目的论视角下的文化词翻译策略.docx
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目的论视角下的文化词翻译策略.docx
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目的论视角下的文化词翻译策略
英语专业学士学位毕业论文
(2013届)
论文题目(英文)OntheTranslationStrategiesofCulturalWords
FromthePerspectiveofSkoposTheory
(中文)目的论视角下的文化词翻译策略
姓名:
江嘉伟
学号:
09208050155
指导老师1:
何静秋职称:
讲师
指导教师2:
职称:
______
提交日期:
2013年6月3日
广东医学院外语教学部制
ORIGINALITYRESEARCHSTATEMENT
论文原创声明
Inlightoftheprinciplesofacademicmoralsandethnics,IherebydeclarethatthisthesisrepresentstheoriginalresearcheffortthatIhavemadeontheadviceofmyacademicsupervisor.Tothebestofmyknowledge,noportionofthisthesishasbeencitedwithoutbeingproperlyreferenced,andwhoeverhascontributedtothisthesisisexplicitlyidentifiedandappreciatedintheacknowledgementssection.Iamfullyresponsibleforanybreachofthecopyrightlawthatmightarise.
根据学术道德规范,本人承诺如下:
本论文由本人在导师的指导下独立完成。
据本人所知,本论文所引用部分均已注明出处,对论文有帮助的人员均已在鸣谢部分阐明,不存在侵犯知识产权的文字。
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签名Signature:
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Acknowledgements
Firstandforemost,withthehelpofmytutorMissHeJingQiu,arespectableandresourcefulscholarwhohasguidedmeineverystageofthewritingofthisthesis,Ifinallyfinishthispaperwithinfoursmouths.Inevitable,therearealotofdifficultiesandtroublesIhavegotduringthetimewhenI’mwritingthispaper,however,withunflaggingpatience,mytutoralwaysteachesmehowtowritethispaperandhelpsmetosolveeverykindofproblemsIhavemet.Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetomyrespectabletutor.
Secondly,Iamgoingtothankotherteachersinforeignlanguageteachingandresearchsectionandthankforthehelpofmyclassmatesandmyroommates.TheymakemerealizehowmuchIlackinfulfillingmyself.
Finally,myappreciationgoestomybelovedfamilyfortheirunderstandingsandsupportsonmeinfinishingthisproject.
Abstract
Cultureandlanguageareinteractedbecausecultureisthesourceoflanguageandlanguageisthecontainerofculture.Theculturalinformationinlanguageisembodiedbyculturalterms.Howtocommunicateeffectivelywithforeigners,whohavedifferentculturalbackground,becomespeople’smainproblemwhencommunicatingwithpeopleofdifferentculture.Overcomingthedifficultyofculturallanguageisnotsoeasybecauseofsuchfactorsasbelief,religions,thinkingpatterns,history,traditionsandcustoms.Nevertheless,translationisonespecialkindofcross-culturalcommunication.Hence,itisnecessarytopayattentiontotranslationofculturalwordssothattheculturalgapcouldbesolved.Accordingtothe“Skoposrule”ofSkopostheorie,anytranslationactionisdeterminedbythepurposeoftranslation.Intheprocessoftranslation,thereceiverisanimportantfactorthatatranslatorshouldconsider.Skopostheoriebreaksthetraditionalequivalentconceptandefficientlyguidesthetranslatortoapplytranslationskillsandstrategiestoachievetranslationpurposeindealingwithcross-culturaltranslatortorealizefunctionandpurposeoftargettext,achievingtheexpectedfunctionoftargetversiontobeacceptedeasilybythereader.Therefore,thepaperpresentsfourstrategiesofculturalwordtranslation:
Liberaltranslation,Literaltranslation,annotationsandapplicationofidioms.
