英语山西省太原五中学年高二上学期期中考试.docx
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英语山西省太原五中学年高二上学期期中考试.docx
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英语山西省太原五中学年高二上学期期中考试
太原五中2014-2015学年度第一学期期中
高二英语
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题2分,满分20分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项,并将答案涂在答题卡上。
A
CharlesLyell,agreatyouth,haddifferentideas.HewroteabookaboutthemcalledPrinciplesofGeology.Theearth,accordingtoLyell,wasnotonlythousandsofyearsold;itwasmillionsofyearsold.Astothecommonbeliefthatchangesintheearth’ssurfacehappensuddenlybecauseofasingleearthquakeorflood,hesaidthatthismighthappenonceinawhile,butusuallythesechangestookplaceveryslowly.Hebelievedthatthesurfaceoftheearthhadbeenchangingfromthebeginningoftime.Thechanges,hesaid,werecausedbythelong-termactionofthewindsandseas,andbyforcessuchasvolcanoesbreakingoutundertheearth’ssurface.Onceinagreatwhilehethought,amountainmightappearforthefirsttimeafteranearthquake.Butusuallymountainswouldexperienceaslowandsteadyrise.
AprofessornamedHenslowwasinterestedinLyell’sideas,buthedidnotactuallybelievethem.CharlesDarwincouldnotmakeuphismindaboutthem.Buttheysethimthinkingalonglineswhichwouldlaterchangethebeliefsofthoughtfulpeopleunderthesun.
AttheUniversityofCambridge,CharlesDarwinstudiedjustenoughtopasstheexamination,andreceivedhiscollegedegreein1831.Duringthistime,hehadbecomemoreandmoreinterestedingeology.Attheendoftheschoolyear,hewenttoNorthWaleswithoneofhisteacherstoexaminetherockformationsandtosearchforfossils.Fossilsaretheremainsofancientlivingthings.Theyareusuallyfixedinrocksintheearth’scrust.Fossilsmaybeofanimals,suchasfish,insects,birds,orhumans.Theymaybeofplantsfromtinyleavestohugetrees.Whenalivingcreaturedies,itusuallydecaysoriseatenbyanimals.However,ifitsinksintoariverbedorisquicklycoveredbytheblowingsandsofadesertstorm,thebonesarekeptupintheearth.Overmanyyearsthesoftinnerpartsofabonedisappear,leavingtheinsidehollow.Watercontainingmineralsentersintothehollow.Slowlythemineralshardenandmakethebonehardandheavylikebonesoverthetime.
1.AccordingtoCharlesLyell,mountainscameintoexistence___________.
A.notbecauseofvolcanoesbutbecauseofseas
B.quicklyinsteadofsteadily
C.moreonaccountofanearthquakethanofwinds
D.atquiteaslowrateratherthanallofasudden
2.CharlesLyellprobablyholdsthebeliefthattheearthhasbeenformedliketoday’sshape_____________.
A.fromtheverybeginningoftime
B.overaratherlongcourseoftime
C.justduetoscoresofbigearthquakes
D.owingtoaverylongperiodofbigflood
3.WhatisDarwin’smainpurposeofgoingtoNorthWales?
A.Tocollectdeadanimalsandplants
B.Todoresearchintotherockinformation
C.Tomakearesearchintofossilseverexisting
D.Tosearchforvarietiesoftinyorhugeplants
4.CharlesDarwin,unlikeProfessorHenslow,___________.
A.turnedLyell’sideasoverbeforedevelopingthemlater
B.thoughtaboutwhatpeoplethoughtaboutthethenworld
C.didmakeuphismindnottoacceptLyell’sideas
D.failedtothinkofLyell’sideasasright
5.What’syouropinionaboutCharlesDarwin’sstudyatcollege?
A.ExcellentB.UndistinguishedC.DiligentD.Disappointing
B
Overthreemillionpeopleareatriskfromindoorairpollutionbecauseoftheheatingorcookingfuels.MostliveinAfrica,IndiaandChina.Theyusefuelslikewood,cropwaste,animalwasteorcoal.Thesefuelsmaybetheleastcostlyfuels.Buttheyarealsoamajorcauseofhealthproblemsanddeath.
Formorethanthirtyyears,theAprovechoResearchCenterhasbeendesigningcleaner,low-costcookingstoves.DeanStillisthedirectorofthegroupandhepointsoutthateveryyearmorethanonemillionandfivehundredthousandpeoplediefrombreathingsmokefromsolidfuels.“Andhalfofthepeopleusewoodforcooking.Thesearethepoorerpeople,andthericherpeopleuseoilandgas.It’sestimatedthatwoodisrunningoutmorequicklythanoilandgas.Andsoit’sveryimportantforthepoorerpeopletohaveveryefficientstovesthatprotecttheirforestsandtheirhealth,”hesays.
EveryyearAprovechoholdsa“stovecamp”atitstestingstation.Engineers,inventorsandotherscometogethertodesignandtestdifferentmethodsandmaterialsforimprovingstoves.Overtheyears,thegrouphasmadestovesusingmud,bricks,sheetmetal,etc,mostofwhichlooklikelarge,deepcookingpotsandhaveanopeningatthebottomforthefireandaplaceontoptoputapot.
