山东省淄博实验淄博五中届高三上学期第一次教学诊断英语试题解析word版.docx
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山东省淄博实验淄博五中届高三上学期第一次教学诊断英语试题解析word版.docx
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山东省淄博实验淄博五中届高三上学期第一次教学诊断英语试题解析word版
高三年级第一学期第一次教学诊断考试试题
英语试题
第一部分听力
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
请听下面5段对话,选出最佳选项。
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
UKisbecomingapopulardestinationforpeoplewhowishtostudyabroad.However,Britainisquiteanexpensiveplacetostudyandlivein.Tuitionfeeshavenowreached£9,250ayearandstudentsalsofacesomeofthehighestlivingcostsintheworld.
Fortunately,thereareanumberofcountrieswhereuniversitiesofferdegreeprogramsentirelyinEnglish,alongwiththechancetolearnthelocallanguagewhileyoulivethere.Herearethreeoftheoptions.
TianjinUniversity
MovingtoChinaisnotforthefaint-hearted.UndergraduatedegreecoursesatTianjinlastfouryears.Livingcostsareonlyaround£400amonthandtuitionfeesare£2,300ayear.Flightswillcost£3,600overthefouryears.Thetotalcost,at£28,800,isstillaroundhalfthatofathree-yeardegreeinBritain.Tianjinisoneoftheworld'slatestcitiesandisonlyahalf-hourtrainridefromBeijing.ThreeundergraduateprogramsareofferedinEnglish:
ChemicalEngineering,Environment&EnergyandPharmaceuticalScience.
UniversityofAmsterdam
TheDutchcapitalisnotacheapcitytolivein,butstandardtuitionfeesof£1,800ayearmakeitsignificantlycheaperthanaBritishdegree.Thereare14bachelor'sdegreesonofferthataretaughtinEnglish,includingPoliticalScience,Economics&BusinessEconomicsandActuarialScience.NearlyallDutchpeoplespeakEnglish,makingitaneasycountrytogetbyin.
UniversityofMilan
TheUniversityofMilan'sfeesrangefrom£140to£3,650ayear.Theonebachelor'sdegreeofferedentirelyinEnglish―PoliticalScienceisathree-yearcourse.WhilelivingcostsinMilanarehigh,thesignificantlylowerfeesmakeitacheaperoptionthanaBritishuniversity.
1.Whatisprobablythetotalcostofathree-yeardegreeinBritain?
A.£14,400B.£27,750
C.£28,800D.£57,600
2.WherecanyoumajorinPoliticalScience?
A.LondonandTianjin.
B.AmsterdamandLondon.
C.AmsterdamandMilan.
D.TianjinandMilan.
3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toencouragepeopletostudyabroad.
B.Tointroducesomeaffordableuniversities.
C.Toadvertisesomedegreeprograms.
D.Tocomparetuitionfeesandlivingcost
【答案】1.D2.C3.B
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。
文章介绍了几个学费和消费都比英国低的完全用英语授课且提供学位课程的几个大学。
1题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第三段的Thetotalcost,at£28,800,isstillaroundhalfthatofathree-yeardegreeinBritain可知,在英国学习三年的花费是57600英镑,故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。
第四段的Thereare14bachelor’sdegreesonofferthataretaughtinEnglish,includingPoliticalScience,Economics&BusinessEconomicsandActuarialScience.和最后一段的Theonebachelor’sdegreeofferedentirelyinEnglish---PoliticalScienceisathree-yearcourse.可知,UniversityofAmsterdam和UniversityofMilan.这两个学校都提供PoliticalScience这个专业,故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。
第一段提到英国的留学费用是世界上非常贵的,接着又提到了几个国家的相对比较便宜的大学,可推断出本文的目的是介绍几个学生们能负担得起的大学,故选B。
B
OnNovember7,LewisPughcompletedaone-kilometerswiminthefreezingwatersofKingEdwardCove,offSouthGeorgiainAntarctica.Hewaswearingonlyhisswimmingglasses,capandspeedos!
