英语四级三套阅读题集合.docx
- 文档编号:12372277
- 上传时间:2023-06-05
- 格式:DOCX
- 页数:29
- 大小:48.57KB
英语四级三套阅读题集合.docx
《英语四级三套阅读题集合.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《英语四级三套阅读题集合.docx(29页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
英语四级三套阅读题集合
2016年6月大学英语四级真题(第1套)
Part
Writing
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstoyourparentsoranyfamilymembersuponmakingmemorableachievement.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.
Part
ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Physicalactivitydoesthebodygood,andthere’sgrowingevidencethatithelpsthebraintoo.ResearchersintheNetherlandsreportthatchildrenwhogetmoreexercise,whetheratschoolorontheirown,26tohavehigherGPAsandbetterscoresonstandardizedtests.Ina27of14studiesthatlookedatphysicalactivityandacademic28investigatorsfoundthatthemorechildrenmoved,thebettertheirgradeswereinschool,29inthebasicsubjectsofmath,Englishandreading.
Thedatawillcertainlyfueltheongoingdebateoverwhetherphysicaleducationclassesshouldbecutasschoolsstruggleto30onsmallerbudgets.Theargumentsagainstphysicaleducationhaveincludedconcernsthatgymtimemaybetakingawayfromstudytime.WithstandardizedtestscoresintheU.S.31inrecentyears,someadministratorsbelievestudentsneedtospendmoretimeintheclassroominsteadofontheplayground.Butasthesefindingsshow,exerciseandacademicsmaynotbe32exclusive.Physicalactivitycanimproveblood33tothebrain,fuelingmemory,attentionandcreativity,whichare34tolearning.Andexercisereleaseshormonesthatcanimprove35andrelievestress,whichcanalsohelplearning.Sowhileitmayseemasifkidsarejustexercisingtheirbodieswhenthey’rerunningaround,theymayactuallybeexercisingtheirbrainsaswell.
A)attendance E)droppingI)moodM)review
B)consequentlyF)essentialJ)mutuallyN)survive
C)current G)feasibleK)particularlyO)tend
D)depressing H)flowL)performance
SectionB
FindingtheRightHome—andContentment,Too
[A]Whenyourelderlyrelativeneedstoentersomesortoflong-termcarefacility—amomentfewparentsorchildrenapproachwithoutfear—whatyouwouldlikeistohaveeverythingmadeclear.
[B]Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome,orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesigners?
Arenursinghomesasbadaspeoplefear,oristhatanout-modedstereotype(固定看法)?
Candoingone’shomeworkreallysteerfamiliestothebestplaces?
Itisgenuinelyhardtoknow.
[C]Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlivesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed.Andthatthecharacteristicsadultchildrenlookforwhentheybeginthesearcharenotnecessarilythethingsthatmakeadifferencetothepeoplewhoaregoingtomovein.Iamnottalkingaboutthequalityofcare,letmehastilyadd.Nobodyflourishesinagloomyenvironmentwithirresponsiblestaffandapoorsafetyrecord.Butanaccumulatingbodyofresearchindicatesthatsomedistinctionsbetweenonetypeofeldercareandanotherhavelittlerealbearingonhowwellresidentsdo.
[D]Themostrecentofthesestudies,publishedinThejournalofAppliedGerontology,surveyed150Connecticutresidentsofassistedliving,nursinghomesandsmallerresidentialcarehomes(knowninsomestatesasboardandcarehomesoradultcarehomes).ResearchersfromtheUniversityofConnecticutHealthCenteraskedtheresidentsalargenumberofquestionsabouttheirqualityoflife,emotionalwell-beingandsocialinteraction,aswellasaboutthequalityofthefacilities.
[E]“Wethoughtwewouldseedifferencesbasedonthehousingtypes,”saidtheleadauthorofthestudy,JulieRobison,anassociateprofessorofmedicineattheuniversity.Areasonableassumption—don’tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan’t?
[F]Intheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities,forinstance,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely.Theyscoredhigheronsocialinteraction.
[G]Butwhentheresearcherspluggedinanumberofothervariables,suchdifferencesdisappeared.Itisnotthehousingtype,theyfound,thatcreatesdifferencesinresidents’responses.“Itisthecharacteristicsofthespecificenvironmenttheyarein,combinedwiththeirownpersonalcharacteristics—howhealthytheyfeeltheyare,theirageandmaritalstatus,”Dr.Robisonexplained.Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant.
