大学英语四级考试真题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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大学英语四级考试真题及答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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Supposeaforeignfriendofyoursiscomingtovisityourhometown,whatisthemostinterestingplaceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy?
PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)
SectionA
Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Globalwarmingisatrendtowardwarmerconditionsaroundtheworld.Partofthewarmingisnatural;
wehaveexperienceda20,000-year-longwarmingasthelasticeageendedandtheice36away.However,wehavealreadyreachedtemperaturesthatarein37withotherminimum-iceperiods,socontinuedwarmingislikelynotnatural.Weare38toapredictedworldwideincreaseintemperatures39between1℃and6℃overthenext100years.Thewarmingwillbemore40insomeareas,lessinothers,andsomeplacesmayevencooloff.Likewise,the41ofthiswarmingwillbeverydifferentdependingonwhereyouare—coastalareasmustworryaboutrisingsealevels,whileSiberiaandnorthernCanadamaybecomemorehabitable(宜居的)and42forhumansthantheseareasarenow.
Thefactremains,however,thatitwilllikelygetwarmer,on43,everywhere.Scientistsareingeneralagreementthatthewarmerconditionswehavebeenexperiencingareatleastinparttheresultofahuman-inducedglobalwarmingtrend.Somescientists44thatthechangesweareseeingfallwithintherangeofrandom(无规律的)variation—someyearsarecold,otherswarm,andwehavejusthadanunremarkablestringofwarmyears45—butthatisbecominganincreasinglyrareinterpretationinthefaceofcontinuedandincreasingwarmconditions.
注意:
此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
(A)appealing(B)average(C)contributing(D)dramatic
(E)frequently(F)impact(G)line(H)maintain
(I)melted(J)persist(K)ranging(L)recently
(M)resolved(N)sensible(O)shock
SectionB
Directions:
Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.EachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphsIdentifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.
TheEndoftheBook?
[A]Amazon,byfarthelargestbooksellerinthecountry,reportedonMay19thatitisnowsellingmorebooksinitselectronicKindleformatthanintheoldpaper-and-inkformat.Thatisremarkable,consideringthattheKindlehasonlybeenaroundforfouryears.E-booksnowaccountfor14percentofallbooksalesinthecountryandareincreasingfarfasterthanoverallbooksales.E-booksalesareup146percentoverlastyear,whilehardbacksalesincreased6percentandpaperbacksdecreased8percent.
[B]Doesthisspellthedoomofthephysicalbook?
Certainlynotimmediately,andperhapsnotatall.WhatitdoesmeanisthatthebookbusinesswillgothroughatransformationinthenextdecadeorsomoreprofoundthananyithasseensinceGutenbergintroducedprintingfrommoveabletypeinthe1450s.
[C]Physicalbookswillsurelybecomemuchrarerinthemarketplace.Massmarketpaperbacks,whichhavebeendecliningforyearsanyway,willprobablydisappear,aswillhardbacksformysteries,thrillers,“romancefiction,”etc.Suchbooks,whichonlyrarelyendupinpermanentcollections,eitherprivateorpublic,willprobablyonlybeavailablease-bookswithinafewyears.Hardbackandtradepaperbacksfor“serious”nonfictionandfictionwillsurelylastlonger.Perhapsitwillbecomethemarkofanauthortoreckonwiththatheorsheisstillpublishedinhardcopy.
[D]Asforchildren’sbooks,whoknows?
Children’sbooksarelikedogfoodinthatthepurchasersarenottheconsumers,sothemarket(andthemarketing)isinherentlystrange.
[E]Forcluestothebook’sfuture,let’slookatsomeexamplesoftechnologicalchangeandseewhathappenedtotheoldtechnology.
[F]Onetechnologyreplacesanotheronlybecausethenewtechnologyisbetter,cheaper,orboth.Thegreaterthedifference,thesoonerandmorethoroughlythenewtechnologyreplacestheold.Printingwithmoveabletypeonpaperdramaticallyreducedthecostofproducingabookcomparedwiththeold-fashionedoneshandwrittenonvellum,whichcomesfromsheepskin.ABible—tobesure,alongbook—requiredvellummadefrom300sheepskinsandcountlessman-hoursoflabor.Beforeprintingarrived,aBiblecostmorethanamiddle-classhouse.Therewereperhaps50,000booksinallofEuropein1450.By1500therewere10million.
[G]Butwhileprintingquicklycausedthehandwrittenbooktodieout,handwritinglingeredon(继续存在)wellintothe16thcentury.Veryspecialbooksarestilloccasionallyproducedonvellum,buttheyareone-of-a-kindshowpieces.
[H]Sometimesanewtechnologydoesn’tdrivetheoldoneout,butonlypartsofitwhileforcingtheresttoevolve.Themovieswerewidelypredictedtodrivelivetheateroutofthemarketplace,buttheydidn’t,becausetheaterturnedouttohavequalitiesmoviescouldnotreproduce.Equally,TVwassupposedtoreplacemoviesbut,again,didnot.
