航海技术专业 航海英语阅读理解题集新.docx
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航海技术专业 航海英语阅读理解题集新.docx
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航海技术专业航海英语阅读理解题集新
航海英语阅读理解题集
Passage1AdmiraltyTotalTide
AdmiraltyTotalTide(DP550)isaPC-based(基于个人电脑)tidalpredictionprogram(预测程序)whichusesthesamepredictionalgorithms(运算法则)andHarmonicConstants(谐和常数)astheAdmiraltyTotalTide,andhasbeendesignedtomeetSOLAScarriagerequirements(运输条款).
TidalheightsforbothStandardandSecondaryPortsaredisplayedingraphicalandtabularform以图表形式.TidalStreamrates潮流速率arepresentedonachart-baseddiagram表示在一张航用海图上的简图.
TotalTidepermitsthemarinertoselectandsimultaneously有选择地或同步calculatetidalheightsformultipleports多个港口foruptosevendays最多达到7天.Outputfromthesystem从该系统输出的形式alsoincludesperiodsofdaylight白昼andnauticaltwilight航海的黄昏、黎明,moonphasesandaspringsandneaps(大、小潮)indicator.Underkeelandoverheadclearance富裕水深和高处间隙canbedisplayedinagraphicform以图表形式toaidpassageplanning帮助航路设计.
TotalTideissuppliedintheformofasingleCD光盘whichcontainsthecalculationprogramandthesevengeographicAreaDataSets7个地区的汇总数据资料(ADS)providingglobalcoverage.Apermitsystemthenprovidesaccesstotheareasrequired.Annualupdates年度的更新资料forTotalTideareavailablefromAdmiraltyChartAgents,andarerecommended.
1.TheAdmiraltyTotalTide(Dp550)is.
A.anarticleabstractedfromSOLASB.aBookknownasAdmiraltyTotalTide
C.anAdmiraltyChartAgentD.aPC-basedtidalpredictionprogram
2.isnotanitemcontainedintheoutputoftheAdmiraltyTotalTide.
A.periodsofdaylightandnauticaltwilightB.moonphases
C.anindicatorofspringsandneapsD.thesevengeographicAreaDataSets
3.Underkeelandoverheadclearancesareusedto.
A.calculatetidalheightsformultipleportsB.selectrecommendedsailingdirections
C.displayingraphicalandtabularformofTidalStreamratesD.aidpassageplanning
4.Itisinferredthatthepredictionalgorithmsareusedfor.
A.displayingingraphicalandtabularformoftidalheights
B.updatingoftheAdmiraltyTotalTide
C.ancalculationoftheprogramandthesevengeographicAreaDataSets
D.thedeterminationoftidesandcurrentsforcertainareaconcened
Passage2OceanPassagesfortheworld
Forthemarinerplanninganoceanpassage为了航海人员设计一条远洋航路,OceanPassagesfortheWorld(NP136)providesaselectionofcommonlyusedroutes从常用航线中挑选了一部分withtheirdistancesbetweenprincipalportsandimportantpositions.Itcontainsdetailsofweather,currentsandicehazardsappropriatetotheroutes,andsolinksthevolumesofSailingDirections并与航路指南相衔接.ItalsogivesotherusefulinformationonLoadLineRules,WeatherRouteing.
Thevolumeisintwoparts:
PartIgivesroutesforpoweredvessels;PartsIIgivesroutesusedinthepastbysailingships,editedfromformereditionstobringnamesup-to-date根据编辑,前者所出现的名称是最新的,andwithcertainnotesadded.ThebookisupdatedbySectionIVofAdmiraltyNoticestoMariners,WeeklyEditions,andperiodically周期性地bysupplements.
5.isnotcontainedinOceanPassagesfortheWorld(NP136).
A.DetailsofweatherB.Currentsappropriatetotheroutes
C.IcehazardsappropriatetotheroutesD.Tonnagemeasurement
6.OceanPassagesfortheWorld(NP136)isupdatedby.
A.WeeklyNWB.WeatherRouteing
C.circularsfromIMOD.certainnotes
7.PartIofOceanPassagesfortheWorldgives.
A.routesusedinthepastbysailingshipsB.routesforpoweredvessels
C.supplements
D.usefulinformationonLoadLineRules,WeatherRouteing,etc.
8.ContainedintheOceanPassagesfortheWorld(NP136)isalsotheinformationlinkingthevolumesof.
A.AdmiraltyNoticestoMarinersB.SailingDirections
C.LoadLineRulesD.WeatherRouteing
Passage3TheNauticalAlmanac航海天文历,StarFinderIdentifier索星卡和星球仪
TheNauticalAlmanactabulatesalldatefortheyearrequiredforthepracticeofastronomicalnavigationatsea.
ItiscompiledjointlybyHMNauticalAlmanacOffice,SpaceScienceandTechnologyDepartment,RutherfordAppletonLaboratory,Chilton,Didcot,UnitedKingdom,andTheNauticalAlmanacOffice,UnitedStatesNavalObservatory,andpublishedannuallybyHMStationeryOffice.ItisobtainablethroughAdmiraltyChartAgentsandHMStationeryOfficeBookshops皇家文具办公书店,butnotfromtheHydrographicOffice水道测量办公室.
StarFinderandIdentifier标识符(Np323)consistsofdiagrams图表onwhichareplottedthe57starslistedonthedailypagesofTheNauticalAlmanac,andonwhichthepositionsoftheplanetsandotherstarscanbeadded.ForagivenLocalHourAngle(Aries)andlatitude,theelevation海拔andtruebearingofastarcanbeobtainedbyinspection.
HerMajesty'sNauticalAlmanacOffice(HMNAO),nowpartoftheUnitedKingdomHydrographicOffice,wasestablishedin1832onthesiteoftheRoyalGreenwichObservatory(RGO),wheretheNauticalAlmanachadbeenpublishedsince1767.
