareahowever,immediatelyabovetheparrot’sbeakwhereIhaveconcludedthatacombinedAmericanandSouthVietnameseoperationisnecessary.
Tonight,AmericanandSouthVietnameseunitswillattacktheheadquartersfortheentireCommunistmilitaryoperationinSouthVietnam.ThiskeycontrolcenterhasbeenoccupiedbytheNorthVietnameseandVietcongforfiveyearsinblatantviolationofCambodia’sneutrality.
ThisisnotaninvasionofCambodia.TheareasinwhichtheseattackswillbelaunchedarecompletelyoccupiedandcontrolledbyNorthVietnameseforces.Ourpurposeisnottooccupytheareas.Onceenemyforcesaredrivenoutofthesesanctuaries,andoncetheirmilitarysuppliesaredestroyed,wewillwithdraw.
Theseactionsareinnowaydirectedtosecurityinterestsofanynation.AnygovernmentthatchoosestousetheseactionsasapretextforharmingrelationswiththeUnitedStateswillbedoingsoonitsownresponsibilityandonitsowninitiative,andwewilldrawtheappropriateconclusions.
Andnow,letmegiveyouthereasonsformydecision.AmajorityoftheAmericanpeople,amajorityofyoulisteningtomeareforthewithdrawalofourforcesfromVietnam.TheactionIhavetakentonightisindispensableforthecontinuingsuccessofthatwithdrawalprogram.AmajorityoftheAmericanpeoplewanttoendthiswarratherthantohaveitdragoninterminably.TheactionIhavetakentonightwillservethatpurpose.AmajorityoftheAmericanpeoplewanttokeepthecasualtiesofourbravemeninVietnamatanabsoluteminimum.TheactionItaketonightisessentialifwearetoaccomplishthatgoal.
WetakethisactionnotforthepurposeofexpandingthewarintoCambodia,butforthepurposeofendingthewarinVietnam,andwinningthejustpeacewealldesire.
Wehavemade,wewillcontinuetomakeeverypossibleefforttoendthiswarthroughnegotiationattheconferencetableratherthanthroughmorefightinginthebattlefield.
Let’slookagainattherecord.
WestoppedthebombingofNorthVietnam.Wehavecutairoperationsbyover20percent.We’veannouncedthewithdrawalofover250,000ofourmen.We’veofferedtowithdrawallofourmeniftheywillwithdrawtheirs.We’veofferedtonegotiateallissueswithonlyonecondition:
andthatisthatthefutureofSouthVietnambedetermined,notbyNorthVietnam,andnotbytheUnitedStates,butbythepeopleofSouthVietnamthemselves.
Theansweroftheenemyhasbeenintransigenceattheconferencetable,belligerenceatHanoi,massivemilitaryaggressioninLaosandCambodiaandstepped-upattacksinSouthVietnamdesignedtoincreaseAmericancasualties.
Thisattitudehasbecomeintolerable.
WewillnotreacttothisthreattoAmericanlivesmerelybyplaintive,diplomaticprotests.
Ifwedid,thecredibilityoftheUnitedStateswouldbedestroyedineveryareaoftheworldwhereonlythepoweroftheUnitedStatesdetersaggression.
Tonight,IagainwarntheNorthVietnamesethatiftheycontinuetoescalatethefightingwhentheUnitedStatesiswithdrawingitsforces,IshallmeetmyresponsibilityascommanderinchiefofourarmedforcestotaketheactionIconsidernecessarytodefendthesecurityof
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