Keywords:
culturalword;translationstrategy;Skopostheorie
摘要
语言和文化是相互影响相互作用的。
文化是语言的源泉,语言是文化的载体。
语言中的文化信息是通过词语体现出来的。
然而,随着经济的发展,不同国家之间的语言交流变得越来越频繁。
如何用语言去准确的表达意思成为不同国家之间人民十分关心的事项。
克服语言交流时候文化差异所带来的障碍并不是很简单的事情,因为每个国家都存在着自己的思维方式、信仰、宗教、利是、传统。
然而,翻译作为一种特殊的国际交流,必须受到重视。
解决翻译中难以理解的文化差异现象成为重要的研究话题。
而根据翻译目的论的“目的准则”,任何翻译行为都是由翻译的目的决定的,在翻译过程中受众是译者需要考虑的重要因素。
翻译目的论打破了传统等值观的限制,能有效指导译者实现译文功能的最终目标,并为多种翻译技巧和翻译策略服务。
因此,在翻译目的论指导下,文化词的翻译方法我会采取:
意译、直译、直译加注法、套用译语的成语或习语。
这些策略可以有助于产生易被读者接受的译文,最终实现译文的预期功能。
关键词:
文化词;翻译技巧;目的论
Contents
1Introduction8
1.1BackgroundoftheResearch8
1.2PurposeandSignificanceoftheStudy8
1.3OutlineoftheThesis9
2LiteratureReview10
2.1TheDevelopmentofCulturalWord10
2.2TheDevelopmentofSkopostheorie11
2.3RelatedStudies12
2.3.1ResearchAbord12
2.3.2ResearchinChina13
3TheoreticalFrameworks14
3.1IntroductionofSkopostheorie14
3.2IntroductionofCulturalWordandCulture-loadedWord15
3.2.1CulturalWord15
3.2.2Culture-loadedWord16
3.3PhenomenonofCulturalWordRealizedbySkopostheorie16
3.3.1Thephenomenonofover-loadedtranslation.16
3.3.2Thephenomenonofunder-loadedtranslation.17
4TranslationStrategiesofCulturalWord19
4.1Liberaltranslation20
4.2LiteralTranslation21
4.3Annotation22
4.4Applicationofidioms23
5Conclusions25
5.1Summary25
5.2Limitation25
5.3FutureExpectation26
目录
1引言8
1.1研究背景8
1.2目的与意义8
1.3论文结构9
2文献综述10
2.1文化词概念的发展10
2.2目的论的发展11
2.3相关文献12
2.3.1国外研究情况12
2.3.2国内研究情况13
3理论框架14
3.1目的论的定义14
3.2文化词和文化含义词的定义15
3.2.1文化词的定义15
3.2.2文化含义词的定义16
3.3用目的论分析文化词的翻译现象16
3.3.1超载翻译.16
3.3.2负载翻译.17
4目的论指导下的文化词翻译策略19
4.1意译法20
4.2直译法21
4.3注释法22
4.4方言应用法23
5结论25
5.1研究总结25
5.2研究局限25
5.3研究展望26
1Introduction
1.1BackgroundoftheResearch
Recently,withthemutualpenetrationofthepolitics,economy,cultureanddailylifebetweentwocountries,agreatnumbersofspecialEnglishwordshavebeenintroducedintoChina.SomewordsarehardlyunderstoodbecausethemeaningsofthewordscannotbetranslatedstraightlybyChinese,becausetherearenotabsolutelyrequivalentculturesbetweentwodifferentcountries.Thesekindsofwordsarecalledculturalwordandculture-loadedword.Itmakespeoplemoreandmoredifficulttocommunicatewithforeignersandmakesthetranslatorsmoreandmoreconfusetotranslateinrightway.Arethereanywaystohelppeopletounderstandthemeaningofculturalwordseasily?
Arethereanyeffectivewaystotranslateculturalwordsappropriately?
Howtosolvethemistakes?
Wecan’tturnablindeyetoallthesequestions.
