Android SDK 安装方法官网原文.docx
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Android SDK 安装方法官网原文.docx
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AndroidSDK安装方法官网原文
InstallingtheSDK
Inthisdocument
1.1.PreparingYourDevelopmentComputer
2.2.DownloadingtheSDKStarterPackage
3.3.InstallingtheADTPluginforEclipse
4.4.AddingPlatformsandOtherComponents
1.AvailableComponents
2.RecommendedComponents
5.5.ExploringtheSDK(Optional)
6.NextSteps
7.Troubleshooting
Seealso
1.ADTPluginforEclipse
2.AddingSDKComponents
ThispagedescribeshowtoinstalltheAndroidSDKandsetupyourdevelopmentenvironmentforthefirsttime.
Ifyouencounteranyproblemsduringinstallation,seetheTroubleshootingsectionatthebottomofthispage.
Updating?
IfyoualreadyhaveanAndroidSDK,usetheAndroidSDKandAVDManagertooltoinstallupdatedtoolsandnewAndroidplatformsintoyourexistingenvironment.Forinformationabouthowtodothat,seeAddingSDKComponents
Step1.PreparingYourDevelopmentComputer
BeforegettingstartedwiththeAndroidSDK,takeamomenttoconfirmthatyourdevelopmentcomputermeetstheSystemRequirements.Inparticular,youmightneedtoinstalltheJDK,ifyoudon'thaveitalready.
IfyouwillbedevelopinginEclipsewiththeAndroidDevelopmentTools(ADT)Plugin—therecommendedpathifyouarenewtoAndroid—makesurethatyouhaveasuitableversionofEclipseinstalledonyourcomputer(3.4ornewerisrecommended).IfyouneedtoinstallEclipse,youcandownloaditfromthislocation:
http:
//www.eclipse.org/downloads/
ForEclipse3.5ornewer,the"EclipseClassic"versionisrecommended.Otherwise,aJavaorRCPversionofEclipseisrecommended.
Step2.DownloadingtheSDKStarterPackage
TheSDKstarterpackageisnotafulldevelopmentenvironment—itincludesonlythecoreSDKTools,whichyoucanusetodownloadtherestoftheSDKcomponents(suchasthelatestAndroidplatform).
Ifyouhaven'talready,getthelatestversionoftheSDKstarterpackagefromtheSDKdownloadpage.
Ifyoudownloadeda.zipor.tgzpackage(insteadoftheSDKinstaller),unpackittoasafelocationonyourmachine.Bydefault,theSDKfilesareunpackedintoadirectorynamedandroid-sdk-
IfyoudownloadedtheWindowsinstaller(.exefile),runitnowanditwillcheckwhethertheproperJavaSEDevelopmentKit(JDK)isinstalled(installingit,ifnecessary),theninstalltheSDKToolsintoadefaultlocation(whichyoucanmodify).
MakeanoteofthenameandlocationoftheSDKdirectoryonyoursystem—youwillneedtorefertotheSDKdirectorylater,whensettinguptheADTpluginandwhenusingtheSDKtoolsfromcommandline.
Step3.InstallingtheADTPluginforEclipse
AndroidoffersacustompluginfortheEclipseIDE,calledAndroidDevelopmentTools(ADT),thatisdesignedtogiveyouapowerful,integratedenvironmentinwhichtobuildAndroidapplications.ItextendsthecapabilitesofEclipsetoletyouquicklysetupnewAndroidprojects,createanapplicationUI,debugyourapplicationsusingtheAndroidSDKtools,andevenexportsigned(orunsigned)APKsinordertodistributeyourapplication.Ingeneral,developinginEclipsewithADTisahighlyrecommendedapproachandisthefastestwaytogetstartedwithAndroid.
Ifyou'dliketouseADTfordevelopingAndroidapplications,installitnow.ReadInstallingtheADTPluginforstep-by-stepinstallationinstructions,thenreturnheretocontinuethelaststepinsettingupyourAndroidSDK.
IfyouprefertoworkinadifferentIDE,youdonotneedtoinstallEclipseorADT,instead,youcandirectlyusetheSDKtoolstobuildanddebugyourapplication.ThedeveloperguidehasmoreinformationaboutDevelopinginOtherIDEs.
Step4.AddingPlatformsandOtherComponents
ThelaststepinsettingupyourSDKisusingtheAndroidSDKandAVDManager(atoolincludedintheSDKstarterpackage)todownloadessentialSDKcomponentsintoyourdevelopmentenvironment.
TheSDKusesamodularstructurethatseparatesthemajorpartsoftheSDK—Androidplatformversions,add-ons,tools,samples,anddocumentation—intoasetofseparatelyinstallablecomponents.TheSDKstarterpackage,whichyou'vealreadydownloaded,includesonlyasinglecomponent:
thelatestversionoftheSDKTools.TodevelopanAndroidapplication,youalsoneedtodownloadatleastoneAndroidplatformandtheSDKPlatform-tools(toolsthatthelatestplatformdependupon).However,downloadingadditionalcomponentsishighlyrecommended.
IfyouusedtheWindowsinstaller,whenyoucompletetheinstallationwizard,itwilllaunchtheAndroidSDKandAVDManagerwithadefaultsetofplatformsandothercomponentsselectedforyoutoinstall.SimplyclickInstalltoaccepttherecommendedsetofcomponentsandinstallthem.YoucanthenskiptoStep5,butwerecommendyoufirstreadthesectionabouttheAvailableComponentstobetterunderstandthecomponentsavailablefromtheAndroidSDKandAVDManager.
