结论段的写作.docx
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结论段的写作.docx
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结论段的写作
结论段的写作
结论一般采用归纳概括、主题重述或提建议等方式。
常见的方式有:
1)结论性:
通过对前面文章的讨论,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点:
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .....
In summary/In a word, it is more valuable .......
2)后果性:
揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果。
We must call for an immediate method,
because the current phenomenon of ... , if
allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the
heavy cost of .......
Obviously, if we ignore/are blind to the
problem, there is every chance that ..will be
put in danger.
3)号召性:
呼吁读者行动起来,采取行动或提请注意:
Itistimethatweurgedanimmediateendtotheundesirabletendencyof…
Itisessentialthateffectivemeasuresshouldbetakentocorrectthetendency.
4)建议性:
对所讨论的问题给出建议性的意见,包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法。
Whileitcannotbesolvedimmediately,stillthereareways.Themostpopularis…Anothermethodis…Stillanotheroneis…
Awareness/Recognitionoftheproblemisthefirststeptowardthesituation.
转承语的使用
根据不同的段落要求,选择适当的转承语
1)比较对照
比较:
likeA,B…
JustasA,B…
A,similarly/correspondingly,likewise/inthesameway,B…
对照:
Unlike/Contraryto/AsopposedtoA,B…
A,however/ontheotherhand/incontrast,B..
A…,B,however/ontheotherhand/incontrast,…
2)列举
First/Second(Next)/Third(Then)/Last(Finally),…
Thefist/Thesecond/Thethird/Thelast(Thefinal)
Firstly/Secondly/Thirdly/Last(Finally)
One/Another/Stillanother/Thelast
Themostessential/mostimportant/primary/chiefis…
3)因果
asaresult,consequently,therefore,hence,so,becauseofthis,forthesereasons,duetothefactthat
4起承转合常用语
1)"起"的常用语
Whenaskedabout/Whenitcomesto/Facedwith…,somepeople
claim/think/argue/believethat…,but/whileothers…(differently)
Nowadaysthereismuch/generaldiscussionasto….
Withthedevelopment/improvement/growthof…,
Now,itiscommonly/widely/increasinglybelieved/thought/held/acknowledgethat…,
Accordingtoarecentsurvey/investigation/poll,…
Haveyoueverthought/wondered…?
Suppose…
Asthesayinggoes,…
2)"承"的常用语
Thosewhohold….
Itistruethat…
Tobesure...
First/Firstly…
Themain/leading/underlying/root/primary/chief/essential….
"承接上文"的方式与文章的段落结构有关,比较的与列举的不同,与举例的也不同。
同学们应根据具体的情况选择适当的承接语。
3)"转"的常用语
Itsoundslikeagood(attractive)idea(suggestion),buttheyfailtounderstand(see,notice)…
Thereisprobablyanelementoftruthinthearguments(ideas),buttheyignoreamoreimportant(basic)fact…
Closerexamination(analysis),however,suggests(shows)thatthisargument(claim,idea)maynotbeborneof(supported)bythefollowingevidence(facts,examples,statistics).
Close(careful)examination(analysis)ofthesearguments(ideas,suggestions),however,wouldreveal(suggest,prove)howflimsy(不足信的,不严密)(fallacious(靠不住的),groundless(没有根据的))theyare.
Howeverlogical(sound,forcible(有说服力))theseargumentsmaybe,theydon'tmakesense(onlyskimthesurfaceoftheproblem)when…isviewedtheotherway(takenintoconsideration).
Asopposedto(Contraryto)thewidely(commonly,generally)heldidea(belief,view),newstudies(facts)challenge(failtojustify)theopinion(view).
Good/Superior/Wonderfulas….,ithasitsowndisadvantages/itbringsitsownproblems.
Theymayberightabout…,buttheyseemtoneglect/failtomention/takeintoaccount…
Inallthediscussionanddebateover…,oneimportant/basicfactisignored/overlooked/neglected.
Itistruethat/Admittedly,butitisunlikely/doesn'tfollow/doesn'tmeanthat…
Thereisanelementoftruthinthesearguments/statements,buttheyignoreadeeperandmorebasic/essential/importantfact/factor…
Inmanycases,however,…
Asfaras..isconcerned,…
4)"合"的常用语
Experience/Evidence/Allthefactssuggest/show/demonstrate/indicatethat…
Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove/Takingintoaccountallthesefactors,wemaysafelydraw/reach/cometo/arrive/theconclusionthat…
Inconclusion/Tosumup/Insummary/Inshort/Toconclude….
Itisimportant/necessary/essentialthateffective/proper/powerfulactions/measure/remediesshouldbetakento…
ShouldRetirementAgeBePostponed?
1.近年来,推迟退休年龄引发人们热议
2.推迟退休年龄有利也有弊
3.我的看法
Heateddebate,laborforcesupply,pressureofsocialemployment,retirementpension,takeintoconsideration,theelder’sinterest
BasedonarecentsurveyontheInternet,amajorityofindividualsadmitthatagingsocietywillbringavarietyofproblemstotheirlife.Alongwiththetrendoflongevity,ithasbecomeatrendforpeopletodebatewhetheritiswisetopostponeretirementage./Alongwiththetrendoflongevity,nobodycouldhavefailedtonoticeaheateddebateonwhetheritiswisetopostponeretirementage./Theproblemthatshouldretirementagebepostponedhasbecomeapressingtopicinrecentyears.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.