1.2PurposeandSignificanceoftheStudy
Itisnecessarytopayattentiontotherelationanddevelopmentoflanguageswhenlearningoneforeignlanguageorusingonekindofmothertongue.Itisimportanttoknowwhatculturewordrefertowhilelearningforeignlanguageandcommunicatingwithforeigners.Wordsarethelowest,smallest,independent,andmeaningfullinguisticunitoflanguage.Nowadays,therearemanystudiesonculturalinfluenceuponlanguagesfromlexicalaspect.Thispaperintendstodrawontheexperienceofthepredecessors,tryingtoanalyzetheculturalinfluenceonwordmeaningandintroducesomestrategiestotranslatetheculturalwordsunderSkopostheorieinordertoavoidmisunderstandingofculturalwordsininterculturalcommunicationandbetterenrichthenationalcultureandpromoteinter-ethniccommunication,eliminatebarrierswhilecommunicatingwitheachother.
1.3OutlineoftheThesis
Thispaperisdividedintofiveparts.
Chapteroneistheintroductionpart,inwhichtheauthortriestoexplainthebackgroundoftheresearchandthethepurposeandsignificanceofthestudy,andintroducethestructureofthispaper.
Chaptertwoisliteraturereview,inwhichtheauthorexplainsthedevelopmentofculturalwordandSkopostheorie.Besides,theauthortriestointroducethestudyabouttranslationofculturalwordsandanalyzestheadvantagesanddisadvantagesintheirstudy.
Chapterthreeisthedefinitionpart,inwhichtheauthorlistsallthedefinitionoftherelatedtermsandintroducestwocommonphenomenonofculturalwordtranslation.
Chapterfouriscomposedoftwoparts,focusingontheapplicationofSkoposTheorytotranslationofculturalwords.
Chapterfivecametotheconclusionaboutthemainfindingsabove,limitationsofthethesisandsuggestionsforfurtherstudy.
2LiteratureReview
2.1TheDevelopmentofCulturalWord
Culturalandinterculturalawarenessthatriseoutofexperienceofculture,aremuchmorecomplicatedphenomenathanitmaybeseemedtothetranslator.Themoreatranslatorisawareofcomplexitiesofdifferencesbetweencultures,thebetteratranslatorwhowillbe.Itisprobablyrighttosaythattherehasneverbeenatimewhenthecommunityoftranslatorswasunawareofculturaldifferencesandtheirsignificancefortranslation.TranslationtheoristshavebeencognizantoftheproblemsattendantuponculturalknowledgeandculturaldifferencesatleastsinceancientRome.Culturalknowledgeandculturaldifferenceshavebeenamajorfocusoftranslatortrainingandtranslationtheory.Themainconcernhastraditionallybeenwithwordsandphrasesthataresoheavilyandexclusivelygroundedinoneculturethattheyarealmostimpossibletotranslateintotheterms.Excitingdebatehasbeenheldoverwhentoliberaltranslation,whentouseliteraltranslation,whentocreateanewwordbytranslatingliterallyandsoon.Allthese“untranslatable”culturalwordsandphrasescontinuedtofascinatetranslatorsandtranslationtheorists.
TheideaofculturalwordwasfirstputforwardbyC.F.Hockettinthe1950s,whowasthelinguistinAmerica,andhedefinedculturalwordas‘randomholesinpatterns’whenmakingacontrastofgrammaticalpatternswithintwodifferentlanguages.Andthen,thisideaattractedmoreandmoreattentionbylinguists,suchasL.S.Barhudarov,thetranslationtheoristofFormerSovietUnionandtheRussianscholar,IU.Sorokinmadeastudyofdiscourseandnationalculturaltraits,thenputforththetheory“culturalvacancy”inthe1980s,andaftermanyyearshisanalysisandresearchesofthetheorycameintobeing.
Dynamic-equivalencetranslationtheorywhichputforwardbyEugeneA.Nidahaspresentedsomerequestonthenaturaldegreeandstylesoftranslation,thethreeessentialtermsofhistheory:
equivalent,naturalandclosesthavemadegreatcontributionstotranslation,howev
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