[H]Anelderlypersonwhodescribesherselfasinpoorhealth,therefore,mightbenolessdepressedinassistedliving(evenifherchildrenpreferredit)thaninanursinghome.Apersonwhobadinputintowherehewouldmoveandhashadtimetoadapttoitmightdoaswellinanursinghomeasinasmallresidentialcarehome,otherfactorsbeingequal.Itisaninteractionbetweenthepersonandtheplace,notthesortofplaceinitself,thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences.“Youcan’tjustsay,‘Let’sputthispersoninaresidentialcarehomeinsteadofanursinghome—shewillbemuchbetteroff,”Dr.Robisonsaid.Whatmatters,sheadded,“isacombinationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththem,andwhattheyfindthere.”
[I]Suchfindings,whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore.Inamulti-statestudyofassistedliving,forinstance,UniversityofNorthCarolinaresearchersfoundthatahostofvariables—thefacility’stype,sizeorage;whetherachainownedit;howattractivetheneighborhoodwas—hadnosignificantrelationshiptohowtheresidentsfaredintermsofillness,mentaldecline,hospitalizationsormortality.Whatmatteredmostwastheresidents’physicalhealthandmentalstatus.Whatpeoplewerelikewhentheycameinhadgreaterconsequencethanwhathappenedonetheywerethere.
[J]AsIwasconsideringallthis,apressreleasefromarespectedresearchfirmcrossedmydesk,announcingthatthefive-starratingsystemthatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare.Asamatteroffact,consumersexpressedhighersatisfactionwiththeone-starfacilities,thelowestrated,thanwiththefive-starones.(Moreonthisstudyandthestarratingswillappearinasubsequentpost.)
[K]Beforewecollectivelytearourhairout—howarewesupposedtofindourwayinalandscapethisconfusing?
—hereisathoughtfromDr.PhilipSloane,ageriatrician(老年病学专家)attheUniversityofNorthCarolina:
”Inaway,thatcouldbeliberatingforfamilies.”
[L]Ofcourse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies,anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties.Butperhapstheydon’thavetoturnthemselvesintoprivateinvestigatorsorCongressionalsubcommittees.“Familiescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy,”Dr.Sloanesaid.Andinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbeveryimportant.
[M]Weallhaveourownideasaboutwhatwouldbringourparentshappiness.Theyhavetheirideas,too.Afriendrecentlytookhermothertovisitanexpensiveassistedliving/nursinghomenearmytown.Ihaveseenthisplace—itiselegant,insideandout.Butnobodygreetedthedaughterandmotherwhentheyarrived,thoughthevisithadbeenplanned;nobodyintroducedthemtotheotherresidents.Whentheyhadlunchinthediningroom,theysataloneatatable.
[N]Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere,andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamorewelcomingfacility.Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch,thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision.
36.Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaplaceotherthananursinghomefortheirparents.
37.Thoughithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities,involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportant.
38.Itisreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursinghome.
39.Howaresidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein.
40.Theauthorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableplaceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome.
41.ThesystemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryplace.
42.Atfirsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinteraction.
43.Whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink.
44.Thefindingsofthelatestresearchweresimilartoanearliermulti-statestudyofassistedliving.
45.Aresident’ssatisfactionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontomoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere.
SectionC
PassageOne
AsArtificialIntelligence(AI)becomesincreasinglysophisticated,therearegrowingconcernsthatrobotscouldbecomeathreat.Thisdangercanbeavoided,accordingtocomputerscienceprofessorStuartRussell,ifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode.
Russellarguesthatasrobotstakeonmorecomplicatedtasks,it’snecessarytotranslateourmoralsintoAIlanguage.
Forexample,ifarobotdoeschoresaroundthehouse,youwouldn’twantittoputthepetcatintheoventomakedinnerforthehungrychildren.“Youwouldwantthatrobotpreloadedwithagoodsetofvalues,”saidRussell.
Somerobotsarealreadyprogrammedwithbasichumanvalues.Forexample,mobilerobotshaveb
- 配套讲稿:
如PPT文件的首页显示word图标,表示该PPT已包含配套word讲稿。双击word图标可打开word文档。
- 特殊限制:
部分文档作品中含有的国旗、国徽等图片,仅作为作品整体效果示例展示,禁止商用。设计者仅对作品中独创性部分享有著作权。
- 关 键 词:
- 英语四 级三套 阅读 集合