Pughisanadvocateforouroceansandseas,workingtoprotecttheseecosystemwiththeirlargediversityofmarinelife.Whenaskedwhyhedoesn’twearawetsuit,Lewissays,“Iaskworldleaderstodoeverythingtheycantoprotectouroceans.Sometimesthestepstheyneedtotakearedifficultandunpopular.IfI’maskingthemtobecourageous,Imustalsobe.Swimminginawetsuitwouldnotsendtherightmessage.”
IttookPughabout19minutestocompletetheone-kilometerswiminAntarcticawherethewateraveragedabout1.6degreesCelsius.Hesaysthathisbodycanonlytolerateabout20minutesinthefreezingwatersbeforeitstartsshuttingdown.Asheswims,hisbodytemperaturesteadilydrops,whichinturncauseshismusclecontroltodrop,slowinghimdown.Whenheisdonewithhisswim,hissupportteamrusheshimtoahotshowerandittakesalmostanhourforhisbodytemperaturetoreturntonormal.
DoctorsandPughcautionthatonemustreceivemonthsoftrainingtoswiminsuchcoldwaters.Evenexpertswimmerswhoareunusedtofreezingwatercandrownwithinminutesbecauseofthephysicalshockexperiencedbythebody.Pughsayshetrainedforsixmonthsbeforethisswim.
ThisisnotthefirsttimethatLewishasswumindangerousconditions.In2007,heswamonekilometerintheNorthPoletodrawattentiontothemeltingArcticiceduetoclimatechange.In2015,heswamintheBayofWhalesinAntarctica’sRossSeaaspartofhissuccessfulcampaigntohelpsetupamarinereservethere.
4.WhydidLewisPughswimwithoutawetsuit?
A.Toswimfaster.B.Toshowhisbravery.
C.Tobuilduphisbody.D.Towinpublicattention.
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?
A.Hisbody.B.Thewater.
C.Hisbodytemperature.D.Thewatertemperature.
6.What’sPugh’sadviceaboutswimminginfreezingwaters?
A.Onemustbefullyprepared.
B.Oneshouldbeexpertatswimming.
C.Oneshouldbereadytotakeonchallenges.
D.Onemustbeusedtolong-distanceswimming.
7.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?
A.LewisPugh:
swimmingforacause
B.Howtosurviveaswimincoldwaters
C.Howtoprepareforextremeswimming
D.LewisPugh:
achievingtheimpossible
【答案】4.B5.A6.A7.A
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。
主要讲述了LewisPugh为了呼吁政府采取措施保护海洋而在南极海洋水温很低的情况下,不穿防寒泳衣游泳的勇敢事迹。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第二段的Iaskworldleaderstodoeverythingtheycantoprotectouroceans.Sometimesthestepstheyneedtotakearedifficultandunpopular.IfI’maskingthemtobecourageous,Imustalsobe.Swimminginawetsuitwouldnotsendtherightmessage.可知,他不穿防寒泳衣的原因是展示他的勇敢,故选B。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。
此题要结合上文语境Hesaysthathisbodycanonlytolerateabout20minutesinthefreezingwatersbefore可知他在冰水里游泳身体只能忍受20分钟,下文中提到他游泳时体温在慢慢下降,肌肉控制力也在下降,可推测出此处的it指的是hisbody,故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。
根据第四段的DoctorsandPughcautionthatonemustreceivemonthsoftrainingtoswiminsuchcoldwaters.可知,一个人要想在冰冷的水里游泳必须得训练很长时间才可以,即要做足准备工作才行,故选A。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。
文章主要讲述的是Pugh为保护海洋而在极寒的水里游泳,他用行动去展示他保护海洋的决心和勇气,由此可知A项是最佳标题。
C
ManyleadingAIresearchersthinkthatinamatterofdecades,artificialintelligencewillbeabletodonotmerelysomeofourjobs,butallofourjobs,forevertransforminglifeonEarth.
