Drivesystemformultipleaxisrobotarm.docx
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Drivesystemformultipleaxisrobotarm.docx
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Drivesystemformultipleaxisrobotarm
Imagecodingdeviceforcodingimagesignaltoreducetheamountoftheinformationintheimage
BACKGROUNDOFTHEINVENTION
1.FieldoftheInvention
Thepresentinventionrelatestoanimagecodingdevicewhichiscapableofreducingtheamountofinformationcontainedinanimagebycodinganinputimagesignal,inparticular,amovingimage.
2.DescriptionoftheRelatedArt
Inrecentdays,withtheprevailofserviceintegrateddigitalnetworks(referredtoasaISDNs),asnewcommunicationservice,imagecommunicationservicehasbeenmoreandmorerequested.Concretely,aTVphoneoraTVconferencesystemhasrequestedsuchservice.
Ingeneral,inthecaseoftransmittingimageinformationasinaTVphoneoraTVconferencesystem,sincetheimageconsumesamassiveamountofinformation,inlightofatransmissionspeedofalineandthecostinthetransmission,itisnecessarytocompressandcodetheamountofinformationofthetransmittedimageforreducingtheamountofinformationintransmission.
Asacodingmethodforcompressingtheinformation,variousmethodshavebeenconsidered.SomeofthemaregoingtoberealizedinthefieldofaTVphoneoraTVconferencesystem.Further,anewcommunicationnetwork,representativelyabroadbandintegratedservicedigitalnetwork(referredtoasaB-SIDN),isnowactivelystudiedforprovidinghigherservice.Asahigh-efficiencycodingmethodforanimagebeingnowonthewayofimplementation,therehasbeenknownamotioncompensatedinter-framepredictionorthogonaltransformationmethod.Thismethodtakesthestepsofdividinganimageintopluralsmallblocksandperforminganorthogonaltransformationsuchasadiscretecosinetransformationwithrespecttovariouspredictiveerrorsignalsineachsmallblock,quantizingtheresultingtransformingcoefficientforcoding,andtransmittingthecodeddata.
FIG.9showsacodingdevicearrangedontheforegoingpriorart.FIG.10isablockdiagramshowinganarrangementoftheforegoingconventionaldecodingdevice.
Aninputimagesignalisinter-framepredictedascompensatingforthemotionateachimageframebymeansofamotioninter-framecompensationpredictingunit40.Todetectthemotioninthemotioncompensation,theimagesignalofaone-previousframestoredinaframememory41andtheinputimagesignalaredividedintoblocks.Whichportionoftheimagesignalofaone-previousframeismovedtotheblockisdetected.Themotioninter-framecompensationpredictingunit40operatestoreadanimageframecodedofaone-previousframestoredintheframememory41asapredictivevalue.Then,adifferencebetweentheinputimageframeandthepredictivevaluereadfromtheframememory41isderivedinadifferentialoperatingunit42forperforminganinter-framecodingoperation.
Insuccession,thepredictiveerrorsignaloutputfromthedifferentialoperatingunit42istransmittedtoanorthogonaltransformingunit43inwhichanorthogonaltransformationisperformed.Theorthogonaltransformingunit43servestooutputanorthogonallytransformedcoefficient.Thecoefficientisquantizedinthequantizingunit44atthequantizationlevelsentfromacodingcontrolunit45.Thequantizedoutputfromthequantizingunit44isoutputtotheexternalasacodedresult.Thequantizedoutputfromthequantizingunit44isalsosenttoareverse-quantizingunit46.Thereverse-quantizingunit46performsareverseprocesstothequantizingunit44sothattheunit46mayoutputanorthogonallytransformedcoefficientandareverseorthogonallytransformedcoefficient.Inthereverseorthogonallytransformingunit47,thereverseorthogonallytransformingoperationiscarriedoutbyusingthecoefficients.Intheseserialoperatingprocess,toefficientlyperformanoperationlikemotiondetectionincompensatingforthemotion,theimageisdividedtoblockseachhavingapredeterminedsize.Theoutputofthereverseorthogonaltransformingunit47isaddedtothepredictivevaluereadoutoftheframememory41intheaddingunit48.Then,theaddedvalueisstoredintheframememory41andisusedforinter-framepredictioninthenextinputimageframe.Theinputimagesignaliscodedaccordingtosuchaloop(codingloop).
Inthedecodingdevice,liketheprocessinthecodingloopofthecodingdevice,theinputcodedsignalissenttoareverse-quantizingunit49inwhichthereverseoperationtothequantizingunit44isperformed.Theorthogonallytransformedcoefficientisoutputtothereverseorthogonaltransformingunit49.
Inanaddingunit51,theoutputofthereverseorthogonaltransformingunit50isaddedtoapredictivevaluereadoutofaframememory53basedonapredictivemotionvaluefromaninter-framepredictingunit52.Theaddedresultisoutputasasignalandisstoredintheframememory53.