Inthelatenineteenseventies,AprovechoproducedapopularstovecalledtheLorena.TheLorenawasverygoodatreducingsmokeandwarminghomes.Butnewtestsyearslaterfoundthatitwasnotveryefficient.TheLorenausedtwiceasmuchwoodasanopenfire,andtookmuchlongertoheatfood.Sincethen,DeanStillsaystheyhaveexperimentedwithcountlessotherdesigns.
Aprovechohaspartneredwithastovemanufacturer(制造商)inChina.ThecompanyismakingAprovecho’sstoves.Theyaresaidtousefortypercenttofiftypercentlesswoodthananopenfire,andproducefiftypercenttoseventy-fivepercentlesssmoke.Acompanyissellingthemthroughitswebsiteforlessthantendollars.DeanStillsaysthatmorethanonehundredthousandhavebeensoldsofar.
6.What’syouropinionaboutthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?
A.Tolaythefoundationsofintroducingcookingstoves.
B.Toshowthefactofmanypeople’ssufferingfromairpollution.
C.Toletreadersknowthepovertyofsomedevelopingcountries.
D.Tointroducecheapfuelsavailabletopoorpeople.
7.WhatdoDeanStill’swordsimply?
A.Theforestswilldisappearfromtheearth
B.Thepoorshouldbeforbiddentocutdowntheforests
C.It’surgenttochangethepresentsituationofusingfuels
D.Usingfuelssuchasgasandoilcannotcausedeaths
8.Peopleholdthestovecampeveryyearinorderto______.
A.encouragepeopletofindnewfuels
B.testdifferentmethodsforimprovingstoves
C.findnewwaysofdesigningbeautifulstoves
D.celebratetheinventionofthebestefficientcookingequipment
9.What’syourassessmentonthepopularstovecalledtheLorena?
A.Energy-saving.B.Verycompact.
C.Smokeless.D.Lessefficient.
10.Thebesttitleofthetextis___________.
A.Howtomakefulluseoffuels?
B.Breathingeasier:
theartofstovemaking
C.Healthproblemsrelatedtocookingfuels
D.Environmentalimprovementneedseverybody’seffort
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
并将答案涂在答题卡上。
选项中有两项为多余选项。
ItiswellknownthattheFrenchmenareromantic,theItaliansarefashionableandtheGermansareserious.Arethesejuststereotypesoristherereallysuchathingasnationalcharacter?
Andifthereis,canitaffecthowanationsucceedorfail?
TheanswerisYES,atleastonegroupofpeopleiscertainthatitcan.Arecentsurveyofthetop500entrepreneurs(企业家)intheUKfoundthat70%feltthattheireffortswerenotappreciatedbytheBritishpublic.Britainishostile(敌意的)tosuccess,theysaid.Ithasacultureofjealousy(嫉妒).11Jealousyissometimesknownasthe“green-eyedmonster”andtheUKisitshome.
RecentlyscientistsatWarwichUniversityintheUKtestedthisidea.Theygatheredagroupofpeopletogetherandgaveeachanimaginaryamountofmoney.12Thosegivenalittleweregiventhechancetodestroythelargeamountofmoneygiventoothers–butatthecostoflosingtheirown.Twothirdsofthepeopletestedagreedtodothis.
13Butthereisalsooppositeevidence.TheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopmentrecentlyreportedthattheUKisnowtheworld’sfourthlargesteconomy.Thatisnotbadforpeoplewhoaresupposedtohatesuccess.PeopleintheUKalsoworklongerhoursthananyoneelseinEurope.SotheBritishpeoplearenotlazy,either.
“ItisnotreallysuccessthattheBritishdislike,”saysCareyCooper,aprofessorofmanagementattheUniversityofManchesterInstituteofScienceandTechnology.“It’speopleusingtheirsuccessinawaythatseemsproudorunfairorwhichseparatesthemfromtheirroots.”
14Theysetouttodothingsintheirway.Theyworklonghours.Bytheirowneffortstheybecomemillionaires.15Ithardlyseemsworthfollowingtheirexample.Iftheyweremorefriendly,peoplewouldlikethemmore.Andmorepeoplewanttobelikethem.
A.Theonewhoownsmostmoneyintheendisthewinner.
B.Thisseemstoprovethattheentrepreneurswererighttocomplain.
C.ItisnottruethatBritishpeoplearebornjealousofothers’success.
D.Asaresult,thesurveysaid,entrepreneurswere“unloved,unwantedandmisunderstood.”
E.Butinsteadofbeinghappytheycomplainthatnobodylovesthem.
F.Perhapsitistheentrepreneurswhoaretheproblem.
G.Someweregivenalittle,othersagreatdeal.
第二部分完形填空(本题分A、B两篇,共40小题,满分30分。
注意:
第一篇,每小题1分,计20分;第二篇,每小题0.5分,计10分,)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A,B,C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并将答案涂在答题卡上。
A
Myfirstjobwasinwhattheycallthecitycenter.The16waslarge,darkandold17thephysicslectureroomwasonthesecondfloor.18,itwasn’talectureroomatall,itwasanordinaryroom,butithad“LECTUREROOM”onthe19.Thestudentsweresixteenorseventeenyearsold,20severalyearsyoungerthanme.21,someofthemlookedandacted22olderthanmesometimes.
Theroomwasdirectly23thestreet,andhadthewindowlookingoutoverthestreetandmanyhouses.Oneday,Iwas24someworkontheblackboardwhenIheardasuddenchangeinthenoisebehindme.Therewasamanstandingintheroomwith25anappleinhishand.Heloo
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