Thereasonwhymanyregardthisassciencefictionisthatwe'vetraditionallythoughtofintelligenceassomethingmysteriousthatcanonlyexistinbiologicalorganisms,especiallyhumans.Butsuchanideaisunscientific.
FrommypointofviewasaphysicistandAIresearcher,intelligenceissimplyacertainkindofinformation-processingperformedbyelementaryparticles(基本粒子)movingaround,andthereisnolawofphysicsthatsaysonecan'tbuildmachinesmoreintelligentthanusinallways.Thissuggeststhatwe'veonlyseenthetipoftheintelligenceicebergandthatthereisanamazingpotentialtounlockthefullintelligencethatispotentialinnatureanduseittohelphumanity.
Ifwegetitright,theupsideishuge.Sinceeverythingweloveaboutcivilizationistheproductofintelligence,amplifying(扩大)ourownintelligencewithAIhasthepotentialtosolvetomorrow'stoughestproblems.Forexample,whyriskourlovedonesdyingintrafficaccidentsthatself-drivingcarscouldpreventordyingofcancersthatAImighthelpusfindcuresfor?
Whynotincreaseproductivitythroughautomation(自动化)anduseAItoaccelerateourresearchanddevelopmentofaffordablesustainable(可持续的)energy?
I'moptimisticthatwecandeveloprapidlywithadvancedAIaslongaswewintheracebetweenthegrowingpowerofourtechnologyandtheknowledgewithwhichwemanageit.Butthisrequiresgivingupouroutdatedconceptoflearningformmistakes.Thathelpeduswintheracewithlesspowerfultechnology:
Wemessedupwithfireandtheninventedfireextinguishers(灭火器),andwemessedupwithcarsandtheninventedseatbelts.However,it'sanawfulideaformorepowerfultechnologies,suchasnuclearweaponsorsuperintelligentAI—whereevenasinglemistakeisunacceptableandweneedtogetthingsrightthefirsttime.
8.HowdomanypeoplefeelaboutleadingAIresearchers'predictions?
A.Worried.B.Curious.C.Doubtful.D.Disappointed.
9.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofintelligence?
A.Weknowlittleaboutit.B.Itbelongstohumanbeings.
C.Itistoodifficulttounderstand.D.Wehavenothingmoretodiscover.
10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“upside”inParagraph4probablymean?
A.Cost.B.Risk.C.Quantity.D.Advantage.
11.What'simportantforusintheracebetweenpeopleandtechnology?
A.Learningfromfailure.B.Increasingourintelligence.
C.Avoidingmakingmistakes.D.Beingmoreoptimistic.
【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C
【解析】
【分析】
本文一篇说明文。
作者是一个物理学家和人工智能研究者,他向我们阐述了我们对人工智能发展的误解及人工智能的优势。
8题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第二段Thereasonwhymanyregardthisassciencefictionisthatwe'vetraditionallythoughtofintelligenceassomethingmysteriousthatcanonlyexistinbiologicalorganisms,especiallyhumans.Butsuchanideaisunscientific.人们认为这只存在在科幻小说当中,可以推断,人们对人工智能的研究者们的预测是怀疑的。
故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。
根据第三段的Thissuggeststhatwe'veonlyseenthetipoftheintelligenceicebergandthatthereisanamazingpotentialtounlockthefullintelligencethatispotentialinnatureanduseittohelphumanity.可知,作者认为我们对人工智能的了解只是冰山一角,从而推断出我们对此知之甚少。
故选A。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。
根据Sinceeverythingweloveaboutcivilizationistheproductofintelligence,amplifying(扩大)ourownintelligencewithAIhasthepotentialtosolvetomorrow'stoughestproblems.及所举的事例和下文提及的是人工智能的各种优点,可知,此句是本段的中心句,句意为“如果我们做对了,好处是巨大的。
”从而可推测出upside意思是“优势,好处”。
故选D。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。
根据最后一段的However,it’sanawfulideaform
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