Somepeoplefavorpostponingtheretirementage.Intheireyes,itisthispolicythatenablestheagingsocietytobuildupenoughwork-force.Asamatteroffact,peopleinmountingnumbershavecometorealizethisprobleminanagingsociety.Evenso,othersholdadifferentviewthatpostponingretirementagecarriessomerisks.Thispolicycanbringoldpeoplestress,butcannotarousetheirenthusiasmforwork,andcannothelpthemtoenjoytheirretirementpension./Somepeoplearguethatit’snecessarytopostponetheretirementageinthatitisagoodwaytodealwiththeagingpopulation.Oneofthedirectresultsoftheagingsocietyisadropinthelaborforcesupply,whichcanberelievedbypostponingtheretirementage.However,otherpeopleholdanegativeviewaboutthisphenomenon.Foronething,thisreformcouldraisethepressureofsocialemployment,especiallyforthepresentseveresituation.Foranother,itmaydiminishthesenior’sleisuretimeandtheprobabilitiestoenjoytheirretirementpension./Thereisnodoubtthatmostcompanyandgovernmentstandtoitforthereasonthatoldworkerscancreatemorevalues.Butmorethan90%ofthepeopleespeciallythepoorareagainstthisidea.
Itisknowntousallthateverycoinhastwosides.Retirementagebepostponedhasadvantagesanddisadvantages,too.Theadvantagesarethefollowings.Iftheretirementagebepostponedthestressofpensionscanbedroppedandthepeoplewhohaveexperiencecancreatemorevalues.Howeverthedisadvantagesaremoreobviously.Firstofall,itismoredifficultfortheyoungpeopletofindjobs,andthenthestressoffindingjobswillrise.Lastbutnottheleast;itmaymakethesocialunfair.
Iamconvincedthatweshouldbalanceoldpeople’sinterestagainstthisagingsociety.Thus,ifthoseseniorshaveenthusiasmforwork,weshouldeducate,advocateandencouragethemtoworkandperformtheirtasks.Ifwetryourutmosttodoso,thefutureofoldpeople’slifewillbepromising,hopefulandrosy./Formypart,weshouldtakethelevelofthereformandtheelders'interestintoconsiderationsothataclearerperspectiveofthedebatecanbegained./AsfarasIamconcerned,Ipreferthatretirementageshouldn’tbepostponed.Theoldpeopleshouldlivemorecomfortableandtheyoungpeopleshouldbegivenmorechancesbecausewearethefutureofourmotherland.
ShouldOneExpectaRewardWhenDoingaGoodDeed?
1.有人做好事期望得到回报;
2.有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报;
3.我的观点。
Argument,overwhelming,varyfrom,infavorof,maintain,onthecontrary,fulfillment,taketheinitiative,crucial,enhancement
Theargumentoverwhetheroneshouldexpectarewardwhendoingagooddeedisoverwhelminglyheated.Peoplevaryfromoneanotherintheiropinions.Somepeopleareoftheopinionthatthereshouldarewardforagooddeed.Theyareinfavorofthisideabecausetheythinkbythis,peoplecanbeencouragedtohelpothers.Moreover,theymaintainthatagooddeedshouldbevaluedproperlyandreasonablybyarewardinthisutilitarianandmaterialisticworld./Withtheeconomybooming,itdrawsafiercepublicdisputewhetheroneshouldexpectarewardwhendoingagooddeed./Nowadays,differentpeopleholddifferentviewsaboutwhetherornotoneshouldexpectarewardwhendoingagooddeed.Somepeoplethinkthatagooddeedshouldbegivenacertainreward.Theysayitisagreeablewiththeruleoffairness.Also,rewardscanstimulatepeople'senthusiasmtodogooddeeds./Nowadays,therehasbeenahotdebateinthepublicovertheissuewhetheroneexpectarewardafterdoingagooddeed.Somethinkit’shumannaturetowantreturnifhegives,butotheragainstthathelpothersoutoftroubleisthebasicpersonalquality,shouldnotberelatedwithmoney.Forme,Iagreethelastone.
First,GooddeedisatraditionalvirtueoftheChinese,whichhasspreadfarandwideforthousandsyears.Andifeveryoneholdstheideaof“NorewardNohelp”,thespiritofLeiFengwouldbedisappearing.Second,gooddeedbelongstovoluntarywork;personalinterestsshouldnotbethepurposeofhelpingothers.Theactionsshouldbedonewithourtrueheart,whenitcomestowithoutgettingpaid,peoplewouldnotconsiderunbalanceinmind.Third,thereisanoldsayinggoes,“Onegoodreturndeservesanother,”whichindicatesthathelpingotherssincerelyaresupposedtoresultfromunexpectedrewards,suchastherespectfromothersorasenseofachievement.
Tosumup,Nomatterdoinggooddeedsshouldgetreturnsornot,themostimportantthingiswhenothersbeingintrouble,weshouldtohelpthemwithouthesitation.
Onthecontrary,themajorityofpeopleclaimthatweshouldlearnfromLeiFeng,whohelpedotherswithoutanyexpectationofrewards.Theyassumethatpeopledoagooddeedoutoftheirfreewillandbasedontheirsenseofresponsibility.What’smore,conductinggoo
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