Theforegoingconventionalimagecodingdeviceallowsacertaindegreeoferrorforreducingtheamountofinformationwhenquantizingtheorthogonallytransformedresult.Theallowederrormakesthequalityoftheimagedegraded.Thishasbeenadisadvantage.Thequantizationiscontrolledbytheamountofgeneratedcodesandthetransmissioncapacitance.Ineachdividedblock,thequantizingconditionischanged.Whenthecodedimageisviewedasanoverallimage,ablockdistortioninwhichablockbeingprocessedisstrikingorcoarsenessvariableineachblockofthescreentakesplacesothatthequalityoftheimagemaybedisadvantageouslydegraded.
Further,whetherornotthecontentoftheimageontheblocktobecodedmaybeanimportantportiontotransmissionorstorage,thecodingoperationisevenlycontrolledforanyoftheblocks.Hence,theimagequalityonanimportantportioncannotbeheldsothattheoverallimagemaybedisadvantageouslydegraded.Further,byreverse-quantizingandreverseorthogonallytransformingalltheoutputsofthequantizingunitforlocallydecoding,thelocallydecodedresultisstoredintheframememoryandisusedforinter-framepredictivecoding.IflostofinformationtakesplaceinalinesuchasabroadbandISDN,theinter-framepredictivecodingdoesnotproperlyfunction,therebyremarkablyloweringthequantityoftheimage.
SUMMARYOFTHEINVENTION
Itisthereforeanobjectoftheinventiontoprovideanimageareadetectorwhichcanrecognizeanimportantportionintheimagetobecoded.
Itisanotherobjectoftheinventiontoprovideanimagecodingdevicewhichusesanimageareadetectorforrecognizinganimportantportionintheimagetobecodedandenablestoproperlycodetheinformationsoastoobtainanexcellentimagewithouthavingtodegradetheimportantportioneveniflostoftheinformationinacommunicationlinetakesplace.
Itisafurtherobjectoftheinventiontoprovideanimagedecodingdevicewhichiscapableofpreventingremarkableloweringofimagequalityiflostoftheinformationtakesplaceinacommunicationlineanddecodingtheimagedatainamannertoobtainanexcellentimagewithouthavingtodegradeasignificantpartintheobject.
Accordingtooneaspectoftheinvention,thefirstobjectisachievedbyanimageareadetectorarrangedtoprovidemeansfordividinganinputimagesignalintopluralblocks;meansforstoringanimagesignal,meansfordetectinganamountofmotionofeachframeateachblockfromtheimagesignalsinputandstoredinthestoringmeans,meansforderivinganaverageluminanceandanaveragechrominanceineachblock;meansforderivingadifferentialvalueineachblock,meansforderivinganaverageluminanceofeachoverallframe;andmeansforspecifyingthepluralareasbasedonthemotion,theaverageluminanceandchrominance,thedifferentialvalues,andtheaverageluminanceoftheframe.
Inthearrangement,itispossibletospecifythesignificantpartintheimageandobtaintheindexforareaadaptivecoding.
Accordingtoanotheraspectoftheinvention,thesecondobjectisachievedbytheimagecodingdevicearrangedtoprovidemeansforpredictivelycodinganimagesignalateachframebasedonaninputimagesignalandastoredimagesignalandoutputtingapredictiveerrorsignal;meansfororthogonallytransformingthepredictiveerrorsignal;meansforquantizingatransformingcoefficientformedbytheorthogonaltransformation;imageareadetectingmeansfordividingtheinputimagesignalintopluralblocksandspecifyingeachoftheareablocks;meansforderivingaquantizingerrorofthespecifiedarea;andmeansforre-quantizingthequantizederrorderivedbythemeansforderivingthequantizingerror,thedataquantizedbythequantizingmeansandthequantizingerrorre-quantizingmeansbeingconfiguredinacodingformat.
Inthearrangement,thecodedoutputisdividedintotwohierarchicalclasses,thatis,theoutputofthequantizingmeansandtheoutputoftheerrorquantizingmeans.Thequalityoftheimageisimprovedagainsttheloweringofthequalityofanimageinthecodedloopinanimportantareaofthecodedimage.Totransmittheimage,iftheoutputofthequantizingmeansintheloopistransmittedfirst,onlytheerrorsignalislosteveninthetransmissionpathwhereinformationmaybelost.Hence,itispossibletoeliminatetheadverseeffectofthecodingloopontheinter-frameprediction,therebysuppressingthedegradationofthecodedimagetoaminimum.
Accordingtothirdaspectoftheinvention,thethirdobjectisachievedbydecodingdevicearrangedtoprovidemeansforseparatingthequantizeddataandthequantizingerrorre-quantizingdatafromthecodedformat;meansforreverse-quantizingtheseparatedquantizingdata;meansforreverse-quantizingtheseparate
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