YoucanlaunchtheAndroidSDKandAVDManagerinoneofthefollowingways:
∙FromwithinEclipse,selectWindow>AndroidSDKandAVDManager.
∙OnWindows,double-clicktheSDKManager.extfileattherootoftheAndroidSDKdirectory.
∙OnMacorLinux,openaterminalandnavigatetothetools/directoryintheAndroidSDK,thenexecute:
android
Todownloadcomponents,usethegraphicalUIoftheAndroidSDKandAVDManager,showninFigure1,tobrowsetheSDKrepositoryandselectneworupdatedcomponents.TheAndroidSDKandAVDManagerwillinstalltheselectedcomponentsinyourSDKenvironment.Forinformationaboutwhichcomponentsyoushoulddownload,seethefollowingsectionaboutRecommendedComponents.
Figure1.TheAndroidSDKandAVDManager'sAvailablePackagespanel,whichshowstheSDKcomponentsthatareavailableforyoutodownloadintoyourenvironment.
AvailableComponents
Bydefault,therearetworepositoriesofcomponentsforyourSDK:
AndroidRepositoryandThirdpartyAdd-ons.
TheAndroidRepositoryoffersthesetypesofcomponents:
∙SDKTools(pre-installedintheAndroidSDKstarterpackage)—Containstoolsfordebuggingandtestingyourapplicationandotherutilitytools.Youcanaccesstheseinthe
∙SDKPlatform-tools—Containstoolsthatarerequiredtodevelopanddebugyourapplication,butwhicharedevelopedalongsidetheAndroidplatforminordertosupportthelatestfeatures.Thesetoolsaretypicallyupdatedonlywhenanewplatformbecomesavailable.Youcanaccesstheseinthe
∙Androidplatforms—AnSDKplatformisavailableforeveryproductionAndroidplatformdeployabletoAndroid-powereddevices.EachplatformcomponentincludesafullycompliantAndroidlibraryandsystemimage,samplecode,emulatorskins,andanyversionspecifictools.Fordetailedinformationabouteachplatform,seetheoverviewdocumentsavailableunderthesection"DownloadableSDKComponents,"atleft.
∙USBDriverforWindows(Windowsonly)—ContainsdriverfilesthatyoucaninstallonyourWindowscomputer,sothatyoucanrunanddebugyourapplicationsonanactualdevice.YoudonotneedtheUSBdriverunlessyouplantodebugyourapplicationonanactualAndroid-powereddevice.IfyoudeveloponMacOSXorLinux,youdonotneedaspecialdrivertodebugyourapplicationonanAndroid-powereddevice.(SeeDevelopingonaDeviceformoreinformationaboutdevelopingonarealdevice.)
∙Samples—ContainsthesamplecodeandappsavailableforeachAndroiddevelopmentplatform.IfyouarejustgettingstartedwithAndroiddevelopment,makesuretodownloadthesamplestoyourSDK.
∙Documentation—ContainsalocalcopyofthelatestmultiversiondocumentationfortheAndroidframeworkAPI.
TheThirdpartyAdd-onsprovidecomponentsthatallowyoutocreateadevelopmentenvironmentusingaspecificAndroidexternallibrary(suchastheGoogleMapslibrary)oracustomized(butfullycompliant)Androidsystemimage.YoucanaddadditionalAdd-onrepositories,byclickingAddAdd-onSite.
RecommendedComponents
TheSDKrepositorycontainsarangeofcomponentsthatyoucandownload.Usethetablebelowtodeterminewhichcomponentsyouneed,basedonwhetheryouwanttosetupabasic,recommended,orfulldevelopmentenvironment:
Environment
SDK Component
Comments
Basic
SDKTools
Ifyou'vejustinstalledtheSDKstarterpackage,thenyoualreadyhavethelatestversionofthiscomponent.TheSDKToolscomponentisrequiredtodevelopanAndroidapplication.Makesureyoukeepthisuptodate.
SDKPlatform-tools
Thisincludesmoretoolsthatarerequiredforapplicationdevelopment.Thesetoolsareplatform-dependentandtypicallyupdateonlywhenanewSDKplatformismadeavailable,inordertosupportnewfeaturesintheplatform.Thesetoolsarealwaysbackwardcompatiblewitholderplatforms,butyoumustbesurethatyouhavethelatestversionofthesetoolswhenyouinstallanewSDKplatform.
SDKplatform
Youneedtodownloadatleastoneplatformintoyourenvironment,sothatyouwillbeabletocompileyourapplicationandsetupanAndroidVirtualDevice(AVD)toruniton(intheemulator).Tostartwith,justdownloadthelatestversionoftheplatform.Later,ifyouplantopublishyourapplication,youwillwanttodownloadotherplatformsaswell,sothatyoucantestyourapplicationonthefullrangeofAndroidplatformversionsthatyourapplicationsupports.
+
Recommended
(plusBasic)
Documentation
TheDocumentationcomponentisusefulbecauseitletsyouworkofflineandalsolookupAPIreferenceinformationfrominsideEclipse.
Samples
TheSamplescomponentsgiveyousourc
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