陛下的船舶年曆辦公室(HMNAO),現英國水文辦公室
9.TheNauticalAlmanacispublishedannuallyby.
A.HMNauticalAlmanacOfficeB.UnitedStatesNavalObservatory
C.RutherfordAppletonLaboratoryD.SpaceScienceandTechnologyDepartment
10.TheNauticalAlmanacisobtainablethrough.
A.AdmiraltyChartAgentsB.HydrographicOffice
C.RutherfordAppletonLaboratoryD.SpaceScienceandTechnologyDepartment
11.Ariesmeans.
A.astronomicalnavigationB.LocalHourAngle
C.SpaceScienceandTechnologyD.theelevationandtruebearingofastar
12.Theearthisa.
A.shopB.bodyC.planetD.star
Passage4CorrectionstoSailingDirections
CorrectionstoSailingDirectionsaregiveninSectionIV.ThoseinforceattheendoftheyeararereprintedintheAnnualSummaryofNoticetoMariners.AlistofcorrectionsinforceispublishedinSectionsIVoftheWeeklyEditionforthelastweekofeachmonth.
Itisrecommendedthatcorrectionsbekeptinafilewiththelatestlistofcorrectionsinforceontop.Thelistshouldbeconsultedwhenusingtheparentbooktoseeifanycorrectionsaffectingtheareaunderconsiderationareinforce.
Itisnotrecommendedthatcorrectionsbestuckintheparentbookorcurrentsupplement,but,ifthisisdone,whenanewsupplementisreceivedcaremustbetakentoretainthosecorrectionsissuedafterthedateofthenewsupplement,whichmaybeseveralmonthsbeforeitsreceiptonboard.
13.CorrectionstoSailingDirectionsarecontainedin.
A.TheWeeklyEditionforthelastweekofeachmonth
B.TheAnnualSummaryofNoticetoMariners
C.ThenewsupplementD.TheWeeklyEdition
14.Theparentbookis.
A.theSailingDirectionsB.theCorrectionstoSailingDirectionsinforce
C.TheAnnualSummaryofNoticetoMarinersD.TheWeeklyEdition
15.ItisrecommendedthatCorrectionstoSailingDirectionsbe.
A.madebyhandB.consultedwithatthelastweekofeachmonth
C.stuckintheparentbookorcurrentsupplement
D.keptinafilewiththelatestlistofcorrectionsinforceontop
16.Ifthecorrectionsbestuckintheparentbookorcurrentsupplement,.
A.whenanewsupplementisreceived,thosecorrectionsissuedafterthedateofthenewsupplementmustberetained
B.theparentbookmustbeconsulted
C.thecurrentsupplementmustbeconsulted
D.theAnnualSummaryofNoticetoMarinersmustbeused
Passage5.ChartScales
Thenatureandimportanceoftheareaconcernedgovernthethoroughnesswithwhichtheareamustbeexaminedandthereforetheselectionofthescaleofthesurvey.Portsandharboursareusuallysurveyedinascaleofbetween1:
12,500and1:
5,000,andanchoragesonascaleofonly1:
25,000.
Ageneralsurveyofacoastwhichvesselsonlypassinproceedingfromoneplacetoanotherisseldommadeonascalelargerthan1:
50,000.insuchgeneralsurveysofcoastsorlittlefrequentedanchorages,thesurveyordoesnotcontemplatethatwillapproachtheshorewithouttakingspecialprecautions.
Chartsmaybepublishedonasmallerscalethanthesurveysonwhichtheyarebased,thoughmodernlargescalechartsareoftenpublishedonthesamescaleastheoriginalsurveys.Withanolderchartitwouldbeunwisetoassumetheoriginalwasonalargerscalethanthatofthechartitself.
17.Anchoragesareusuallysurveyedonascaleof.
A.1:
12,5000B.1:
5,000C.1:
25,000D.1:
50,000
18.Olderchartswereusuallypublishedonthesurveysonwhichtheywerebased.
A.asmallerscalethanB.alargescalethan
C.thesamescaleasD.ascalethatconnotbedeterminedcomparedwith
19.Ofthefollowing,aremostpoorlysurveyed.
A.portsB.anchoragesC.harboursD.coasts
20.Thethoroughnesswithwhichtheareamustbeexaminedandthereforetheselectionofthescaleofthesurveyofaseawaterisdeterminedbytheconsiderationof.
A.thenatureandimportanceoftheareaconcernedB.theassumptionoftheoriginalsurvey
C.thescaleoftheoriginalsurveyD.specialprecautionstobetaken
Passage6UseofCharts
Atascaleof1:
6000,000,achartuserwhoiscapableofplottingtoaprecisionof0.2mmmustappreciatethatthisrepresentsapproximately120metersontheground.
Atascaleof1:
25,000,thesameplottingerrorwillbeonlyabout5metersontheground.
Thus,ifthedifferencebetweenaWGS84Datumpositionandthehorizontaldatumofthechartis,say50meters,thiswouldnotbeplottableatthesmallerscale,(thechartcouldeffectivelybesaidtobeonWGS84Datum)butwouldbeplottable(2.0),andthereforesignificant,atthelargescale.
ThisexplainswhyitisnotuncommonforsmallandmediumscaleapproachchartstobereferencedtoWGS84Datumwhilethelargerscaleportplanshavenoquotedhorizontaldatum.Similarly,somechartsatscalesof1:
50,000andsmallerjustquotetoWGS84Datum(withoutayeardate)sincethepositionaldifferencebetweenWGS72andWGS84Datumsisnotplottableatthesescales.
21.Atascaleof1:
500,000,aplottingof0.3mmonthechartrepresentsappr
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