[I]Moviesdid,however,fatallyimpactsomepartsoflivetheater.AndwhileTVdidn’tkillmovies,itdidkillsecond-ratepictures,shorts,andcartoons.
[J]NordidTVkillradio.Comedyanddramashows(“JackBenny,”“AmosandAndy,”“TheShadow”)allmigratedtotelevision.Butbecauseyoucan’tdriveacarandwatchtelevisionatthesametime,rushhourbecameradio’sprime,whilemusic,talk,andnewsradiogreatlyenlargedtheiraudiences.Radioistodayaverydifferentbusinessthaninthelate1940sandamuchlargerone.
[K]Sometimesoldtechnologylingersforcenturiesbecauseofitssymbolicpower.Mountedcavalry(骑兵)replacedthechariot(二轮战车)onthebattlefieldaround1000BC.ButchariotsmaintainedtheirplaceinparadesandtriumphsrightupuntiltheendoftheRomanEmpire1,500yearslater.Theswordhasn’thadamilitaryfunctionforahundredyears,butisstillpartofanofficer’sfull-dressuniform,preciselybecauseaswordalwayssymbolized“anofficerandagentleman.”
[L]Sometimesnewtechnologyisalittlecranky(不稳定的)atfirst.Televisionrepairmanwasacommonoccupationinthe1950s,forinstance.Andsotheoldtechnologyremainsasabackup.SteamshipscapturedtheNorthAtlanticpassengerbusinessfromsailinthe1840sbecauseofitsmuchgreaterspeed.Butsteamshipsdidn’tlosetheirsailsuntilthe1880s,becauseearlymarineengineshadanastyhabitofbreakingdown.Untilshipsbecamelargeenough(andenginessmallenough)tomounttwoenginessidebyside,theyneededtokeepsails.(Thehighcostofsteamandthelesserneedforspeedkeptthemajorityoftheworld’soceanfreightmovingbysailuntiltheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury.)
[M]Thenthereisthefireplace.Centralheatingwaspresentineveryupper-andmiddle-classhomebythesecondhalfofthe19thcentury.Butfunctioningfireplacesremaintothisdayapowerfulsellingpointinahouseorapartment.Isuspectthereasonisadeep-rootedloveofthefire.Firewasoneoftheearliestmajortechnologicaladvancesforhumankind,providingheat,protection,andcookedfood(whichismucheasiertocatanddigest).Humancontroloffiregoesbackfarenough(overamillionyears)thatevolutioncouldhaveproducedageneticleaningtowardsfireasacentralaspectofhumanlife.
[N]Books—especiallybookstheaveragepersoncouldafford—haven’tbeenaroundlongenoughtoproduceevolutionarychangeinhumans.Buttheyhaveapowerfulholdonmanypeoplenonetheless,aholdextendingfarbeyondtheirliterarycontent.Attheirbest,theyareworksofartandthereisatactile(触觉的)pleasureinbooksnecessarilylostine-bookversions.Theabilitytoquicklythumbthroughpagesisalsolost.Andaroomwithbooksinitinduces,atleastinsome,afeelingnotdissimilartothatofafireinthefireplaceonacoldwinter’snight.
[O]ForthesereasonsIthinkphysicalbookswillhavealongerexistenceasacommercialproductthansomecurrentlypredict.Likeswords,bookshavesymbolicpower.Likefireplaces,theyinduceasenseofcomfortandwarmth.And,perhaps,similartosails,theymakeausefulback-upforwhenthelightsgoout.
46.Authorsstillpublishedinprintedversionswillbeconsideredimportantones.
47.Somepeoplearestillinfavorofprintedbooksbecauseofthesenseoftouchtheycanprovide.
48.Theradiobusinesshaschangedgreatlyandnowattractsmorelisteners.
49.Contrarytomanypeople’spredictionofitsdeath,thefilmindustrysurvived.
50.Remarkablechangeshavetakenplaceinthebookbusiness.
51.Oldtechnologysometimescontinuestoexistbecauseofitsreliability.
52.Theincreaseofe-booksaleswillforcethebookbusinesstomakechangesnotseenforcenturies.
53.Anewtechnologyisunlikelytotaketheplaceofanoldonewithoutaclearadvantage.
54.Paperbacksofpopularliteraturearemorelikelytobereplacedbye-books.
55.Ahousewithafireplacehasastrongerappealtobuyers.
SectionC
Directions:
Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.
PassageOne
Questions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.
Thequestionofwhetherourgovernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyortheliberalartsinhighereducationisn’taneither/orproposition(命题),althoughthecurrentemphasisonpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM(science,technology,engineering,maths)-relatedfieldscanm
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